Effect of Multiple Intraperitoneal Injections of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Cuprizone Model of Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) elicit neuroprotective effects, and their repair ability has been investigated in different experimental models. We aimed to investigate the effect of multiple i.p.

The Mediating Role of A Adenosine Receptors in the Mitochondrial Pathway of Apoptotic Hippocampal Cell Death, Following the Administration of MDMA in Rat.

Introduction: The 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is a popular recreational drug and a major source of substance abuse, which ultimately leads to sensations of well-being, elation and euphoria, moderate derealization/depersonalization, and cognitive disruptions, as well as intense sensory awareness. The mechanisms involved in memory impairment induced by MDMA are not completely understood.

Methods: The current study used 40 Sprague-Dawley rats, weighted 200 to 250 g.

Direct immunomodulatory influence of IFN-β on human astrocytoma cells.

Astrocytes actively play a pivotal role in inflammatory disease intensity of central nervous system especially multiple sclerosis (MS). Although IFN-β is a selective therapy for MS but the role of IFN-β in stimulating the astrocytes to produce cytokines is not clearly revealed. Therefore, it is encouraging to assess the modulatory role of IFN-β on astrocytes of brain tissue.

The in vitro effects of sodium salicylate on von Willebrand factor and C-reactive protein production by endothelial cells.

Objective: The role of inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers in the atherogenic process has been well recognized. The data have made both C-reactive protein (CRP) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) promising targets for the cardiovascular disease research and drug development. Inhibition of CRP and vWF synthesis, therefore, might be a potential therapeutic strategy.

TGF- β1-mediated apoptosis associated with SMAD-dependent mitochondrial Bcl-2 expression.

Background: Transforming growth factor (TGF) β1 can elicit various cellular responses, including inhibition of cell growth, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. In addition, TGF-β1 is able to induce apoptosis in certain lymphomas.

Methods: In the present study, the role of SMADs, Bax, Bcl-xl, and Bcl2 was characterized in 2 B-lymphoma cell lines, Burkitt and pre-B cell.

Effects of TGF-β and b-FGF on the potential of peripheral blood-borne stem cells and bone marrow-derived stem cells in wound healing in a murine model.

Peripheral blood fibrocytes make up a newly identified leukocyte subpopulation that displays fibroblast-like properties. These blood-borne cells can rapidly enter the site of injury at the same time as circulating inflammatory cells. Marrow stroma includes a subpopulation of undifferentiated cells that are capable of becoming one of a number of phenotypes, including chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, and fibroblasts.

NPHS2 mutations in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.

Introduction: Congenital nephrotic syndrome may be caused by mutations in NPHS1 and NPHS2, which encode nephrin and podocin, respectively. Since the identification of the NPHS2 gene, various investigators have demonstrated that its mutation is an important cause of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. We aimed to evaluate frequency and spectrum of podocin mutations in the Iranian children with steroid-resistant nephritic syndrome.

Genotype and allele frequencies of N-acetyltransferase 2 and glutathione S-transferase in the Iranian population.

1. Xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes constitute an important line of defence against a variety of carcinogens. Many are polymorphic, constituting the basis for the wide interindividual variation in metabolic capacity and possibly a source of variation in the susceptibility to chemical-induced carcinogenesis.

Involvement of PPAR-gamma and p53 in DHA-induced apoptosis in Reh cells.

Docosahexaenoeic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that is found in fish oil and exerts cytotoxic effect on a variety of cell lines. The molecular target, responsible for mediating this effect of DHA, still remains unknown. In this report, we presented experimental evidences for the role of PPAR-gamma in conveying the cytotoxic effect of DHA.

Study of correlation between lead-induced cytotoxicity and nitric oxide production in PC12 cells.

Despite reduction in its exposure, lead remains a major health problem. The primary target of lead toxicity is the central nervous system. The cellular, intracellular and molecular mechanisms of lead neurotoxicity are numerous, such as induction of apoptosis and interfering with Ca2+ dependent enzyme like nitric oxide synthase (NOS).

Investigation of acute lead poisoning on apoptosis in rat hippocampus in vivo.

Despite decades of study, the exact mechanism of action of lead, a potent neurotoxic agent, have not been fully elucidated. One of the suggested mechanism of lead neurotoxicity is apoptotic cell death. The present study sought to examine the effect of acute lead poisoning on apoptosis in rat hippocampus.