New insights on the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis and treatment of melanoma.

Despite the depth of knowledge concerning the pathogenesis of melanoma, the most aggressive type of skin cancer, the prognosis and survival of patients still remain a challenge. In addition, responses to chemotherapy and immunotherapy are still poor, which underscore an urgent need in the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of melanoma. Recently, the dynamic role of autophagy has gained considerable interest in the pathogenesis and treatment of melanoma.

Effects of Dendritic Cell Vaccine Activated with Components of Lieshmania Major on Tumor Specific Response.

Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) contribute essentially to the outset and course of immune responses. So in patients with malignancy, there have been considerable interests in use of these cells in different interventions.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of Leishmania major's components on DC maturation and their use as a therapeutic agent against tumor cells.

The Opposite Effects of DNA and Protein Components of Listeria Monocytogenes and Toxoplasma gondii on Immunologic Characteristics of Dendritic Cells.

The innate immune system utilizes pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to recognize microbes. Pathogens contain various molecules with diverse effects on immune response. In this study, we evaluated the effect of DNA and protein components derived from two intracellular microorganisms including Listeria monocytogenes (L.

The effect of aqueous cinnamon extract on the apoptotic process in acute myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells.

Background: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is an acute leukemia diagnosed by translocation of chromosomes 15 and 17 [T (15,17)] and aggregation of neoplastic promyelocytes which are incapable of being converted into mature cells. Today, many tend to use medicinal herbs in studies and clinical applications for treatment of cancers. Cinnamon with scientific name "cinnamomumzelanicum" is a shrub of Laurales order, lauraceae family with cinnamomum genus.

Improvement of a dendritic cell-based therapeutic cancer vaccine with components of Toxoplasma gondii.

The use of dendritic cells (DCs) as a cellular adjuvant is a promising approach to the immunotherapy of cancer. It has previously been demonstrated that DCs pulsed ex vivo with Toxoplasma gondii antigens trigger a systemic Th1-biased specific immune response and induce protective and specific antitoxoplasma immunity. In the present study, we demonstrate that tumor antigen-pulsed DCs matured in the presence of Toxoplasma gondii components induce a potent antitumor response in a mouse model of fibrosarcoma.

Dendritic cell maturation with CpG for tumor immunotherapy.

Background: Bacterial DNA has immunostimulatory effects on different types of immune cells such as dendritic cells (DCs). Application of DCs as a cellular adjuvant represents a promising approach in the immunotherapy of infectious disease and cancers.

Objective: To investigate the effect of tumor antigen pulsed DCs in the presence of CpG-1826 in treatment of a murine model of cancer.

Listeria monocytogenes activated dendritic cell based vaccine for prevention of experimental tumor in mice.

Background: The use of dendritic cells (DCs) as a cellular adjuvant provides a promising approach in immunotherapy of cancer. It has been demonstrated that Listeria monocytogenes activated DCs pulsed ex vivo with tumor antigens trigger a systemic Th1-biased specific immune response and a single dose of this vaccine will cause a considerable anti tumor immunity.

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the ability of multiple doses of tumor antigen-pulsed DCs, matured in the presence of Listeria monocytogenes components in induction of a potent anti-tumor response and the prevention of tumor formation in an experimental model.