COVID-19 Impact on Pathology Education Program in Iran.

Background & Objective: The coronavirus disease brought worldwide uncertainty, and Iran was affected by it as well as many other countries in the world. Halting face-to-face education due to social distancing and resident re-employment in clinical wards leads to defective education. The aim of this survey was to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of modifications made in pathology residency education in Iran.

Perceptions of lived in experiences of healthcare workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in a tertiary Care hospital: A perspective from Pakistan.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the perceptions of frontline Healthcare Workers (HCWs) towards managing COVID-19 in Tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.

Method: This qualitative exploratory study was conducted from January to May 2021 at a Tertiary care hospital designated for COVID-19 patients in Rawalpindi Pakistan. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted from twenty six HCWs.

Correlation between plasma biochemical parameters and cardio-hepatic iron deposition in thalassemia major patients.

Introduction: Major Thalassemia patients suffer from iron overload and organ damage, especially heart and liver damage. Early diagnosis and treatment with a chelator can reduce the complications and mortality of iron overload. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the biochemical and hematological predictors as an alternative and indirect indicator of iron deposition in heart and liver cells in comparison with the MRI T2* method as the gold standard.

Risk of mortality and recurrence after first-time stroke among patients with type 2 diabetes: A Danish nationwide cohort study.

Introduction: The prognosis for stroke patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains poorly understood. We examined the risk of mortality and stroke recurrence in stroke patients with T2DM and stroke patients without diabetes.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study including all patients diagnosed with a first-time ischemic stroke ( = 131,594) or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH,  = 15,492) in Denmark, 2005-2021.

Recent Advances in CRISPR/Cas9 Delivery Approaches for Therapeutic Gene Editing of Stem Cells.

Rapid advancement in genome editing technologies has provided new promises for treating neoplasia, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and monogenic disorders. Recently, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system has emerged as a powerful gene editing tool offering advantages, including high editing efficiency and low cost over the conventional approaches. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), with their great proliferation and differentiation potential into different cell types, have been exploited in stem cell-based therapy.

Synthesis and Antioxidant Studies of 2,4-Dioxothiazolidine-5-acetic Acid Based Organic Salts: SC-XRD and DFT Approach.

In the current study, two organic salts ( and ) are synthesized, and then crystalline structures are characterized by FTIR, UV spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallographic studies. The organic salts and are optimized at the M06/6-311G(,)level of theory and further utilized for analysis of natural bond orbitals (NBOs), natural population, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), and global reactivity parameters, which confirmed the stability of the studied compounds and charge transfer phenomenon in the studied compounds. The studies further revealed that and are more stable than .

Are inner nuclear layer ischemic lesions hidden indicators of retinal vein occlusion risk? A case-control study.

Purpose: To investigate the association between retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and evidence of previous, unnoticed inner nuclear layer (INL) infarction in the fellow eye.

Methods: This prospective case-control study compared the prevalence of INL lesions in the fellow eye of consecutive people with hypertension (PwHTN) with unilateral RVO versus a randomly chosen eye of an age-matched control group of PwHTN without RVO. En face slabs above the outer plexiform layer (OPL) were generated from 6 × 6 fovea-centered optical coherence tomography scans.

Spatiotemporal profile of altered neural reactivity to food images in obesity: Reward system is altered automatically and predicts efficacy of weight loss intervention.

Introduction: Obesity presents a significant public health problem. Brain plays a central role in etiology and maintenance of obesity. Prior neuroimaging studies have found that individuals with obesity exhibit altered neural responses to images of food within the brain reward system and related brain networks.

Evaluating Zn-Porphyrin-Based Near-IR-Sensitive Non-Fullerene Acceptors for Efficient Panchromatic Organic Solar Cells.

Porphyrin-based non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) have shown pronounced potential for assembling low-bandgap materials with near-infrared (NIR) characteristics. Herein, panchromatic-type porphyrin-based molecules (POR1-POR5) are proposed by modulating end-capped acceptors of a highly efficient porphyrin-based NFA PORTFIC(POR) for organic solar cells (OSCs). Quantum chemical structure-property relationship has been studied to discover photovoltaic and optoelectronic characteristics of POR1-POR5.

Assessment of Refractive Outcome of Photo Refractive Keratectomy in Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism.

Objectives: To determine the refractive outcomes of wavefront optimized photo refractive keratectomy (PRK) in patients having myopia and myopic astigmatism in terms of efficacy, safety, accuracy, stability and predictability of the procedure.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Refractive Surgical Unit, Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from October 2013 to August 2018.

Recurrent Cranial Chondrosarcoma: A Case Report.

Chondrosarcoma of the cranium is a rare malignancy. The result of treatment is challenging to assess because the slow-growing rate means that there is a long interval previously discovering the recurrence and last long time to diagnosis of recurrence. This report describes a 38-year-old man who presented with a generalized seizure 2 months before his referral.

Post Discharge mHealth and Teach-Back Communication Effectiveness on Hospital Readmissions: A Systematic Review.

Hospital readmissions pose a threat to the constrained health resources, especially in resource-poor low-and middle-income countries. In such scenarios, appropriate technologies to reduce avoidable readmissions in hospitals require innovative interventions. mHealth and teach-back communication are robust interventions, utilized for the reduction in preventable hospital readmissions.

Effectiveness of Mobile Health Augmented Cardiac Rehabilitation on Behavioural Outcomes among Post-acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of mobile health augmented cardiac rehabilitation (MCard) on behavioural factors among post-acute coronary syndrome (post-ACS) patients.

Study Design: Randomised controlled trial.

Place And Duration Of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology (AFIC), from January 2019 till March 2021.

Hybrid rule-based botnet detection approach using machine learning for analysing DNS traffic.

Botnets can simultaneously control millions of Internet-connected devices to launch damaging cyber-attacks that pose significant threats to the Internet. In a botnet, bot-masters communicate with the command and control server using various communication protocols. One of the widely used communication protocols is the 'Domain Name System' (DNS) service, an essential Internet service.

Assessment of Refractive Outcomes of Femtosecond-assisted Laser in Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) for Hyperopia.

Objective: To determine the effect of refractive treatment in terms of safety, efficacy, stability, accuracy, and predictability with Wavefront Optimized Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) on hyperopia.

Study Design: Descriptive, analytical study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from August 2013 to June 2018.

Anomalous Quantum Oscillations in a Heterostructure of Graphene on a Proximate Quantum Spin Liquid.

The quasi-two-dimensional Mott insulator α-RuCl_{3} is proximate to the sought-after Kitaev quantum spin liquid (QSL). In a layer of α-RuCl_{3} on graphene, the dominant Kitaev exchange is further enhanced by strain. Recently, quantum oscillation (QO) measurements of such α-RuCl_{3} and graphene heterostructures showed an anomalous temperature dependence beyond the standard Lifshitz-Kosevich (LK) description.

Screening Thresholds for the Corneal Tomography in Hyperopic Pakistani Population.

Objective: To evaluate key corneal tomography parameters for screening mixed astigmatism and hyperopic males and females for refractive surgery and to compare the data to a previously studied myopic group in Pakistani population.

Study Design: Cross-sectional, observational study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology AFIO, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from August 2013 to August 2018.

Spin-Split Band Hybridization in Graphene Proximitized with α-RuCl Nanosheets.

Proximity effects induced in the two-dimensional Dirac material graphene potentially open access to novel and intriguing physical phenomena. Thus far, the coupling between graphene and ferromagnetic insulators has been experimentally established. However, only very little is known about graphene's interaction with antiferromagnetic insulators.

Manipulation of Magnetic Dipole Emission from Eu with Mie-Resonant Dielectric Metasurfaces.

Mie-resonant high-index dielectric nanoparticles and metasurfaces have been suggested as a viable platform for enhancing both electric and magnetic dipole transitions of fluorescent emitters. While the enhancement of the electric dipole transitions by such dielectric nanoparticles has been demonstrated experimentally, the case of magnetic-dipole transitions remains largely unexplored. Here, we study the enhancement of spontaneous emission of Eu ions, featuring both electric and magnetic-dominated dipole transitions, by dielectric metasurfaces composed of Mie-resonant silicon nanocylinders.

Does playing video games effect cognitive abilities in Pakistani children?

Objective: To find out the effect of playing video games on cognitive abilities among teenagers.

Methods: A comparative cross sectional study was conducted at two schools in Rawalpindi from August 2014 till February 2015. A sample size of 171 was calculated by using WHO sample size calculator using non-probability convenient sampling technique.

Directional emission of rhodamine 6G on top of a silver grating.

We have observed directional spontaneous emission of rhodamine 6G dye deposited on top of a silver grating and found that its angular distribution patterns were very different in TE and TM polarizations. The latter was related to the dispersion curves determined based on the polarized reflection spectra measured at multiple incidence angles. The most intriguing finding of this Letter was a resonance, which was coupled with TE-polarized light and determined the characteristic double-crescent patterns in the TE-polarized spontaneous emission.

Electrical Transport Signature of the Magnetic Fluctuation-Structure Relation in α-RuCl Nanoflakes.

The small gap semiconductor α-RuCl has emerged as a promising candidate for quantum spin liquid materials. Thus far, Raman spectroscopy, neutron scattering, and magnetization measurements have provided valuable hints for collective spin behavior in α-RuCl bulk crystals. However, the goal of implementing α-RuCl into spintronic devices would strongly benefit from the possibility of electrically probing these phenomena.

Collective plasmonic oscillations in gold nanostrips arrays.

Excitation of collective plasmonic modes and their effect on optical behavior are experimentally and theoretically studied in 1D arrays of gold nanostrips in comparison with continuous gold films with periodically modulated profile. In strips, the angular dependence of the reflectivity demonstrates a peak at the resonance condition as opposed to a dip observed in continuous sine wave gratings. In addition, an extremely narrow feature in the reflection is observed in strips and tentatively ascribed to the bright Wood-Rayleigh anomaly.

Efficient Photothermoelectric Conversion in Lateral Topological Insulator Heterojunctions.

Tuning the electron and phonon transport properties of thermoelectric materials by nanostructuring has enabled improving their thermopower figure of merit. Three-dimensional topological insulators, including many bismuth chalcogenides, attract increasing attention for this purpose, as their topologically protected surface states are promising to further enhance the thermoelectric performance. While individual bismuth chalcogenide nanostructures have been studied with respect to their photothermoelectric properties, nanostructured p-n junctions of these compounds have not yet been explored.

ASSOCIATION OF MATERNAL PERIODONTITIS WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT IN NEWBORNS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.

Background: Low birth weight is a major public health problem in Pakistan. So there is a need for identification of its modifiable risk factors like periodontitis which will reduce its burden on the society. The objectives of the study were to find out the association between maternal periodontitis and low birth weight in new-borns of all gestational ages delivered in a tertiary care hospital of Abbottabad as well as to see the frequency of periodontitis severity in these subjects.