Exaggerated compensatory response to acute respiratory alkalosis in panic disorder is induced by increased lactic acid production.

Background: In acute respiratory alkalosis, the severity of alkalaemia is ameliorated by a decrease in plasma [HCO(3)(-)] of 0.2 mEq/L for each 1 mmHg decrease in PaCO(2). Although hyperventilation in panic disorder patients is frequently encountered in outpatients, the drop in plasma [HCO(3)(-)] sometimes surpasses the expectation calculated from the above formula.

Role of aldose reductase in the peritoneal changes of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

Background/aims: The mesothelium of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) is exposed to glucose in dialysate. Glucose metabolites 3-deoxyglucosone and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in the PD fluid induce peritoneal damage. Circulating factors also affect the peritoneum in the uremic model and predialysis patients.

Tranexamic acid-induced visual impairment in a hemodialysis patient.

We report a case of overdosage of tranexamic acid (TNA), which was suggested as the cause of visual impairment in a 56-year-old man. He had been undergoing chronic hemodialysis for 1 year, following 10 years of peritoneal dialysis. He had been hospitalized for an emergency operation for a bleeding ulcer of the stomach and duodenum.

A rare combination of sites of involvement by Mycobacterium intracellulare in a hemodialysis patient: multifocal synovitis, spondylitis, and multiple skin lesions.

Purpose: Atypical mycobacterial infection is a rare but serious hazard in immunocompromised patients including those undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and immunosuppressive therapy. Recognition of unusual involvement patterns is important.

Methods: We describe an extremely rare combination of complications caused by such an organism in a patient with end-stage renal disease: spinal osteolysis and multiple skin lesions associated with synovitis.