Cigarette Smoking and Health-related Quality of Life in the General Population of Iran: Independent Associations According to Gender.

Background: Associations between smoking and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the general population remain unclear. The aim of the study was to quantify the independent associations between smoking and HRQoL.

Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on a total sample of 2197 participants obtained by multistage sampling to investigate the associations between smoking and HRQoL in the general population of southeast and southwest of Iran, aged 18-100 years in 2012-2013.

Complementary health insurance, out- of- pocket expenditures, and health services utilization: A population- based survey.

Studies have shown that people using complementary health insurances have more access to health services than others. In the present study, we aimed at finding the differences between out- of- pocket payments and health service utilizations in complementary health insurances (CHIs) users and nonusers. Propensity score matching was used to compare the 2 groups.