Immediate dilation of a tight or stenotic cervix by intra-procedural administration of hyoscine butylbromide: A clinical trial.

Background: Cervical dilation is indicated prior to performing various gynecological procedures. However, gynecologists are at times confronted with a stenotic or tight cervix, resistant to dilation. This can be problematic particularly when cervical ripening has not been attempted hours before the start of the procedure.

Auditing the appropriateness of cesarean delivery using the Robson classification among women experiencing a maternal near miss.

Objective: To evaluate appropriateness of cesarean delivery and cesarean delivery-related morbidity among maternal near misses (MNMs) using the Robson ten-group classification system.

Methods: In the present audit study, medical records were assessed for women who experienced MNM and underwent cesarean delivery at three university hospitals in Tehran, Iran, between March 1, 2012, and May 1, 2014. Local auditors assessed cesarean delivery indications and morbidity experienced.

Afghan migrants face more suboptimal care than natives: a maternal near-miss audit study at university hospitals in Tehran, Iran.

Background: Women from low-income settings have higher risk of maternal near miss (MNM) and suboptimal care than natives in high-income countries. Iran is the second largest host country for Afghan refugees in the world. Our aim was to investigate whether care quality for MNM differed between Iranians and Afghans and identify potential preventable attributes of MNM.

Assessing the efficacy of vaginal hyoscine butyl bromide on cervical ripening prior to intrauterine procedures: A double-blinded clinical trial.

Background: Unripe cervix prevents entering the endometrial cavity during intrauterine procedures. Mechanical dilatation of cervical canal might cause undesirable complications.

Objective: To investigate the substitute of mechanical intervention with chemical treatment by administering hyoscine to patients.

Maternal near-miss at university hospitals with cesarean overuse: an incident case-control study.

Introduction: Cesarean section carries a substantial risk of maternal near-miss morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, causes, risk factors, and perinatal outcomes of maternal near-miss at three university hospitals with a high rate of cesarean section in Tehran, Iran.

Material And Methods: An incident case-control study was conducted from March 2012 to May 2014.

Cervical Priming by Misoprostol before Diagnostic Dilatation and Curettage: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Difficulty in cervical dilatation is a hard situation during the procedure of diagnostic dilatation and curettage in some cases. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of vaginal misoprostol for cervical priming before diagnostic dilatation and curettage.

Methods: In this study 56 women were selected as the candidates for dilatation and curettage.

The effect of progesterone suppositories on threatened abortion: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Threatened abortion is a common complication of pregnancy. In order to prevent miscarriage in the cases with threatened abortion, this study was conducted to determine whether progesterone suppository is effective in allowing pregnancy to proceed beyond week 20 in women with threatened abortion.

Methods: This single-blind clinical trial study was done on 60 pregnant women with threatened abortion.

Diagnosis of premature rupture of membranes by assessment of urea and creatinine in vaginal washing fluid.

Background: Rupture of fetal membranes can occur at any gestational age. Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) means rupture of fetal membranes before the onset of labor.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the reliability of the vaginal washing fluid urea and creatinine for the diagnosis of PROM and to determine cut-off values.

Outcome of subsequent pregnancies in familial molar pregnancy.

Familial recurrent molar pregnancy is an exceedingly rare condition, in which complete hydatidiform moles are mostly diploid but biparental in origin and the outcome of subsequent pregnancies is likely to be a hydatidiform mole or other type of reproductive loss. We previously reported a case of familial molar pregnancy (family K) comprising five affected members (four sisters and one of their cousins) each with at least one hydatidiform mole (HM). In addition to the molar pregnancies, these patients have a total of three miscarriages and 8 normal pregnancies leading to healthy children; but the youngest member of this family has given birth to a boy with Down syndrome.

Mutations in NLRP7 and KHDC3L confer a complete hydatidiform mole phenotype on digynic triploid conceptions.

Digynic triploidy is classically associated with a severely growth restricted fetus and a small nonmolar placenta. However, in genotyping hydatidiform moles as part of clinical practice, we identified two digynic triploid conceptions presenting with histopathological features of classical complete hydatidiform mole (CHM). Both cases occurred in women with a history of previous molar pregnancies and no normal pregnancies.

Maternal and neonatal complications of substance abuse in Iranian pregnant women.

There is an increased prevalence of maternal substance abuse during pregnancy in younger women in all socioeconomic classes and races. Our aim was to determine the prevalence and correlates of self-reported substance abuse among pregnant women and obstetric complications or neonatal outcomes in Iran. This retrospective cohort study is covering a five year period on medical records of pregnant women attending the maternity unit of four major hospitals (Mahdieh, Taleghani, Imam Hossein and Akbarabadi Hospitals).

Mutations causing familial biparental hydatidiform mole implicate c6orf221 as a possible regulator of genomic imprinting in the human oocyte.

Familial biparental hydatidiform mole (FBHM) is the only known pure maternal-effect recessive inherited disorder in humans. Affected women, although developmentally normal themselves, suffer repeated pregnancy loss because of the development of the conceptus into a complete hydatidiform mole in which extraembryonic trophoblastic tissue develops but the embryo itself suffers early demise. This developmental phenotype results from a genome-wide failure to correctly specify or maintain a maternal epigenotype at imprinted loci.

Evaluation of bone mineral density in premature ovarian failure.

This study was performed to evaluate whether or not early menopause and premature ovarian failure can cause an increased risk of osteoporosis. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the 2nd and 4th lumbar spine as well as femoral neck in 29 cases with secondary amenorrhea were compared with a reference data using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry on a bone densitometer: Serum levels of luteinizing hormone, follicular stimulating hormone, calcium and phosphorus were also measured. Both in 20-29 years and in 30-39 years, BMD were significantly lower than their normal range as compared with a reference data from a large study of the same population (P value<0.

A survey of sued physicians' self-reported reactions to malpractice litigation in Iran.

Objective: To illustrate the psychological effect of grievances and negligence litigation on doctors sued by Legal Medicine Organization Complaints Commissions.

Methods: Retrospective survey regarding the views of a large sample of Iranian sued physicians by using a piloted anonymous questionnaire.

Results: The answer rate was 77.

Asymptomatic bacteriuria in users of intrauterine devices.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria in women who use intrauterine devices (IUDs) as a contraceptive method with subjects who use tubal ligation (TL).

Materials And Methods: A cohort study was conducted on women who were candidates for IUD insertion or TL (control). The patients were followed for 3 months, and urine cultures were assessed for bacteriuria at the end of the study.

Menstrual disorders in nongenital tuberculosis.

Menstrual patterns differ even in nongenital tuberculosis. Our objective is to determine whether nongenital tuberculosis makes menstrual dysfunction, before and sustain after treatment. Menstrual patterns were compared in women with pulmonary or extrapulmonary but nongenital tuberculosis with healthy nursing students and also with themselves, before and after treatment in a retrospective cohort study.

Intrauterine diagnosis and management of fetal goitrous hypothyroidism: a report of an Iranian family with three consecutive pregnancies complicated by fetal goiter.

The diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism during the fetal period may decrease perinatal morbidity and are believed to be important to optimize growth and intellectual development. Herewith a case report of fetal goitrous hypothyroidism is presented in a euthyroid mother, detected at 34 weeks' gestation by ultrasonography, and treated with intra-amniotic levothyroxine injections. The mother had two previous consecutive pregnancies (13 and 8 years ago), also complicated by the occurrence of fetal goiter, resulting in tracheal compression, asphyxia, and early neonatal death in the first and in an emergency cesarean section delivery, because of fetal malpresentation, in the second neonate affected by congenital hypothyroidism (CH).

Postmenopausal bleeding resulting from placental site trophoblastic tumor of the uterus: a case report.

Background: Placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) is the least common form of gestational trophoblastic disease. Occurrence of PSTT after menopause is extremely rare.

Case: A 53-year-old woman complained of postmenopausal bleeding 6 years after cessation of her menstrual periods.