First branchial cleft fistula associated with external auditory canal stenosis and middle ear cholesteatoma.

Introduction: First branchial cleft anomalies manifest with duplication of the external auditory canal.

Case Report: This report features a rare case of microtia and congenital middle ear and canal cholesteatoma with first branchial fistula. External auditory canal stenosis was complicated by middle ear and external canal cholesteatoma, but branchial fistula, opening in the zygomatic root and a sinus in the helical root, may explain this feature.

A prospective study of the safety of tracheal extubation using endotracheal ventilation catheter in patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery.

Objective: To assess the use of endotracheal ventilation catheter for extubation of patients who underwent maxillofacial surgery.

Methods: Sixty patients who underwent maxillofacial surgery were enrolled in this study from September 2004 to October 2006 in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tabriz, Iran. They were randomized to 2, 30-person groups.