Publications by authors named "Masayuki Sho"
Prognostic significance of creatine kinase in resected pancreatic cancer.
J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci
December 2024
Background: Creatine kinase (CK) levels decrease with cancer progression and muscle wasting, but its association with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate CK as a prognostic biomarker and surrogate marker for muscle mass in patients with PDAC.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of 476 patients with PDAC was conducted.
Background: CD200, a negative regulator of T cells as well as a marker for cancer stem cells, represents a significant prognostic factor and potential therapeutic target in certain cancers. However, its clinical significance remains unknown in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Methods: CD200 was assessed in 220 resected PDAC patients who underwent surgery with or without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT).
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzed the incidence and trends of nonampullary duodenal cancer (NADC) in Japan using a national cancer registry from 2016 to 2020.
- A total of 14,484 patients were assessed, revealing an age-adjusted incidence of 10.7-12.1 per 1,000,000 person-years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.7:1, indicating higher prevalence among older adults, particularly those aged 70-79.
- The findings showed that 55% of cases were diagnosed through screenings, with 54% being localized tumors, and the primary treatments were surgical intervention and endoscopic resection, demonstrating consistent trends in detection and treatment
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates persistent acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients who undergo liver resection, focusing on identifying risk factors and its impacts on post-surgery recovery and long-term kidney health.
- Results showed that patients with persistent AKI experienced worse postoperative outcomes, such as higher rates of complications, longer hospital stays, and lower survival rates, especially in those with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
- The research highlights that chronic kidney disease, high albumin-bilirubin grade, and anatomical resection are key predictors of persistent AKI, emphasizing the need for strategies to prevent this condition to enhance recovery and survival rates in these patients.
Article Synopsis
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients outside the Milan criteria who undergo liver surgery experience high rates of very early recurrence (VER) and poor outcomes, prompting this study to investigate predictive factors, including the CALLY index.
- The study analyzed patients who had liver resection for HCC beyond Milan criteria from 2000 to 2021, comparing those with VER (recurrence within 6 months) to those who recurred later or not at all, identifying key risk factors.
- Findings revealed that high alpha-fetoprotein levels, non-simple nodule types, and lower CALLY index significantly predicted poorer survival rates, indicating that patients with multiple risk factors may benefit from more aggressive treatment options.
Background: PDAC cells upregulate carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) expression in order to survive in hypoxic tumor environments, which plays a key role in tumor progression. However, the relationship between CA9 expression and preoperative treatment has not been clarified. We evaluated the clinical impact of CA9 expression on the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Hyperglycemia is involved in malignant transformation of pancreatic cancer via the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). However, few studies have verified this mechanism based on clinical data. This study investigated the complementary effects of hyperglycemia and HBP on pancreatic cancer prognosis using detailed clinical data.
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- The study evaluates the safety and effectiveness of Cell-free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (CART) for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer experiencing malignant ascites.
- Analysis was conducted on 47 procedures involving 29 patients, revealing a 19% rate of adverse events, with only minor complications and no severe or lethal cases.
- Findings indicate that CART may enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy, leading to a significantly longer median survival time in patients receiving chemotherapy compared to those receiving only palliative care.
Article Synopsis
- The study explored how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) by comparing patient data before and during the pandemic.* -
- Findings showed a significant decrease in positive fecal occult blood tests and patients took longer to seek medical help for symptoms during the pandemic, even though the stage of cancer remained unchanged.* -
- Despite patients being hesitant to seek treatment, healthcare practitioners' behavior stayed consistent, resulting in no significant differences in overall survival or recurrence-free survival rates.*
Dysphagia after esophagectomy is a serious complication; however, no method has been established to accurately assess swallowing function. We evaluated the association of swallowing function tests with patients' post-esophagectomy complications and nutritional statuses. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 95 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy between 2016 and 2021.
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- Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer with a 5-year survival rate below 10%, and drug resistance complicates treatment efforts.
- The study developed MIA-GEM cells, a gemcitabine-resistant PDAC cell line, and found increased expression of AKT3 and dysregulated AKT signaling, which contributed to the cells' resistance.
- Elevated nuclear expression of AKT3 in GEM-resistant PDAC cases is linked to poorer patient prognosis, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target and a marker for drug resistance in PDAC.
Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of a novel surgical procedure, the Total Sealing Technique (TST), using the latest bipolar vessel sealing system (BVSS; LigaSure™ Exact Dissector) to reduce lymphatic leakage and seroma formation after electrocautery axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in breast cancer surgery. Prolonged drainage is a common occurrence after ALND, primarily due to lymphatic leakage. In addition, the presence of seroma often leads to delays in the administration of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy even after drain removal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a genetic disorder that causes fragility of the systemic connective tissues. Of the 13 subtypes, vascular EDS (vEDS) is associated with abnormalities in collagen production, resulting in arterial rupture and intestinal perforation. Herein, we report the case of a man with confirmed vEDS who survived a ruptured dissected splenic artery aneurysm triggered by perforation of the sigmoid colon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnticancer agents are playing an increasing role in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC); however, novel anticancer agents have not been fully developed. Therefore, it is important to investigate compounds that improve sensitivity to the existing anticancer drugs. We have reported that pterostilbene (PTE), a plant stilbene, enhances the antitumor effect of low doses of sunitinib in gastric cancer cells accumulating mitochondrial iron (II) (mtFe) at low doses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer with arterial involvement (BR-A) pancreatic cancer.
Methods: We analyzed 81 patients initially diagnosed as BR-A who received initial treatments between 2007 and 2021. Among them, 18 patients who received upfront surgery were classified as the UFS group, while 30 patients who were treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were classified as the NACRT group.
Article Synopsis
- - The KHBO1401 study found that the combination of gemcitabine, cisplatin, and S-1 (GCS) not only improved survival rates for patients with biliary tract cancers but also resulted in a higher response rate, making it a suitable option for neoadjuvant therapy.
- - Among 246 patients, tumor shrinkage patterns were classified into four categories based on their size changes at 100 days, with GCS showing significantly better outcomes in the categories associated with tumor shrinkage (A and B) compared to the GC treatment.
- - Although GCS treatment led to faster and greater tumor shrinkage, with sustained responses, about 20% of patients experienced tumor regrowth after treatment,
Article Synopsis
- - This study explored how sarcopenia, a condition characterized by loss of muscle mass, affects the long-term outcomes of patients with early-stage intrahepatic recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after treatments like surgery or radiofrequency ablation.
- - Results showed that patients with sarcopenia had significantly lower overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates compared to those without sarcopenia, making it a critical independent prognostic factor.
- - The research also found that patients with sarcopenia had reduced levels of important immune cells, suggesting that weakened immune response may contribute to their poor outcomes regardless of treatment type.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates early recurrence in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and pancreatectomy from January 2009 to June 2021.
- Out of 203 patients, 22 had early recurrence (within 6 months of surgery), with these patients showing significantly lower median survival rates compared to those with late recurrence or no recurrence.
- High carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels (>100 units/mL) and T status (≥T2) were identified as independent predictors of early recurrence, suggesting the need for stronger preoperative treatment for at-risk patients.
Background: Older patients are more likely to have comorbidities than younger patients, and multiple comorbidities are associated with mortality in patients with cancer. Therefore, we hypothesized that a functional comorbidity index could predict the therapeutic effects of rehabilitation.
Objectives: In this study, we investigate whether the comorbidities influenced the execution and therapeutic effects of rehabilitation.
Article Synopsis
- Central pancreatectomy (CP) is a surgery that preserves pancreatic function and has been studied for treating benign tumors, but its use for pancreatic cancer is limited.
- This study involved analyzing 50 patients with clinical T1 pancreatic body cancer, comparing those who had CP to those who had distal pancreatectomy (DP) between 2013 and 2020 at three hospitals.
- Results showed a 100% 5-year survival rate for the CP group, compared to 42% for the DP group, indicating that CP might be a promising option for certain patients with this type of cancer.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigated how prolonged intermittent Pringle maneuver (IPM) affects post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) in patients who had either open or laparoscopic liver surgery, involving 546 patients in total.
- - Results showed that in patients undergoing open surgery, the risk of PHLF increased with Pringle times over 120 minutes; however, laparoscopic surgery did not show a significant risk of PHLF related to Pringle times.
- - The findings suggest that laparoscopic hepatectomy has a lower rate of PHLF even with longer IPM durations compared to open hepatectomy, indicating a potential benefit for laparoscopic procedures.
Article Synopsis
- A large-scale study across 63 high-volume centers in Japan investigated the link between antithrombotic therapy and postpancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH) among 7116 patients who underwent pancreatectomy from 2015 to 2018.
- Of the participants, 920 patients (12.9%) were on antithrombotic medications, and the study found that this group had a significantly higher incidence of PPH (5.7% vs. 3.0%) and mortality (2.2% vs. 0.9%).
- The findings indicate that prior use of antithrombotics is a notable risk factor for PPH and mortality, especially if therapy is restarted within
Article Synopsis
- Pancreatic lipomas (PLs) are rare tumors arising from fat tissue in the pancreas, and this is the first reported case of a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) coexisting with a PL.
- The 69-year-old male patient, who had a 12 cm PL diagnosed 12 years prior, experienced complications related to liver damage and elevated inflammatory markers, leading to a differential diagnosis that included various types of pancreatic tumors.
- After treatment and surgery, histological analysis confirmed that the patient had PDAC complicated by chronic pancreatitis, while the lipoma was identified as benign and not indicative of liposarcoma.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a typical refractory malignancy, and many patients have distant organ metastases at diagnosis, such as liver metastasis and peritoneal dissemination. The standard treatment for unresectable PDAC with distant organ metastasis (UR-M) is chemotherapy, but the prognosis remained poor. However, with recent dramatic developments in chemotherapy, the prognosis has gradually improved, and some patients have experienced marked shrinkage or disappearance of their metastatic lesions.
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