Survival Rates among Co-infected Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Tuberculosis in Tehran, Iran.

Background: The number of deaths related with co-infection of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV remains inappropriately high worldwide. TB is anticipated to be the major reason of HIV-related deaths globally. This study aimed to find out and evaluate the characteristics of the possible risk factors influencing the survival time of co-infected patients with HIV/TB in Tehran the capital of Iran.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the FOXP3 gene are associated with increased risk of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Background: Although Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune multifactorial disease with unknown etiology, various genetic and environmental factors are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.

Objective: Recent studies have confirmed that the suppressive function of regulatory T cells (T (reg)) is impaired in MS patients and that the FOXP3 gene is a crucial transcription factor in the regulation of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Treg cells. Polymorphisms in the promoter region of the FOXP3 gene may alter the gene expression level and, therefore, contribute to the disease susceptibility.

Frequency of viral infections and environmental factors in multiple sclerosis.

Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complicated disease which occurs due to relationship between genes and environmental factors that causes tissue damage by autoimmune mechanisms.We investigated and illustrated the hypotheses correlated to the evidence of several putative environmental risk factors for MS onset and progression in this part of Iran.

Materials And Methods: Univariate logistic regression was used to detect the effects of environmental factors on the risk of MS.

Individual Factors of Social Acceptance in Patients Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) at the Yazd Behavioral Consultation Center in Iran.

Background: A considerable number of patients infected with HIV also have mental health problems. Individual psychotherapy is an effective way to treat these issues. Lack of social acceptance is a barrier to patients receiving proper medication and emotional/psychological support.

Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus and its relation with persistence or clearance of infection in Hamadan, West-Iran.

Background And Objectives: Hepatitis C Virus genotyping appears to be vital for predicting the response to antiviral therapy. The present study aimed to analyze the HCV genotypes in relation to persistence or clearance of the virus in residents of Hamadan Province, West-Iran.

Material And Methods: A total of 1159 recorded questionnaires of HCV infected people were evaluated in this prospective study.

Survival rates of human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis co-infected patients.

Background: At present, limited clinical data is available regarding survival rates of patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/tuberculosis (TB) in developing countries.

Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of HIV infection on the survival chances of active TB adults who disclosed their symptoms of TB in this part of Iran.

Patients And Methods: The records and data of 807 patients only infected with TB and 21 co-infected patients with HIV/TB, who were admitted to primary health care units in Iran, were evaluated.

The Effect of Aqueous Extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra on Herpes Simplex Virus 1.

Background: Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) resistance to drugs and the side effects of drugs have drawn the attention of investigators to herbal plants.

Objectives: The main aim of the current research was to investigate the effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra (liquorice root) on HSV-1. One of the objectives of the current research was to determine the efficacy and the effect of the elapsed incubation time of treating the Vero cells infected with HSV-1 by G.

The assessment of affected factors on cytomegalovirus and rubella virus prevalence in females in Hamadan, Iran.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and rubella are considered as dangerous viral infections to the fetus. The findings of this research can clear the possible progress made thus far toward prevention in this part of the country. The data of all referees to genetic center of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Hamadan, including the rubella and CMV tests were recorded in questionnaires and analyzed by logistic regression models.

Herpes simplex virus encephalitis in hamadan, iran.

Background And Objectives: Encephalitis can cause a severe public health problem. The main aim of this research was to evaluate the medical laboratory results of patients with Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) encephalitis.

Materials And Methods: Diagnosis of encephalitis for these patients was firstly based on a clinical profile for Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (HSE), plus either a detected HSV1&2-DNA by PCR in CSF or brain neuro-imaging results.

Bacteriophage: time to re-evaluate the potential of phage therapy as a promising agent to control multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Nowadays the most difficult problem in treatment of bacterial infections is the appearance of resistant bacteria to the antimicrobial agents so that the attention is being drawn to other potential targets. In view of the positive findings of phage therapy, many advantages have been mentioned which utilizes phage therapy over chemotherapy and it seems to be a promising agent to replace the antibiotics. This review focuses on an understanding of phages for the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases as a new alternative treatment of infections caused by multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria.

Prediction of time to recurrence and influencing factors for gastric cancer in Iran.

Background: The patterns of gastric cancer recurrence vary across societies. We designed the current study in an attempt to evaluate and reveal the outbreak of the recurrence patterns of gastric cancer and also prediction of time to recurrence and its effected factors in Iran.

Materials And Methods: This research was performed from March 2003 to February 2007.

An epidemiologic study of animal bites in Ilam Province, Iran.

Background: In Iran, the number of stray dogs in cities and villages necessitates epidemiologic investigations. This study has undertaken an epidemiologic survey in Ilam, Iran with regard to animal bites during 1999-2009.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study.

The Effect of GBV-C Infection on CD4 Count and Viral Loads in Patients Infected With HIV.

Background: The picture that has emerged from studies investigating HIV infected people with GBV-C viremia is that they have lower plasma HIV viral loads in comparison with HIV-positive people who did not have the GBV-C viremia.

Objectives: Since GBV-C HIV coinfection has not been studied in Iran, we have designed a survey to study the outcomes of GBV-C infection on HIV infected individuals.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed 78 serum samples from HIV-positive patients in Tehran.

Needlestick and sharp object injuries among health care workers in Hamadan Province, Iran.

Introduction: Exposure to septic fluids through mucus and needlestick injuries is of great concern among health care workers (HCWs). The purpose of this study was to acquire epidemiological data, including occupation, level of education, and mode of exposure, in HCWs.

Methods: The data on this group was gathered during 6 months and analyzed using SPSS version 16.

Prognostic impact of risk factors in patients with gastric cancer in Iran.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one the most common causes of death worldwide. Despite the decreasing rate of GC in the world through recent years, it is still the most common cancer in men and the fourth in the general population in Iran. This study aimed to assess the survival of patients with GC and to determine prognostic factors.

A study of HDV in HBsAg positive patients in Tabriz, Northwestern Iran.

Backgrounds And Aims: Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) is a defective ssRNA virus requiring the provision of hepatitis B virus (HBV) for packaging of new HDV virions. Since the epidemiological features of HDV in this part of Iran seem to be unknown, the aim of this research was to determine the seroprevalence of HDV of hepatitis B surface antigen positive (HBsAg+) in blood donors, injecting drug users, hemophiliacs, hemodialysis and thalassemic patients in the city of Tabriz in northwestern Iran.

Methods: The numbers of patients who were screened in the years 2006-2007 were 100 hemodialysis patients, 165 blood donors and 90 intravenous drug users, or a total of 355 patients who were HBsAg+ and randomly selected at the Tabriz Regional Educational Blood Center.

Epidemiologic study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Infection in the patients referred to health centers in Hamadan province, Iran.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the most important infectious diseases threatening the world's population today. The main aim of this study was to assess the epidemiologic features of HIV/AIDS from January 1989 to March 2007 in Hamadan province, Iran. In a cross-sectional study, epidemiodemographic characteristics of HIV/AIDS-positive patients during a period of 17 years were collected from health centers in Hamadan province.

The effect of garlic consumption on Th1/Th2 cytokines in phytohemagglutinin (PHA) activated rat spleen lymphocytes.

The balance and regulation of T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2-type cytokines are important in the effective immune response to different diseases. To clarify the effect of garlic (Allium sativum L.) consumption on the Th1/Th2 balance, the secretion of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4), as two prototypes of Th1/Th2 cytokines, were compared in serum and supernatant of in vitro phytohemagglutinin activated rat spleen lymphocytes.

The full length hepatitis C virus polyprotein and interactions with the interferon-beta signalling pathways in vitro.

Background: Hepatitis C is a global health problem. The exact mechanisms by which hepatitis C virus (HCV) can evade the host immune system have become controversial. Whether HCV polyproteins modulate IFN signalling pathways or HCV proteins are responsible for such a property is the subject of interest.

Designing E1 deleted adenoviral vector by homologous recombination.

Background: Adenoviruses are used extensively to deliver genes into mammalian cells, particularly where there is a requirement for high-level expression of transgene products in cultured cells, or for use as recombinant viral vaccines or in gene therapy. In spite of their usefulness, the construction of adenoviral vectors (AdV) is a cumbersome and lengthy process that is not readily amenable to the generation of large collection of clones.

Methods: In this project, to delete E1 gene in adenovirus, an adenoviral plasmid containing lateral sites of E1 region of adenovirus was made and recombination in the 293A cells between the homologous region of this linearized plasmid and the adenovirus genome resulted in the formation of the complete adenoviral recombinant.