Heart failure, recurrent vascular events and death in patients with ischemic stroke-results of the MonDAFIS study.

Heart failure (HF) is associated with poor outcome after stroke, but data from large prospective trials are sparse.We assessed the impact of HF on clinical endpoints in patients hospitalized with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) enrolled in the prospective, multicenter Systematic Monitoring for Detection of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke (MonDAFIS) trial. HF was defined as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 55% or a history of HF on admission.

KCNA2 IgG autoimmunity in neuropsychiatric diseases.

Background: Autoantibodies against the potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2 (KCNA2) have been described in a few cases of neuropsychiatric disorders, but their diagnostic and pathophysiological role is currently unknown, imposing challenges to medical practice.

Design / Methods: We retrospectively collected comprehensive clinical and paraclinical data of 35 patients with KCNA2 IgG autoantibodies detected in cell-based and tissue-based assays. Patients' sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were used for characterization of the antigen, clinical-serological correlations, and determination of IgG subclasses.

[Chronic Back Pain].

Chronic back pain is one of the most common diseases in Germany. In many cases, no morphological change is found, so that the genesis remains unspecific in over 90% of patients. This article is intended to provide an overview of drug therapy as well as non-drug measures and summarizes the corresponding guideline recommendations.

Vaccination in multiple sclerosis patients treated with highly effective disease-modifying drugs: an overview with consideration of cladribine tablets.

Infectious diseases are an important consideration in autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis. Infective episodes may trigger relapses and significantly deteriorate the course of the disease. Some immunotherapies may cause increased rates of infection-related adverse events.

Antibody-mediated procoagulant platelets in SARS-CoV-2-vaccination associated immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. To prevent severe infection, mass COVID-19 vaccination campaigns with several vaccine types are currently underway. We report pathological and immunological findings in 8 patients who developed vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) after administration of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19.

German guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of neurosyphilis.

Introduction: In view of the importance of neurosyphilis and the difficulties encountered in diagnosing it, the S1 guideline "Neurosyphilis" has been published by the German Society for Neurology (DGN) in accordance with the stipulations of the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF). The present article is an abridged translation of that German guideline.

Main Recommendations: (a) Neurosyphilis can manifest as early neurosyphilis (meningitis, meningovascular neurosyphilis or syphilitic gummas) or late neurosyphilis (tabes dorsalis, general paresis).

[Neurological complications of hepatitis C infections].

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a highly prevalent systemic disease, which can cause a variety of neurological complications. The HCV-associated symptoms can be differentiated into central and peripheral nervous systems as well as the musculature. Important pathomechanisms are HCV-associated autoimmunity (e.

[S2k guideline for the diagnosis and therapy of zoster and post-zoster neuralgia].

This guideline is aimed at registrars and consultants in dermatology, ophthalmology, ENT, pediatrics, neurology, virology as well as infectiology, anaesthesia and generell medicine as well as policymakers and payers and purchasers of care. It was developed by dermatologists, virologists, ophthalmologists, ENT physicians, neurologists, pediatrician and anesthetists using a formal consensus process (S2k).The guideline provides an overview of clinical and molecular diagnostics as well as antigen detection, antibody culture and viral culture.

S2k guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia.

The present guidelines are aimed at residents and board-certified specialists in the fields of dermatology, ophthalmology, ENT, pediatrics, neurology, virology, infectious diseases, anesthesiology, general medicine and any other medical specialties involved in the management of patients with herpes zoster. They are also intended as a guide for policymakers and health insurance funds. The guidelines were developed by dermatologists, virologists, ophthalmologists, ENT physicians, neurologists, pediatricians and anesthesiologists/pain specialists using a formal consensus process (S2k).

[Therapy of Benign Essential Blepharospasm with Botulinum Toxin].

Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia and a rare disease of the brain that causes involuntary spasms of the muscles responsible for eyelid closure. The diagnosis is made clinically and in unclear cases on the basis of results of electrophysiological tests. Therapy of choice consists of local injections with botulinum toxin that have to be repeated on a regular basis.

[Etiology and Treatment of Delirium].

Delirium is a potentially life-threating acute disease accompanied by a mortality up to 30 % of all affected patients. It occurs more frequently in older patients ≥ 65 years. Delirium is defined as acute onset of disturbances in attention, awareness and cognition that develops within a short period of time and fluctuates in severity.

[Zika virus infection and the nervous system].

Zika virus is an arbovirus from the family of flaviviruses, which is transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegyptii and also by the Asian mosquito Aedes albopticus. The largest observed Zika virus epidemic is currently taking place in North and South America, in the Caribbean, southern USA and Southeast Asia. In most cases the infection is an unspecific, acute, febrile disease.

HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorder: epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.

The modern antiretroviral treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection has considerably lowered the incidence of opportunistic infections. With the exception of the most severe dementia manifestations, the incidence and prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) have not decreased, and HAND continues to be relevant in daily clinical practice. Now, HAND occurs in earlier stages of HIV infection, and the clinical course differs from that before the widespread use of combination antiretroviral treatment (cART).

[Causes of death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : Results from the Rhineland-Palatinate ALS registry].

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is associated with an increased mortality. Knowledge of possible causes of death could lead to an individualization of the palliative treatment concept and result in a differentiated palliative treatment pathway. Currently, only few systematic data are available on the heterogeneity of causes of death associated with ALS.

[Update HIV and neurology].

With modern antiretroviral drug regimens, HIV-infected people are living longer and HIV has transformed into a chronic illness. The review summarizes pathophysiological as well as clinical aspects of a chronic infection from a neurological point of view including neurocognitive impairment, depression, neuropathies and myopathies. It also draws attention to comorbidities such as syphilis and hepatitis C.

Peptide Bioconjugates of Electron-Poor Metallocenes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Anti-Proliferative Activity.

We report the synthesis of metallocene compounds Cp2 M with two different electron-withdrawing substituents on both cyclopentadienyl rings (hexafluoroacetone (HFA) and chlorobenzoyl (1-5); HFA and COOH (6 and 7), M=Fe or Ru). The COOH-containing derivatives were used to synthesize peptide bioconjugates with enkephalin (8 and 9) and neurotensin (10 and 11) as well as fluorescein-labeled neurotensin (12). All the molecules were fully characterized, including X-ray structures for 6 and 7.

Factors Predicting Survival in ALS Patients--Data from a Population-Based Registry in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Background: The possibility to survive with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) varies considerably and survival extends from a few months to several years. A number of demographic and clinical factors predicting survival have been described; however, existing data are conflicting. We intended to predict patient survival in a population-based prospective cohort of ALS patients from variables known up to the time of diagnosis.

Factors predicting one-year mortality in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients--data from a population-based registry.

Background: Survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis varies considerably. About one third of the patients die within 12 months after first diagnosis. The early recognition of fast progression is essential for patients and neurologists to weigh up invasive therapeutic interventions.

Variability and prognostic relevance of different phenotypes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - data from a population-based registry.

Objectives: The clinical spectrum of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by a considerable variation. Different phenotypes have been described by previous studies. We assessed clinical variability and prognostic relevance of these phenotypes in a prospective, population-based cohort of ALS patients in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Structure-activity relationship of trifluoromethyl-containing metallocenes: electrochemistry, lipophilicity, cytotoxicity, and ROS production.

We report the synthesis of trifluoromethylated metallocenes (M=Fe, Ru) and related metal-free compounds for comparison of their biological properties with the aim to establish structure-activity relationships toward the anti-proliferative activity of this compound class. All new compounds were comprehensively characterized by NMR spectroscopy ((1) H, (13) C, (19) F), mass spectrometry, IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. A single-crystal X-ray structure was obtained on the Ru derivative, 1-(1-hydroxy-1-hexafluoromethylethyl)ruthenocene (3).