Translating strategies for promoting engagement in mobile health: A proof-of-concept microrandomized trial.

Objective: Mobile technologies allow for accessible and cost-effective health monitoring and intervention delivery. Despite these advantages, mobile health (mHealth) engagement is often insufficient. While monetary incentives may increase engagement, they can backfire, dampening intrinsic motivations and undermining intervention scalability.

Understanding the Social Determinants of Mental Health of Undergraduate Students in Bangladesh: Interview Study.

Background: The undergraduate student population has been actively studied in digital mental health research. However, the existing literature primarily focuses on students from high-income nations, and undergraduates from limited-income nations remain understudied.

Objective: This study aims to identify the broader social determinants of mental health among undergraduate students in Bangladesh, a limited-income nation in South Asia; study the manifestation of these determinants in their day-to-day lives; and explore the feasibility of self-monitoring tools in helping them identify the specific factors or relationships that affect their mental health.

Understanding Adolescent and Young Adult 6-Mercaptopurine Adherence and mHealth Engagement During Cancer Treatment: Protocol for Ecological Momentary Assessment.

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer demonstrate suboptimal oral chemotherapy adherence, increasing their risk of cancer relapse. It is unclear how everyday time-varying contextual factors (eg, mood) affect their adherence, stalling the development of personalized mobile health (mHealth) interventions. Poor engagement is also a challenge across mHealth trials; an effective adherence intervention must be engaging to promote uptake.

Toward a Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention to Reduce Emerging Adult Alcohol Use: Testing Approaches for Identifying When to Intervene.

JITAI: Just-in-time adaptive intervention; ROC: receiver operating characteristic; AUC: area under the curve; MRT: micro-randomized trial.

Developing an Adaptive Mobile Intervention to Address Risky Substance Use Among Adolescents and Emerging Adults: Usability Study.

Background: Substance use among adolescents and emerging adults continues to be an important public health problem associated with morbidity and mortality. Mobile health (mHealth) provides a promising approach to deliver just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) to prevent escalation of use and substance use-related consequences.

Objective: This pilot study aims to describe the iterative development and initial feasibility and acceptability testing of an mHealth smartphone app, called MiSARA, designed to reduce escalation in substance use.

Microrandomized trials for promoting engagement in mobile health data collection: Adolescent/young adult oral chemotherapy adherence as an example.

Long-term engagement with mobile health (mHealth) apps can provide critical data for improving empirical models for real-time health behaviors. To learn how to improve and maintain mHealth engagement, micro-randomized trials (MRTs) can be used to optimize different engagement strategies. In MRTs, participants are sequentially randomized, often hundreds or thousands of times, to different engagement strategies or treatments.

ReVibe: A Context-assisted Evening Recall Approach to Improve Self-report Adherence.

Besides passive sensing, ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) are one of the primary methods to collect in-the-moment data in ubiquitous computing and mobile health. While EMAs have the advantage of low recall bias, a disadvantage is that they frequently interrupt the user and thus long-term adherence is generally poor. In this paper, we propose a less-disruptive self-reporting method, "assisted recall," in which in the evening individuals are asked to answer questions concerning a moment from earlier in the day assisted by contextual information such as location, physical activity, and ambient sounds collected around the moment to be recalled.

Artificial intelligence decision-making in mobile health.

It is likely that you or someone you know is affected by a chronic health condition. For example, a staggering six in 10 adults in the USA are currently suffering from a chronic disease (National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2019). Unfortunately, chronic conditions are not treatable overnight, but they can often be improved by regular incorporation of preventative behaviours (e.

Feasibility and Acceptability of Mobile Phone-Based Auto-Personalized Physical Activity Recommendations for Chronic Pain Self-Management: Pilot Study on Adults.

Background: Chronic pain is a globally prevalent condition. It is closely linked with psychological well-being, and it is often concomitant with anxiety, negative affect, and in some cases even depressive disorders. In the case of musculoskeletal chronic pain, frequent physical activity is beneficial.

Toward Increasing Engagement in Substance Use Data Collection: Development of the Substance Abuse Research Assistant App and Protocol for a Microrandomized Trial Using Adolescents and Emerging Adults.

Background: Substance use is an alarming public health issue associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Adolescents and emerging adults are at particularly high risk because substance use typically initiates and peaks during this developmental period. Mobile health apps are a promising data collection and intervention delivery tool for substance-using youth as most teens and young adults own a mobile phone.

SARA: A Mobile App to Engage Users in Health Data Collection.

Despite the recent progress in sensor technologies, many relevant health data can be only captured with manual input (e.g., food intake, stress appraisal, subjective emotion, substance use).

Leveraging Multi-Modal Sensing for Mobile Health: A Case Review in Chronic Pain.

Active and passive mobile sensing has garnered much attention in recent years. In this paper, we focus on chronic pain measurement and management as a case application to exemplify the state of the art. We present a consolidated discussion on the leveraging of various sensing modalities along with modular server-side and on-device architectures required for this task.

Automated personalized feedback for physical activity and dietary behavior change with mobile phones: a randomized controlled trial on adults.

Background: A dramatic rise in health-tracking apps for mobile phones has occurred recently. Rich user interfaces make manual logging of users' behaviors easier and more pleasant, and sensors make tracking effortless. To date, however, feedback technologies have been limited to providing overall statistics, attractive visualization of tracked data, or simple tailoring based on age, gender, and overall calorie or activity information.

Objective measurement of sociability and activity: mobile sensing in the community.

Purpose: Automated systems able to infer detailed measures of a person's social interactions and physical activities in their natural environments could lead to better understanding of factors influencing well-being. We assessed the feasibility of a wireless mobile device in measuring sociability and physical activity in older adults, and compared results with those of traditional questionnaires.

Methods: This pilot observational study was conducted among a convenience sample of 8 men and women aged 65 years or older in a continuing care retirement community.

Passive and In-situ Assessment of Mental and Physical Well-being using Mobile Sensors.

The idea of continuously monitoring well-being using mobile-sensing systems is gaining popularity. In-situ measurement of human behavior has the potential to overcome the short comings of gold-standard surveys that have been used for decades by the medical community. However, current sensing systems have mainly focused on tracking physical health; some have approximated aspects of mental health based on proximity measurements but have not been compared against medically accepted screening instruments.