Various Laparoscopic Techniques in Pelvic Organ Prolapse Surgery.

In the past, transvaginal surgery, native tissue restoration, or obliterative methods have been used in the majority of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgeries. Since laparoscopy has gained popularity, other procedures have been created to provide additional POP repair alternatives. Laparoscopic technique offers many advantages compared to open or transvaginal surgery when it comes to anatomical and surgical outcomes, recurrence rates, and patient's acceptance.

[Pelvic Reconstruction in Abdominal Trachelectomy and Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy for Occult Uterine Endometrial Cancer Found in Specimens Removed in the Context of Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy].

In the patients undergoing pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repairs, the incidence of occult uterine endometrial cancer is low and there is no established management procedure for preoperative cancer screening. We report a case of pelvic reconstruction in abdominal trachelectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for occult uterine endometrial cancer found in specimens removed in the context of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC). A 70-year-old woman presented to our center with cystocele.

Medium term anatomical and functional outcomes following modified laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy.

Introduction And Hypothesis: We evaluated the anatomical and functional outcomes following modified laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) utilizing deep dissection of the vaginal walls and distal mesh fixation at the anterior and posterior compartments. We hypothesized that anatomical and functional outcomes improve after this modified LSC technique.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of all women (n = 240) who underwent LSC for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) from January to December 2017 in a tertiary center.

Laparoscopic repair of vesicovaginal fistula caused by radiation therapy: Use of a perirectal fat interposition graft.

Introduction: We present a case of laparoscopic repair of vesicovaginal fistula caused by radiation therapy using a perirectal fatty tissue interposition graft.

Case Presentation: A 72-year-old woman was diagnosed with vesicovaginal fistula induced by radiation therapy. Repair of the vesicovaginal fistula was achieved via laparoscopic approach.

Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy in a patient with vault prolapse of the sigmoid stump after vaginoplasty in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome: A case report.

Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly that results in Müllerian agenesis that affects the uterus and upper two-thirds of the vagina. Sigmoid vaginoplasty is a surgical treatment option; however, vaginal prolapse may result as a complication of the sigmoid neovagina. There are no standards for treatment due to the rarity of this condition.

Clinical outcomes after laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy for pelvic organ prolapse: A 3-year follow-up study.

Objectives: To evaluate the mid-range subjective and objective success rate of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy.

Methods: Of the 317 women with pelvic organ prolapse who underwent laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy surgery at the same center between January 2013 and March 2015, we assessed 233 patients who were followed up for >3 years. We carried out urogynecological examinations and used questionnaires for the postoperative assessment of the patients.

Transvaginal surgery using self-cut mesh for pelvic organ prolapse: 3-year clinical outcomes.

Objectives: To evaluate subjective and objective outcomes, complication, recurrence, and reoperation rates after transvaginal mesh surgery for the management of pelvic organ prolapse.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of transvaginal mesh surgery carried out using self-cut mesh measuring subjective outcomes using validated questionnaires, and objective outcomes using Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification. Patients diagnosed with stage ≥2 pelvic organ prolapse were counseled about all possible surgical options.

Laparoscopic ventral rectopexy with sacrocolpopexy for coexisting pelvic organ prolapse and external rectal prolapse.

Objectives: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) POP is defined as the protrusion of pelvic organs from the vaginal canal. POP often coexists with internal rectal prolapse or external rectal prolapse (ERP). A series of patients with coexisting POP and ERP who underwent laparoscopic ventral rectopexy (LVR) combined with laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) are reported here.

[CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF LAPAROSCOPIC SACROCOLPOPEXY FOR PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF 500 CASES FROM A SINGLE INSTITUTION].

(Objectives) Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) is becoming a more popular alternative for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repair in Japan in the recent years. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of LSC. (Patients and methods) This is a retrospective study on all the LSC cases that were performed in Urogynecology center, Kameda Medical Center, Japan from January 2013 to March 2016.

Upregulation of arginine vasopressin synthesis in the rat hypothalamus after kainic acid-induced seizures.

We examined the effects of kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures on arginine vasopressin (AVP) gene expression in the paraventricular (PVN) and the supraoptic nuclei (SON) of normal rats using in situ hybridization histochemistry. We also investigated the expression of the AVP-enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) fusion gene after KA-induced seizures in transgenic rats. AVP heteronuclear (hn) RNA levels in the PVN and the SON were significantly increased at 3h and 24h after subcutaneous (s.

Complete disruption of all nitric oxide synthase genes causes markedly accelerated renal lesion formation following unilateral ureteral obstruction in mice in vivo.

The role of nitric oxide (NO) derived from all three NO synthases (NOSs) in renal lesion formation remains to be fully elucidated. We addressed this point in mice lacking all NOSs. Renal injury was induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

Involvement of orexin-A on micturition reflex in normal and cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis bladder in rat.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of orexin-A in the spinal cord on bladder function in normal rats and cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis rat models. The effects of intrathecal (i.t.

Effect of ER-beta gene disruption on estrogenic regulation of anxiety in female mice.

It has been shown that long-term estrogen treatment in gonadectomized female mice increases anxiety levels. On the other hand, a recent study has reported that estrogen may down-regulate the levels of anxiety by acting through estrogen receptor (ER) beta. In the present study, we investigated the role of ER-beta in the regulation of anxiety levels in female mice after long-term estrogen treatment.

Effect of eviprostat on bladder overactivity in an experimental cystitis rat model.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of eviprostat, a phytotherapeutic drug, on bladder overactivity and inflammation in a cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis rat model.

Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of CYP (200 mg/kg) or saline. After the CYP injection, eviprostat (9, 18 or 54 mg/kg per day) or a vehicle was orally given twice each day.

Thalamic neural activation in the cyclophosphamide-induced visceral pain model in mice.

The afferent nociceptive information from the lower urinary tract terminates in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, and then projects to the thalamus. In the present study, we examined the effects of visceral nociception from the lower urinary tract on the neural activity of thalamic neurons using cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced cystitis, a model of visceral nociception. The levels of c-fos mRNA as well as protein, a marker of neural activation, were investigated in the thalamus using in situ hybridization histochemistry and immunohistochemistry.

An angiotensin II receptor blocker increases sexual behavior in type 2 diabetic mice.

The present study was conducted to examine the effects of olmersartan, angiotensin (ANG) II type 1 (AT(1)) receptor antagonist, on the sexual function in type 2 diabetes model mice. Twenty-week-old KK/Ta mice were used as a model of type 2 diabetes. Age-matched ICR and BALB/C mice were used as non-diabetic controls.

Prostate cancer cells increase androgen sensitivity by increase in nuclear androgen receptor and androgen receptor coactivators; a possible mechanism of hormone-resistance of prostate cancer cells.

Although androgen-hypersensitivity is one of the possible pathways of hormone-resistance in prostate cancer, the mechanisms of androgen-hypersensitivity are still largely unknown. Using androgen-hypersensitive prostate cancer cells LN-TR2, established from androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells by the long term treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha, we explored the mechanisms of androgen-hypersensitivity in prostate cancer cells which may thus play a role in hormone-resistance. We examined the androgen receptor (AR) DNA sequence and the expression levels of AR and 8 AR cofactors in LNCaP and LN-TR2 cells.

Up-regulation of galanin and corticotropin-releasing hormone mRNAs in the key hypothalamic and amygdaloid nuclei in a mouse model of visceral pain.

Cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced cystitis is often used as an animal model of visceral pain. Various neuropeptides in the hypothalamic and amygdaloid nuclei are implicated in pain-induced responses. However, little information is available regarding the regulation of the neuropeptides in response to visceral pain.

Up-regulation of interleukin-6 gene expression in cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis in mice: An in situ hybridization histochemical study.

Aim: To determine the time course and the cellular sources of interleukin (IL)-6 in the bladder during experimental cystitis, the expression of the IL-6 gene and IL-6 protein was examined in the bladder during cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced cystitis.

Methods: Mice were killed at 0, 1, 2, 6, 12 and 48 h after the intraperitoneal administration of 0.9% saline containing either CP (200 mg/kg) or saline.

The hypothalamo-pituitary axis responses to lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia in mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase.

Nitric oxide (NO) generated by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) may be implicated in the biological responses of the central nervous system to immune stimuli. To elucidate the role of iNOS in the hypothalamo-pituitary axis in responses to endotoxemia, using iNOS knockout (KO) mice, we examined the levels of c-fos, a neural activational marker, and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) gene transcription in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and central amygdala (CeAMY) during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia. In addition, the serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels were also examined during endotoxemia.

Estrogen receptor-beta gene disruption potentiates estrogen-inducible aggression but not sexual behaviour in male mice.

Aggressive behaviour of gonadally intact male mice is increased by estrogen receptor (ER)-beta gene disruption, whereas sexual behaviour remains unchanged. The elevated aggression levels following ER-beta gene disruption is pronounced during repeated aggression tests in young animals and the first aggression test in adults. In the present study, the roles of ER-beta activation in the regulation of aggressive and sexual behaviour were investigated in gonadectomized ER-beta knockout (betaERKO) and wild-type (WT) male mice treated with various doses of estrogen.

Current and future status of prostate cancer chemoprevention.

Prostate cancer remains one of the most common malignancies in Western countries and is also increasing in Asian countries. The high incidence, influence of environmental factors, such as androgen, and extended natural history of prostate cancer provide multiple opportunities for prevention; therefore prostate cancer is an ideal candidate for chemoprevention. The development of chemoprevention strategies against prostate cancer would have a huge impact, both medically and economically.

Bladder-sparing surgery and continent urinary diversion using the appendix (Mitrofanoff procedure) for urethral cancer.

We performed bladder-sparing surgery and continent urinary diversion in two patients with urethral cancer. The first patient was a 58-year-old man with bulbomembranous urethral cancer (squamous cell carcinoma, cT2N0M0). The second patient was a 77-year-old woman with urethral cancer invading the vaginal wall (transitional cell carcinoma with squamous cell carcinoma, cT3N0M0).