Comparison of electrocorticographic patterns with focal cortical dysplasia types in children with epilepsy.

Objective: the objective of the study was to determine significant differences in electrocorticographic patterns for various types of focal cortical dysplasias.

Material And Methods: 42 patients diagnosed with drug-resistant focal epilepsy were operated on at the Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute in the period from 2006 to 2013. Patients who were histologically diagnosed with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and underwent video-electroencephalography and electrocorticography were analyzed.

[The comparative analysis of changes of short pieces of EEG at perception of music on the basis of the event-related synchronization/desynchronization and wavelet-synchrony].

The going of present pilot study is an analysis of features changes of EEG short pieces registered from 32 sites, at perception of musical melodies healthy examinees depending on logic (cognizance) and emotional (it was pleasant it was not pleasant) melody estimations. For this purpose changes of event-related synchronization/desynchronization, and also wavelet-synchrony of EEG-responses at 31 healthy examinees at the age from 18 till 60 years were compared. It is shown that at a logic estimation of music the melody cognizance is accompanied the event-related desynchronization in the left fronto-parietal-temporal area.

[Long-latency components (N100, N200 and P300) of acoustic evoked potentials in prediction of mental recovery in severe traumatic brain injury].

The authors analyzed correlations of amplitude and latency levels of N100, N200 and P300 components of acoustic evoked potentials (AEP) registered during sonic stimulation and counting of target-oriented stimuli in 22 patients in vegetative state and mutism as an outcome of traumatic brain injury. Results were analyzed with association of electrophysiological findings with data of diffusion-tensor MRI. 55 healthy volunteers were included into control group.

[Amplitude-time parameters of long-latency components (N1, N2 and P300) of acoustic evoked potential of healthy examinees of young and mature age].

The aim of study was to track a cumulative changes of amplitude-time parametres of components N1, N2 and P300 of acoustic evoked potential in experimental situations different in complexity (at the account and listening of sounds) and to compare the received distinctions at examinees of young and mature age. ERP were recorded at 12 healthy subjects from 18 to 22 ages and 12 subjects from 32 to 59 ages. The two-stimuli oddball paradigm was used.

[Changes in brain bioelectrical activity during xenon anesthesia in neurosurgical patients].

Xenon is a promising anesthetic agent in neurosurgery. However, there is now little evidence on the effect of xenon at anesthetic concentrations on brain electrical activity, which limits its use in neurosurgical patients. Changes in brain bioelectrical activity were studied in patients with skull base tumors before surgery (conscious ones) and at different stages of xenon anesthesia (after denitrogenization, at 50% xenon concentration in the circuit, at 65% xenon concentration in the circuit, during steady-state xenon anesthesia, and after hyperventilation).

[Dynamics of P300 component of acoustic evoked potential in postraumatic unconsciousness].

In order to reveal features of the brain reactions to external stimuli in the course of consciousness recovery after a severe craniocerebral injury, component P300 of acoustic evoked potential was analyzed in 9 patients with chronic and 32 patients with reversible unconsciousness. In patients with chronic unconsciousness, P300 parameters displayed a linear correlation with the current functional state. However, this component remained significantly different from its normal shape and varied only in a narrow range.

[Component P300 of acoustic evoked potential in patients with local brain lesion].

The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of spatial-temporary organization of P300 acoustic evoked potential (AEP) in patients with local lesions of the brain stem, frontal and temporal structures in the situations of "passive" listening to sounds and their active recognition (a count). Specific changes of P300 parameters were distinguished in each group. The peak-temporary P300 parameters--latency increase, decrease of amplitude and tendency to the decrease of half-cycle--were similarly changed, irrespective of brain damage topography.

[Characteristics of the spatio-temporal organization of the P300 component of AEP during the "active" and "passive" stimulus perception in healthy subjects].

The concern of the work was in detection and analysis of P300 component of the acoustic evoked potential in healthy subjects in different experimental situations. During counting the rare sounds, P300 was most pronounced in the frontocentral and parietooccipital areas mainly of the left-hemisphere. The response shape was correlated with characteristics of the basic rhythm of the background EEG.

[Visual evoked potentials and the P300 component in different courses of the posttraumatic vegetative state].

The late latency components of visual evoked potentials (VEP) and the component P300 AEP were analyzed to evaluate their informative value in the process of mental function restoration in patient after long-term traumatic coma. VEP components with latencies of 70 to 320 msec were studied in 24 patients. Topographical mapping of the power of the study VEP components and components P300 was made by the peak amplitude.

[The P300 component of the auditory evoked potential in the posttraumatic vegetative state].

The dynamic studies of P300 component of the acoustic evoked potential were conducted in 12 patients in posttraumatic state of the autonomic system. The amplitude and time parameters of P300 were analyzed, its spatial distribution over the cortex, and features of generation. The obtained results were compared with the normative data.

[Foci of pathological activity in the human brain and their influence on the spatial-temporal relationships of the EEG].

EEGs of 51 patients with focal brain lesions (tumor localized in brain hemispheres) were analyzed. Coherence functions were calculated between the EEG recorded from the intact and lesioned hemispheres and three-dimensional analysis of the delta-wave "source" localization was conducted. The revealed delta-wave "sources" localized in the perifocal region of the lesioned hemisphere demonstrated its dynamic properties and a tendency for fluctuations.

[The electroencephalographic correlates of a disorder in higher cortical functions in local lesions of the hypothalamic area].

In order to reveal correlations between disturbances in higher cortical functions and characteristics of electrical activity 70 patients with pathological foci in the hypothalamic regions were examined using computer data processing. Destruction of the normal intercentral relations between EEG rhythms develops under the influence of the hypothalamic focus. The process builds up with the aggravation of cortical disorders (mnestic, emotional-affective, consciousness oppression with sleep inversion).