Instructions on appropriate fasting prior to phlebotomy; effects on patient awareness, preparation, and biochemical parameters.

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of appropriate pre-phlebotomy instructions on patients' awareness of the need to fast, their fasting status at phlebotomy, and the measurement of specific biochemical analytes and indices.

Methods: While booking their phlebotomy appointments, two-hundred outpatients, with a wide range of pre-existing medical conditions, were recruited and randomly assigned to either control or intervention groups. The control group received no instructions while the intervention group was verbally instructed to fast for precisely 12 h prior to their appointment.

Evaluation of Nutritional Characteristics Reveals Similar Prevalence of Malnutrition in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with an increased risk of malnutrition and sarcopenia.

Aims: To evaluate the nutritional status of patients with IBD and determine the threshold values of different parameters of nutritional assessment to identify malnutrition.

Methods: This was a single-centre cross-sectional analysis of adult patients with IBD [ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD)] who underwent anthropometry [body mass index (BMI), mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) and triceps-fold thickness (TSF)], body composition analysis and assessment for sarcopenia [hand-grip strength and skeletal muscle index (SMI) at L3 vertebral level)].

A Comparative Study Evaluating the Efficacy of Lignocaine and Dexmedetomidine with Lignocaine and Adrenaline in Third Molar Surgery.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the anesthetic efficacy, duration of action, pain, and cardiovascular effects of dexmedetomidine when added to 2% lignocaine hydrochloride in bilateral symmetrical impacted third molars.

Materials And Methods: This study comprised of 40 healthy patients who required extraction of identical bilateral impacted lower third molars. The left side of the patients was designated as test side where patients received local anesthesia with lignocaine plus dexmedetomidine (2% lignocaine + dexmedetomidine 1 μ/ml), and the right side of the patients was designated as control side where patients received local anesthesia with lignocaine plus adrenaline (2% lignocaine in 1:80,000 adrenaline).

Oxidative-Stress-Induced Cellular Toxicity and Glycoxidation of Biomolecules by Cosmetic Products under Sunlight Exposure.

Cosmetics, commonly known as 'makeup' are products that can enhance the appearance of the human body. Cosmetic products include hair dyes, shampoos, skincare, sunscreens, kajal, and other makeup products. Cosmetics are generally applied throughout the face and over the neck region.

1,3,5-Triazine: A versatile pharmacophore with diverse biological activities.

1,3,5-Triazine and its derivatives have been the epicenter of chemotherapeutic molecules due to their effective biological activities, such as antibacterial, fungicidal, antimalarial, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiamoebic, and antitubercular activities. The present review represents a summarized report of the crucial biological activities possessed by substituted 1,3,5-triazine derivatives, with special attention to the most potent compounds.

Source characterization and health risks of BTEX in indoor/outdoor air during winters at a terai precinct of North India.

BTEX are the consistently found air contaminants in indoor and outdoor environments. In order to investigate the exposure levels of BTEX, the indoor and outdoor air was analyzed during winter season at homes located at four selected sites of Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, which comprised residential, roadside, industrial and agricultural areas. BTEX were sampled with a low-flow pump (SKC model 220).

Discovery of novel 1,3,5-triazine as adenosine A receptor antagonist for benefit in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neuro-degenerative ailment characterized by impairment in various motor and nonmotor functions of the body. In the past few years, adenosine A A receptor (A AR) antagonists have attracted much attention due to significant relief in PD. Therefore, in the current study, we intend to disclose the development of novel 1,3,5-triazines as A AR antagonist.

Evaluation of Cadmium Chloride-Induced Toxicity in Chicks Via Hematological, Biochemical Parameters, and Cadmium Level in Tissues.

Cadmium is a heavy metal and a non-biodegradable environmental contaminant, and its omnipresence ensures its recurrent exposure to humans and animals. Its intake by chicks leads to fatal implications. Cadmium chloride (CdCl) because of its bio-accumulative nature is an emerging threat to the poultry industry as well as to the humans which consumes these cadmium-intoxicated chickens.

Discovery of novel pyrazole derivatives as a potent anti-inflammatory agent in RAW264.7 cells via inhibition of NF-ĸB for possible benefit against SARS-CoV-2.

Due to unavailability of a specific drug/vaccine to attenuate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the current strategy to combat the infection has been largely dependent upon the use of anti-inflammatory drugs to control cytokines storm responsible for respiratory depression. Thus, in this study, we discovered novel pyrazole analogs as a potent nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ĸB) inhibitor. The compounds were assessed for NF-ĸB transcriptional inhibitory activity in RAW264.

Design and development of 1,3,5-triazine-thiadiazole hybrids as potent adenosine AA receptor (AAR) antagonist for benefit in Parkinson's disease.

Various studies showed adenosine AA receptors (AARs) antagonists have profound therapeutic efficacy in Parkinsons Disease (PD) by improving dopamine transmission, thus being active in reversing motor deficits and extrapyramidal symptoms related to the disease. Therefore, in the presents study, we have showed the development of novel 1,3,5-triazine-thiadiazole derivative as potent AARs antagonist. In the radioligand binding assay, these molecules showed excellent binding affinity with AAR compared to AR, with significant selectivity.

Potent antibacterial activity of dihydydropyrimidine-1,3,5-triazines via inhibition of DNA gyrase and antifungal activity with favourable metabolic profile.

The compounds were tested against panel of three Gram-positive, viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus and three Gram-negative bacterial strains viz. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Proteus vulgaris where they showed significant to moderate antibacterial activity.

A unique multidrug-resistant clonal Trichophyton population distinct from Trichophyton mentagrophytes/Trichophyton interdigitale complex causing an ongoing alarming dermatophytosis outbreak in India: Genomic insights and resistance profile.

There has been a considerable upsurge of extensive, treatment recalcitrant, dermatophytosis presenting as tinea corporis and tinea cruris in India since the past few years. Genome analysis of Trichophytonspecies causing severe superficial dermatophytosis in North India confirmed a unique clade related to the T.mentagrophytes/interdigitale complex, seeming to belong to an early diverging clade of the complex.

Correlation of Susceptibility Based on MICs and Squalene Epoxidase Mutations with Clinical Response to Terbinafine in Patients with Tinea Corporis/Cruris.

Recalcitrant dermatophytoses are on the rise in India. High MICs of terbinafine (TRB) and squalene epoxidase () gene mutations conferring resistance in spp. have been recently documented.

Prevalence, Characteristics, and Morphology of Supernumerary Teeth among Patients Visiting a Dental Institution in Rajasthan.

Context: Supernumerary teeth/tooth (ST) is a developmental anomaly of dentition. Variation in developmental and eruption pattern of ST can lead to the development of numerous complications in oral cavity.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate prevalence, characteristics, and morphology of ST among patients visiting a dental institution in Rajasthan, India.

Exposure levels and health risk assessment of ambient BTX at urban and rural environments of a terai region of northern India.

Benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) belong to an important group of aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are usually emitted from various sources. BTX play a vital role in the tropospheric chemistry as well as pose health hazard to human beings. Thus, an investigation of ambient benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) was conducted at urban and rural sites of Gorakhpur for a span of one year in order to ascertain the contamination levels.

High terbinafine resistance in Trichophyton interdigitale isolates in Delhi, India harbouring mutations in the squalene epoxidase gene.

In the last few years, infections caused by dermatophytes along with a concomitant increase in the number of difficult to treat cases have increasingly been recognised, indicating that dermatophytosis remains a challenging public health problem. The majority of infections are caused by Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex. Terbinafine, an allylamine antifungal used orally and topically is considered to be a first-line drug in the therapy of dermatophyte infections.

Investigation of Multiple Resistance Mechanisms in Voriconazole-Resistant Aspergillus flavus Clinical Isolates from a Chest Hospital Surveillance in Delhi, India.

Invasive and allergic infections by are more common in tropical and subtropical countries. The emergence of voriconazole (VRC) resistance in impacts the management of aspergillosis, as azoles are used as the first-line and empirical therapy. We screened 120 molecularly confirmed isolates obtained from respiratory and sinonasal specimens in a chest hospital in Delhi, India, for azole resistance using the CLSI broth microdilution (CLSI-BMD) method.

Exposure profiles, seasonal variation and health risk assessment of BTEX in indoor air of homes at different microenvironments of a terai province of northern India.

BTEX are known for their ability to deteriorate human health. A monitoring study was conducted at Gorakhpur, for a span of one year. BTEX were sampled by drawing air through activated charcoal tubes, using a low flow SKC model 220 pump.

Fibrin-associated EBV-positive Large B-Cell Lymphoma: An Indolent Neoplasm With Features Distinct From Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Associated With Chronic Inflammation.

Incidental cases of localized fibrin-associated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)+ large B-cell proliferations have been described at unusual anatomic sites and have been included in the category of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation (DLBCL-CI) in the WHO Classification. We describe 12 cases and review the literature to define their clinicopathologic spectrum and compare features with typical cases of DLBCL-CI. Median age was 55.

Identification by Molecular Methods and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry and Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles of Clinically Significant Rare Aspergillus Species in a Referral Chest Hospital in Delhi, India.

Aspergillus species cause a wide spectrum of clinical infections. Although Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus remain the most commonly isolated species in aspergillosis, in the last decade, rare and cryptic Aspergillus species have emerged in diverse clinical settings. The present study analyzed the distribution and in vitro antifungal susceptibility profiles of rare Aspergillus species in clinical samples from patients with suspected aspergillosis in 8 medical centers in India.

Exposure profiles of mercury in human hair at a terai belt of North India.

Human hair is frequently used as a bioindicator of mercury exposure. Mercury (Hg) has for centuries been a useful metal in a variety of applications. Unfortunately, this usefulness is counterbalanced by its neurotoxicological health impact.

Multidrug-Resistant Candida auris Misidentified as Candida haemulonii: Characterization by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry and DNA Sequencing and Its Antifungal Susceptibility Profile Variability by Vitek 2, CLSI Broth Microdilution, and Etest Method.

Candida auris is a multidrug-resistant yeast that causes a wide spectrum of infections, especially in intensive care settings. We investigated C. auris prevalence among 102 clinical isolates previously identified as Candida haemulonii or Candida famata by the Vitek 2 system.

Study of air-soil exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the north-central part of India--a semi arid region.

Soil is the major environmental reservoir of organic compounds and soil-air exchange is a key process in governing the environmental fate of these compounds on a regional and global scale. Samples of air and soil were collected to study the levels of PAHs in the air and soil of the Agra region. Concentrations of PAH measured at four locations in the city of Agra, covers industrial, residential, roadside and agricultural areas.

Characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in indoor and outdoor atmosphere in the North central part of India.

Twenty-three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured simultaneously in indoor and outdoor environment of ten homes at urban and roadside sites in the north central part of India during winter season (November 2006 to February 2007). The average concentration of total PAH (TPAH) was 1946.84 ng/m(3) in kitchen, 1666.

Diffusion-weighted imaging: not all that glitters is gold.

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a sophisticated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique with rapid acquisition time and high sensitivity for depicting acute cerebral ischemia. It is currently part of the routine workup in most medical centers when ischemic stroke is in the differential diagnosis. DWI helps establish a diagnosis of acute ischemic infarct even in cases where the clinical presentation is not typical for ischemic stroke.