Completing the pieces of a puzzle: in-depth probing of rhoptry protein 4 as a promising target for vaccination using an approach.

The present study aimed to evaluate the key characteristics of rhoptry protein 4 (TgROP4), including physicochemical parameters, structural features, immunogenic epitopes, and virtual immune simulation, using several bioinformatics-based servers and tools. Based on allergenicity and antigenicity outputs, the TgROP4 protein seemed to have an immunogenic and non-allergenic nature. The quality of the three-dimensional (3D) structure improved after refinement, according to the outcomes of the Ramachandran plot and the ProSA-web servers.

In Silico Analysis of the ROP29 Protein as a Vaccine Candidate Against .

The progression of () invasion is aided by rhoptry proteins (ROPs), which are also crucial for the parasite's survival in host cells. In this study, in silico analysis was performed to examine the various aspects of the ROP29 protein, such as physicochemical properties, potential T- and B-cell epitopes, and other significant features. The research revealed that there were 55 possible sites for posttranslational modification in the ROP29 protein.

Seroprevalence of spp. in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Toxocariasis is an important health problem caused by the parasitic species () and (). Prevalence of toxocariasis in pregnant women as a vulnerable population is doubly important, and the aim of this study is to estimate the overall prevalence of toxocariasis infection in pregnant women according to the available reports.

Methods: The present study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklists.

seroprevalence in the Iranian blood donors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The present systematic review and meta-analysis was done to assess the rate of () exposure among Iranian healthy blood donors.

Methods: We searched four English (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct) and two Persian databases (Magiran and SID) as well as Google Scholar as a specialized article search engine using specific keywords for relevant papers from the inception up to November 30, 2023.

Results: In total, 19 studies enrolling 8226 apparently healthy blood donors were examined regarding -specific IgG and/or IgM antibodies, among which 2666 [32.

Seroprevalence and Potential Risk Factors of Toxocariasis among General Population in Southwest Iran: Implications on the One Health Approach.

Toxocariasis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases distributed worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of anti- immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and the associated risk factors among general populations living in urban and rural areas of Abadan and Khorramshahr cities in Khuzestan Province, Southwest Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and September 2022.

Intestinal parasites and diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Investigating the association between infectious agents and non-communicable diseases is an interesting emerging field of research. Intestinal parasites (IPs) are one of the causes of gastrointestinal complications, malnutrition, growth retardation and disturbances in host metabolism, which can play a potential role in metabolic diseases such as diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of IPs in diabetic patients and the association between IPs and diabetes.

Global prevalence of Trichinella in pigs: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Investigating the global epidemiological patterns of Trichinella in pigs is required for accurate recognition and to establishing proper control programmes and preventive measures, as well as to decrease human exposure.

Objectives: To obtain a better understanding of the global prevalence of Trichinella in domestic pigs and factors that might influence the prevalence, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed.

Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed.

Co-infections of spp. and Malaria with Hepatitis Viruses from Endemic Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Co-infection of schistosomiasis and malaria with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are common in countries where schistosomiasis and malaria are endemic.

Objective: The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the prevalence of malaria/hepatitis viruses and Schistosoma/hepatitis viruses' co-infections.

Materials And Methods: Relevant published studies on the co-infection of malaria and Schistosoma spp.

Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxocara canis infection in children aged 2-15 years from the southwest Iran.

Human toxocariasis (HT) is one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases with a worldwide distribution. There is no epidemiological study showing the seroprevalence of toxocariasis among children in southwest Iran, Khuzestan Province. Accordingly, this study was designed to estimate the seroprevalence of Toxocara canis (T.

Synergistic Anti-Leishmanial Activities of Morphine and Imiquimod on (MCAN/ES/98/LIM-877).

Background: This study was performed to evaluate in vitro and in vivo Leishmanicidal potential of morphine (Mph), imiquimod (IQ), and their combination

Methods: promastigote and amastigote assays were performed at the presence of 0.015-150μM Mph, 0.04-416μM IQ, and their combination.

The prevalence of human trichuriasis in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Trichuriasis is one of the most common soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections, affecting populations globally. The condition is particularly prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas with low levels of sanitation and poor living conditions. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the prevalence of Trichuris trichiura infection in Asia at the country and region level.

Detection of Acute and Chronic Infection among Women with History of Abortion in the Southwest of Iran.

Background: () is one of the most common intracellular protozoan parasites, which can infect humans and a wide range of mammals and birds. The current study is aimed at investigating the occurrence of infection in women with a history of abortion in Khuzestan, Iran.

Materials And Methods: A total of 480 women with an abortion history, as well as 200 pregnant women with a normal delivery, were examined in this study.

Immunoinformatic Analysis of Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 7 (CDPK7) Showed Potential Targets for Vaccine.

Apicomplexan parasites, including (), express different types of calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), which perform a variety of functions, including attacking and exiting the host cells. In the current bioinformatics study, we have used several web servers to predict the basic features and specifications of the CDPK7 protein. The findings showed that CDPK7 protein has 2133 amino acid residues with an average molecular weight (MW) of 219085.

Predicting the environmental suitability for onchocerciasis in Africa as an aid to elimination planning.

Recent evidence suggests that, in some foci, elimination of onchocerciasis from Africa may be feasible with mass drug administration (MDA) of ivermectin. To achieve continental elimination of transmission, mapping surveys will need to be conducted across all implementation units (IUs) for which endemicity status is currently unknown. Using boosted regression tree models with optimised hyperparameter selection, we estimated environmental suitability for onchocerciasis at the 5 × 5-km resolution across Africa.

Prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis in the immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Strongyloidiasis is a neglected tropical disease mostly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. The current study evaluated the prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis in immunocompetent and immunodeficient patients in Iran. The available online literature published from June 1994 to October 2020 was obtained from multiple English databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar) and four Persian databases (Magiran, Iran Medex, Iran Doc and SID).

Detection of Anti- IgG and IgM Antibodies and Associated Risk Factors during Pregnancy in Southwest Iran.

Background: This research was aimed at evaluating the seroprevalence of acute and chronic () infection in pregnant women and related risk factors in southwest Iran.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, eighty-eight pregnant women were included from October 2019 to December 2019. The presence of anti- IgM and IgG antibodies was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

The Probable Association between Chronic Infection and Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study.

Purpose: The probable association between () infection and diabetes mellitus (DM) is still controversial, and there are several studies with conflicting results. Thus, this study was performed to assess the possible association between chronic infection and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and T2DM.

Methods: In this case-control study, a total of 105 diabetic subjects including 36 patients with T1DM and 69 patients with T2DM were recruited.

Global prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in cats: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The One-Health approach highlights that the health of human populations is closely connected to the health of animals and their shared environment. Cryptosporidiosis is an opportunistic zoonotic disease considering as global public health concern. Cats are considered as one of potential host for transmitting the Cryptosporidium spp.

Fe3O4@Bio-MOF Nanoparticles Combined with Artemisinin, Glucantime®, or Shark Cartilage Extract on Iranian Strain of (MRHO/IR/75/ER): An In-Vitro and In-Vivo Study.

Background: In the present study, we examined the effects of Fe3O4@bio-MOF nanoparticle (Nano-FO) plus artemisinin (Art) and glucantime (Glu) or shark cartilage extract (ShCE) on in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: This experimental study was conducted at the laboratory of Department of Parasitology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran during 2016-2017. The promastigote and amastigote assays were performed were conducted at the presence of 3.

Bioinformatics analysis of calcium-dependent protein kinase 4 (CDPK4) as Toxoplasma gondii vaccine target.

Objectives: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), an obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite, could affect numerous warm-blooded animals, such as humans. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are essential Ca signaling mediators and participate in parasite host cell egress, outer membrane motility, invasion, and cell division.

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients undergoing hemodialysis and healthy group.

Objectives: In this study, the seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) specific antibodies in patients undergoing hemodialysis compared to the control group were evaluated. In this case-control study, 200 hemodialysis patients (HDP) and 100 healthy controls were participated.

Toxoplasma oocysts in the soil of public places worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic and cosmopolitan infection. Although a few studies have evaluated the prevalence of Toxoplasma oocysts in the soil of public places, the present study was conducted to provide insights into environmental contamination levels and its potential transmission to humans on a global scale. A systematic search was conducted using bibliographic databases through 30 August 2020.

In-depth computational analysis of calcium-dependent protein kinase 3 of provides promising targets for vaccination.

Purpose: The calcium-dependent protein kinase-3 (CDPK3) is a key enzyme for parasite egress, control of calcium-dependent permeabilization in parasitophorous vacuole membrane and tissue cyst formation. In this study, we comprehensively explored the bioinformatics features of this protein to improve vaccine design against .

Materials And Methods: Various web servers were employed for the analysis of physico-chemical properties, post-translational modifications, localization in the subcellular milieu, secondary and tertiary structures, as well as B-cell, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-binding and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes.