Interventions to prevent surface transmission of an infectious virus based on real human touch behavior: a case study of the norovirus.

Objectives: Infectious viruses (e.g., SARS-CoV-2, norovirus) can transmit through surfaces.

Photorefractive keratectomy: measuring the matrix metalloproteinase activity and chondroitin sulfate concentration in tear fluid.

We herein report the case of a 20-year-old man who underwent a photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). We measured matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity and chondroitin 4 sulfate and chondroitin 6 sulfate concentrations in tear fluid. Tear fluid was collected pre-operatively via microcapillary tube, and was collected postoperatively on the first and fourth days, and after one week, one month, three months, and six months.

Correlation between the matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and chondroitin sulfate concentrations in tear fluid after laser in situ keratomileusis.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) concentrations in human tear fluid following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Methods: Twelve eyes from six patients who had no ocular complaints except for refractive errors, and who had undergone LASIK, were enrolled in this study. We measured the concentrations of chondroitin 4 sulfate (C4S), chondroitin 6 sulfate (C6S), and MMP-9 activity with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and an enzyme immunocapture activity assay preoperatively and postoperatively on days 1 and 4, week 1, and at 1 and 3 months.

Quantitative analysis of chondroitin sulfate in tear fluids following laser in situ keratomileusis.

Purpose: To report chondroitin sulfate (CS) concentrations in tear fluid following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Methods: Fourteen eyes that underwent LASIK were enrolled. We measured the CS isomers chondroitin 4 sulfate and chondroitin 6 sulfate using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay preoperatively and postoperatively on days 1 and 4, week 1, and 1 and 3 months.