Publications by authors named "Mason S"

Delandistrogene moxeparvovec is an rAAVrh74 vector-based gene transfer therapy that delivers a transgene encoding delandistrogene moxeparvovec micro-dystrophin, an engineered, functional form of dystrophin shown to stabilize or slow disease progression in DMD. It is approved in the US and in other select countries. Two serious adverse event cases of immune-mediated myositis (IMM) were reported in the phase Ib ENDEAVOR trial (NCT04626674).

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  • - This study aimed to explore metabolic markers associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of South African children suffering from tuberculous meningitis (TBM) using advanced metabolomics techniques.
  • - Four key metabolites were found to distinguish TBM patients from controls: lower levels of mannose and arabinose, and higher levels of nonanoic acid and propanoic acid in the TBM group.
  • - The research suggests that nonanoic acid may be a novel M. tb-linked marker in TBM, while propanoic acid could indicate brain energy disruptions and inflammation; however, mannose and arabinose were not effective markers for M.
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Background: Outcome measurement is essential to progress clinical practice and improve patient care.

Aim: To develop a Core Outcome Set for best care for the dying person.

Design: We followed the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) Initiative guidelines, which involved identifying potential outcomes via a systematic literature review (n = 619 papers) and from participants in the "iLIVE" project (10 countries: 101 patients, 37 family members, 63 clinicians), followed by a two-round Delphi study, and a consensus meeting.

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  • Emergency doctors experience high levels of uncertainty due to limited patient information and time constraints, prompting a study on how 'uncertainty tolerance' (UT) affects their work.
  • A questionnaire was distributed among emergency doctors to develop a UT measure and analyze its impact on doctors' experience, patient outcomes, and resource utilization during encounters with specific medical issues.
  • Findings showed that higher UT is associated with better psychological well-being among doctors, such as increased resilience and lower burnout, but it did not significantly influence patient outcomes or resource usage.
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  • Mentoring is essential for professional identity formation (PIF), as it fosters personalized relationships and integrates program values, though its mechanisms remain unclear.
  • A systematic scoping review examined existing literature on mentoring support from 2000 to mid-2023, using rigorous methodology to analyze themes and categories.
  • Key findings highlight four domains vital to effective mentoring support: definitions and roles, personalisation, shepherding, and PIF, showcasing the importance of adapting mentoring approaches to meet individual mentee needs.
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Correction for 'Impacts of trace level chromium on formation of superoxide within uranyl triperoxide complexes' by Sarah K. Scherrer , , 2024, , 10584-10587, https://doi.org/10.

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Hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) is a widely used model protein in crystallographic studies and its enzymatic mechanism has been extensively investigated for decades. Despite this, the interaction between the reaction intermediate and the catalytic Asp52, as well as the orientation of Asn44 and Asn46 side chains, remain ambiguous. Here, we report the crystal structures of perdeuterated HEWL and DO buffer-exchanged HEWL from 0.

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  • * It tracked 554 participants from the LEAP study, who reported their shape and weight importance in adolescence and their body image during pregnancy and postpartum 20 years later.
  • * Results showed that greater emphasis on shape and weight in adolescence is linked to poorer body image during pregnancy and postpartum, suggesting the need for early prevention efforts and support for body image issues during the perinatal period.
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Background: Health care staff should be given the opportunity to participate in research, but recruiting clinicians via their employing organisation is not always straightforward or quick in the UK. Unlike many countries outside the UK, very low-risk survey, interview or focus group studies can be subject to some of the same governance approval procedures as interventional studies. An exemplar study carried out by the NIHR funded Palliative Care Research Partnership North West Coast is used to highlight the challenges still faced by researchers and health care organisations when setting up a low-risk staff study across multiple NHS and non-NHS sites.

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  • People often face cognitive challenges while sleep-deprived due to various obligations, which leads to different resilience levels among individuals.
  • The study examines the relationship between resilience to sleep deprivation and EEG functional network metrics like mean node strength and stability during a baseline period of good rest.
  • Results indicate that high mean node strength and stability correlate with resilience against sleep deprivation, but the same traits may contribute to vulnerability during natural sleep onset, revealing varying correlations over time.
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The use of archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples for biochemical analyses is problematic because of the formation of a Schiff base, leading to low protein and metabolite yields during analytical extractions. Here, we overcome this issue using a unified protocol on FFPE tissue for metabolomics and proteomics analyses. Using 20 mg of wet mass tissue, this protocol consistently extracted more than 50 metabolites (across 11 classes of metabolites) and over 900 proteins.

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Introduction: Community-level disadvantage is associated with reduced quality of life after burn injury. We evaluated the association between community-level disadvantage and return to work after burn injury.

Methods: A multicenter burn injury database was queried from 1998-2021.

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Understanding species' critical habitat requirements is crucial for effective conservation and management. However, such information can be challenging to obtain, particularly for highly mobile, wide-ranging species such as cetaceans. In the absence of systematic surveys, alternative economically viable methods are needed, such as the use of data collected from platforms of opportunity, and modelling techniques to predict species distribution in un-surveyed areas.

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The early accumulation of AD pathology such as Aβ and tau in cognitively normal older people is predictive of cognitive decline, but it has been difficult to dissociate the cognitive effects of these two proteins. Early Aβ and tau target distinct brain regions that have different functional roles. Here, we assessed specific longitudinal pathology-cognition associations in seventy-six cognitively normal older adults from the Berkeley Aging Cohort Study who underwent longitudinal PiB PET, FTP PET, and cognitive assessments.

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  • IgA vasculitis (IgAV) is a pediatric disease characterized by skin and systemic symptoms, and researchers conducted comprehensive studies involving genome, transcriptome, and proteome analyses on a large cohort of IgAV patients and controls to better understand the disease mechanisms.* -
  • Significant associations were found with specific genetic risk factors, including two novel non-HLA loci linked to IgA receptor functioning, which may contribute to disease development through altered immune responses.* -
  • Systems biology approaches helped identify key regulatory networks and master regulators in myeloid cells, along with 21 genetic loci that overlap with IgA nephropathy, suggesting shared pathways in these related conditions.*
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Background: Attempting to improve emergency care (EC) advanced clinical practitioner (ACP) training, Health Education England (HEE) South West (SW) implemented a pilot, whereby emergency departments (ED) were provided with enhanced funding and support to help ED consultants deliver teaching and supervision to EC ACPs to ensure more timely completion of EC ACP training compared with previous cohorts training in the region.We explored the experiences of trainee EC ACPs and consultant EC ACP leads working in EDs, which had implemented the new regional pilot.

Methods: We used a qualitative design to conduct semi-structured interviews with trainee EC ACPs and consultant EC ACP leads across five EDs that had implemented the HEE SW pilot.

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  • The study aimed to assess the long-term prevalence and risk factors of depression symptoms in individuals 10 years after a traumatic brain injury (TBI), comparing it with rates found at 10 weeks and 1 year post-injury.
  • Out of 1130 TBI patients initially recruited, follow-up at 10 years showed a decrease in depression prevalence from 56.3% at 10 weeks to 38.4%, though individual scores varied widely.
  • Key risk factors for long-term depression included lower Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, social deprivation, being female, having a history of psychiatric issues, alcohol use, and unemployment, while factors like age and ethnicity had no
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  • - Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a serious genetic condition linked to the absence of a protein called dystrophin, leading to severe mobility and respiratory problems, and is evaluated in the phase 3 EMBARK trial using a gene therapy called delandistrogene moxeparvovec.
  • - The trial involved boys aged 4 to 8 with DMD who received either the gene therapy or a placebo, but results showed no significant improvement in the primary measure of motor function (NSAA score) after 52 weeks.
  • - Although the primary endpoint wasn't met, some secondary measures did show improvement in muscle function and expression of micro-dystrophin, with a notable number of adverse events recorded but
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Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has reduced the mortality and morbidity associated with HIV. However, irrespective of treatment, people living with HIV remain at a higher risk of developing non-AIDS-associated diseases. In 2019, the World Health Organization recommended the transition from efavirenz (EFV)- to dolutegravir (DTG)-based ART.

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  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), particularly BORG, play significant roles in breast cancers but have been under-researched in large tumor cohorts and across different subtypes.
  • BORG expression is found to be elevated in breast tumors compared to normal tissues, with considerable variability in expression levels across tumor subtypes and even among tumors of the same subtype.
  • The study identifies BORG as a key factor linked to aggressive cancer pathways, especially in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC), suggesting it could drive the development of this aggressive tumor phenotype.
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Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) can have both tumour-promoting and tumour-suppressing activity in breast cancer. Elucidating the key downstream mediators of pro-tumorigenic TGF-β signalling in this context could potentially give rise to new therapeutic opportunities and/or identify biomarkers for anti-TGF-β directed therapy. Here, we identify (also known as innate immunity activator ) as a novel TGF-β target gene which is induced in a SMAD3-dependent but SMAD2/SMAD4-independent manner in human and murine cell lines.

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Although the World Health Organization's (WHO's) framework on social and structural determinants of health and health inequities (SSDHHI) has done much to raise awareness of these determinants, it does not go far enough in considerations of politics and power. The framework has become more de-politicized since its publication, with the definition of social determinants shifting toward downstream and individualized factors. In the meantime, new research fields on legal, commercial and political determinants of health and health inequities have emerged; however, these have not become integrated adequately into broader SSDHHI frameworks.

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