Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes in patients with superior oblique muscle palsy: a retrospective study on 1057 patients.

Background: To evaluate the clinical findings of patients with SOP who underwent surgery.

Methods: This historical cohort study was performed on 1057 SOP patients managed with surgery in Farabi Hospital, Iran, from 2011 to 2022.

Results: There were 990 (93.

Vessel Density Features of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography for Classification of Glaucoma Using Machine Learning.

Prcis: Machine learning (ML) based on the optical coherence tomography angiography vessel density features with different thresholds using a support vector machine (SVM) model provides excellent performance for glaucoma detection.

Background: To assess the classification performance of ML based on the 4 vessel density features of peripapillary optical coherence tomography angiography for glaucoma detection.

Methods: Images from 119 eyes of 119 glaucoma patients and 76 eyes of 76 healthy individuals were included.

Disagreement of Radial Peripapillary Capillary Density Among Four Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Devices.

Purpose: This prospective study evaluated the agreement among four optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) devices in the assessment of radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) density.

Methods: The study included 48 eyes of 48 subjects (14 healthy, 19 glaucomatous, and 15 non-glaucomatous optic neuropathy). Each participant was scanned using four OCTA devices in a random sequence: RTVue XR Avanti (RTVue), DRI OCT Triton (Triton), Revo NX 130 (Revo), and PLEX Elite 9000 (PlexE).

Vessel Density Features of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography for Classification of Optic Neuropathies Using Machine Learning.

Background: To evaluate the classification performance of machine learning based on the 4 vessel density features of peripapillary optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) for classifying healthy, nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), and optic neuritis (ON) eyes.

Methods: Forty-five eyes of 45 NAION patients, 32 eyes of 32 ON patients, and 76 eyes of 76 healthy individuals with optic nerve head OCT-A were included. Four vessel density features of OCT-A images were developed using a threshold-based segmentation method and were integrated in 3 models of machine learning classifiers.

Correction of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Measurement on Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomographic Images Using U-net Architecture.

Purpose: In this study, an algorithm based on deep learning was presented to reduce the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) segmentation errors in spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans using ophthalmologists' manual segmentation as a reference standard.

Methods: In this study, we developed an image segmentation network based on deep learning to automatically identify the RNFL thickness from B-scans obtained with SD-OCT. The scans were collected from Farabi Eye Hospital (500 B-scans were used for training, while 50 were used for testing).

Differentiating Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy From Non-glaucomatous Optic Neuropathies Using Deep Learning Algorithms.

Purpose: A deep learning framework to differentiate glaucomatous optic disc changes due to glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) from non-glaucomatous optic disc changes due to non-glaucomatous optic neuropathies (NGONs).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Method: A deep-learning system was trained, validated, and externally tested to classify optic discs as normal, GON, or NGON, using 2183 digital color fundus photographs.

Hemi-central retinal artery occlusion following methanol toxicity.

Objective: To describe a patient with hemi-retinal artery occlusion following methanol toxicity.

Methods: Observational case report.

Results: We report a case presented with an acute altitudinal visual field loss in the right eye following consumption of illicit alcoholic drink.

Measurement of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness with a deep learning algorithm in ischemic optic neuropathy and optic neuritis.

This work aims at determining the ability of a deep learning (DL) algorithm to measure retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness from optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and demyelinating optic neuritis (ON). The training/validation dataset included 750 RNFL OCT B-scans. Performance of our algorithm was evaluated on 194 OCT B-scans from 70 healthy eyes, 82 scans from 28 NAION eyes, and 84 scans of 29 ON eyes.

Clinical characteristics and surgical approach in Duane retraction syndrome: a study of 691 patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical findings of different types of Duane retraction syndrome (DRS).

Study Design: Retrospective.

Methods: This study was performed on 691 patients with DRS who underwent surgery.

Parapapillary choroidal microvascular density in acute primary angle-closure and primary open-angle glaucoma: an optical coherence tomography angiography study.

Back Ground/aims: To determine whether parapapillary choroidal microvasculature (PPCMv) density, measured by optical coherence tomography angiography, differed between acute primary angle-closure (APAC), primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and controls.

Methods: This is a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. Data from 149 eyes from two academic referral centres were analysed.

Follow-up of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy With Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Background: Peripapillary and macular microvasculature alterations after nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) have been investigated in several studies. We aimed to explore the vascular changes from acute NAION (aNAION) to chronic NAION (cNAION).

Methods: This prospective observational study composed of 16 eyes with aNAION and 40 healthy age-matched controls.

Effect of Smoking on Retinal Thickness and Vascular Density in Thyroid Eye Disease.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of smoking on retinal thickness and macular and peripapillary vascular density in thyroid eye disease (TED).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, subjects diagnosed with TED were analyzed in three groups: smokers, passive smokers, and non-smokers. Ganglion cell complex thickness, total retinal thickness, macular superficial vascular plexus densities, deep vascular plexus densities, optic nerve head, and radial peripapillary capillary density were measured in each group.

Peripapillary Perfused Capillary Density in Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study.

Purpose: To compare peripapillary perfused capillary density (PCD) on optical coherence tomography angiography among resolved acute angle-closure (AAC), primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), and control eyes.

Design: Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study.

Methods: All patients with resolved AAC or POAG of varying severity and controls were enrolled.

Automated Evaluation of Parapapillary Choroidal Microvasculature in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma.

Objective: To determine whether parapapillary choroidal microvasculature (PPCMv) density as measured by optical coherence tomography angiography differs between pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: One hundred ninety-two eyes of 120 subjects from 2 academic referral institutions were enrolled.

Optic nerve head vessel density in different stages of pseudoexfoliation disease.

Purpose: To evaluate the superficial vascular density of the optic nerve head in different stages of pseudoexfoliation disease using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 57 normal eyes, 41 eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS), 82 eyes with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) and 27 non-glaucomatous fellow eyes of PXG (NL-PXG) that had OCTA were included. Circumpapillary RNFL (cpRNFL) thickness and circumpapillary capillary density (cpCD) were compared among the groups after adjusting for confounders using linear-mixed model.

Optical coherence tomography angiography in glaucoma.

Assessment of the vasculature within the optic nerve, peripapillary superficial retina, macula, and peripapillary choroid can be determined in glaucoma using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Decreased perfusion within the pre-laminar layer of the optic nerve has been correlated with glaucoma severity. The peripapillary superficial retinal vessel density allows diagnosis and detection of glaucoma progression in a manner similar to the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.

Neuroprotective Effect of Intravitreal Single-Dose Lithium Chloride after Optic Nerve Injury in Rats.

Objective: Lithium is an old drug to control bipolar disorder. Moreover, it presents neuroprotective effects and supports neuronal plasticity. The aim of this study was to evaluate neuroprotective effect of intravitreal lithium after optic nerve injury.

Erratum: Retinal image mosaicking using scale-invariant feature transformation feature descriptors and Voronoi diagram (Erratum).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1117/1.JMI.

Retinal image mosaicking using scale-invariant feature transformation feature descriptors and Voronoi diagram.

Peripheral retinal lesions substantially increase the risk of diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity. The peripheral changes can be visualized in wide field imaging, which is obtained by combining multiple images with an overlapping field of view using mosaicking methods. However, a robust and accurate registration of mosaicking techniques for normal angle fundus cameras is still a challenge due to the random selection of matching points and execution time.

Young Adults With Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy: A Multicenter Optic Disc Drusen Study.

Purpose: Optic disc drusen (ODD), present in 2% of the general population, have occasionally been reported in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION). The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of ODD in young patients with NA-AION.

Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional multicenter study.

Artificial Intelligence to Detect Papilledema from Ocular Fundus Photographs.

Background: Nonophthalmologist physicians do not confidently perform direct ophthalmoscopy. The use of artificial intelligence to detect papilledema and other optic-disk abnormalities from fundus photographs has not been well studied.

Methods: We trained, validated, and externally tested a deep-learning system to classify optic disks as being normal or having papilledema or other abnormalities from 15,846 retrospectively collected ocular fundus photographs that had been obtained with pharmacologic pupillary dilation and various digital cameras in persons from multiple ethnic populations.

Effect of phenytoin on retinal ganglion cells in acute isolated optic neuritis.

Objective: Phenytoin has been shown to reduce the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) loss in optic neuritis (ON). We evaluated the effects of phenytoin on retinal ganglion layers and visual outcomes of newly diagnosed acute ON.

Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in a tertiary referral eye hospital and patients with the first episode of typical demyelinating ON, without any history of multiple sclerosis were randomly assigned to phenytoin or placebo.

Automated Evaluation of Parapapillary Choroidal Microvasculature in Ischemic Optic Neuropathy and Open Angle Glaucoma.

Purpose: To determine whether parapapillary choroidal microvasculature (PPCMv) density as measured by optical coherence tomography angiography differs between nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods: Thirty-seven eyes with chronic NAION, 34 unaffected fellow eyes with NAION, 47 moderate and severe POAG eyes, and 54 healthy control subjects were evaluated. Automated PPCMv density was calculated using custom Matlab software in inner and outer annuli around the optic nerve region in addition to peripapillary superficial retinal vessels.