Long-term Outcome After Surgical Resection of Para-aortic Lymph Node Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: The significance of resection of para-aortic lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer is controversial.

Objective: To clarify the prognosis of colorectal cancer after para-aortic lymph node metastasis resection.

Design: Multicenter retrospective study.

A pathological complete response after nivolumab plus ipilimumab therapy for DNA mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability-high metastatic colon cancer: A case report.

The standard treatment for colorectal cancer has always been surgery and chemotherapy, which may be used in combination to treat patients. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been a significant advancement in the standard treatment of metastatic, unresectable colorectal cancer with deficient mismatch repair. However, little information is available about their use in neoadjuvant and conversion settings with only a few case reports and only one phase 2 trial.

An anatomical review of various superior mesenteric artery-first approaches during pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer.

When pancreatic head cancer invades the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), attempts at curative resection are aborted. Preoperative imaging diagnostics to determine the surgical curability have yet to surpass the intraoperative information acquired via inspection, palpation, and trial dissection. Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is a standard measure for treating periampullary cancers.

Assessment of the Changes in Mitochondrial Gene Polymorphism in Ulcerative Colitis and the Etiology of Ulcerative Colitis-associated Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Mitochondria are energy-producing organelles, and dysfunction in these organelles causes various types of disease. Although several studies have identified mutations in nuclear DNA that are associated with the etiology of ulcerative colitis (UC), information regarding mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in UC is limited. This study aimed to investigate the mitochondrial DNA polymorphism underlying the etiology of UC and UC-associated colorectal cancer.

The influence of pulmonary comorbidities on treatment choice and short-term surgical outcomes among elderly patients with colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Most elderly patients with colorectal cancer have comorbidities and reduced functional reserve, which may increase their risks of postoperative morbidity and mortality, and subsequently influence the treatment choice. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the treatment choice and compare laparoscopic and open surgery in this setting.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 118 patients with colorectal cancer (≥ 85 years old between January 2007 and February 2018) to determine the influence of comorbidities on treatment choice, as well as the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic surgery for these patients.

Cecal cancer with essential thrombocythemia treated by laparoscopic ileocecal resection: a case report.

Background: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by thrombocytosis and a propensity for both thrombotic and hemorrhagic events. ET rarely occurs simultaneously with colorectal cancer. Here, we report a case of colorectal cancer in an ET patient treated using laparoscopic ileocecal resection.

The component changes of lysophospholipid mediators in colorectal cancer.

Although lysophospholipids are known to play an important role in the development and progression of several kinds of cancers, their role in human colorectal cancer is as yet unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate lysophospholipid levels in colorectal cancer tissues to identify lysophospholipids, the levels of which change specifically in colorectal cancers. We used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to measure lysophospholipid levels in cancerous and normal tissues from 11 surgical specimens of sigmoid colon cancers, since recent advances in this field have improved detection sensitivities for lysophospholipids.

Molecular Subtypes Are Frequently Discordant Between Lesions in Patients With Synchronous Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Analysis of 59 Patients.

Background: We aimed to investigate the molecular features of synchronous colorectal cancer (CRC).

Materials And Methods: Out of 1,262 patients with CRC, 130 lesions in 59 patients with synchronous CRC were retrospectively analyzed. Microsatellite, v-Ki-Ras2 Kristen rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF), tumor protein 53 (TP53) and β-catenin status were evaluated and compared between synchronous CRC lesions in each patient.

Venous thromboembolism in colorectal surgery: Incidence, risk factors, and prophylaxis.

Colorectal surgery is associated with a high risk of perioperative venous thromboembolism (VTE), and this risk is especially high following colorectal cancer resection and surgery for inflammatory bowel disease. Previous analyses of large databases have reported the incidence of postoperative VTE in this population to be approximately 1.1%-2.

Neoadjuvant imatinib therapy in rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a rare entity. Thus, its clinical features have not been well documented, and optimal treatment strategies have not been established. Surgery for rectal GISTs may be difficult because they are often large in size.

Safety of intraperitoneal paclitaxel combined with conventional chemotherapy for colorectal cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis: a phase I trial.

Purpose: Peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal cancer origin is associated with poor prognosis. With regard to ovarian, gastric, and pancreatic cancer, the safety and efficacy of intraperitoneal administration of paclitaxel (ip PTX) has been demonstrated. This drug can be administered easily and repeatedly through a catheter into the peritoneal cavity.

Prognostic Significance and Clinicopathological Features of Synchronous Colorectal Cancer.

Aim: This study aimed to clarify the difference in the clinicopathological and prognostic features between synchronous colorectal cancer (CRC) and solitary CRC.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in patients with synchronous and solitary CRC.

Results: A total of 92 (7.

Predictors for High Microsatellite Instability in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Fulfilling the Revised Bethesda Guidelines.

Background: The revised Bethesda guidelines (rBG) are generally used for screening of Lynch syndrome, and few researchers have investigated the associations between microsatellite instability (MSI) status and each item of the rBG.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included patients with colorectal cancer who were classified into those fulfilling the rBG (Bethesda group) and those not (control group). The breakdown of each item in the rBG and predictors of high MSI (MSI-H) were determined in the Bethesda group.

MYU, a Target lncRNA for Wnt/c-Myc Signaling, Mediates Induction of CDK6 to Promote Cell Cycle Progression.

Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a major driving force in colon cancer. Wnt/β-catenin signaling induces the expression of the transcription factor c-Myc, leading to cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. c-Myc regulates multiple biological processes through its ability to directly modulate gene expression.

Long noncoding RNA UPAT promotes colon tumorigenesis by inhibiting degradation of UHRF1.

Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported to be dysregulated in human cancers and play critical roles in tumor development and progression. Furthermore, it has been reported that many lncRNAs regulate gene expression by recruiting chromatin remodeling complexes to specific genomic loci or by controlling transcriptional or posttranscriptional processes. Here we show that an lncRNA termed UPAT [ubiquitin-like plant homeodomain (PHD) and really interesting new gene (RING) finger domain-containing protein 1 (UHRF1) Protein Associated Transcript] is required for the survival and tumorigenicity of colorectal cancer cells.

REG4 is a transcriptional target of GATA6 and is essential for colorectal tumorigenesis.

The transcription factor GATA6 is a critical regulator of cell proliferation and development in the gastrointestinal tract. We have recently reported that GATA6 induces the expression of the intestinal stem cell marker LGR5 and enhances the clonogenicity and tumorigenicity of colon cancer cells, but not the growth of these cells cultured under adherent conditions. Here we show that REG4, a member of the regenerating islet-derived (REG) family, is also a target of GATA6.

Phospholipase A2 Group III and Group X Have Opposing Associations with Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Although secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) has been shown to be involved in various biological processes, its specific roles in sub-types of cancer development remain to be elucidated.

Materials And Methods: We examined the expression of sPLA2 group III (GIII) in 142 patients with colorectal cancer using immunohistochemistry, and its correlation with clinicopathological features and outcomes. In addition, we examined the co-expression of sPLA2GIII and sPLA2GX using serial tissue sections to clarify the roles of both proteins in colorectal carcinogenesis.

Tracheobronchitis with dyspnea in a patient with ulcerative colitis.

We herein report the case of a 42-year-old man with a one-year history of ulcerative colitis who presented with exacerbated bloody diarrhea, a productive cough and increasing breathing difficulties. Colonoscopy revealed typical deep ulcers in the rectosigmoid colon and atypical multiple sucker-like ulcers in the transverse colon, and computed tomography of the chest demonstrated wall thickening of the trachea and bronchi. In addition, bronchoscopy showed ulcers in the trachea, and histopathology disclosed findings of necrosis and inflammation of the subepithelial tissue of the trachea.

Phosphatidylserine-specific phospholipase A1 (PS-PLA1) expression in colorectal cancer correlates with tumor invasion and hematogenous metastasis.

Background: The function of phosphatidylserine-specific phospholipase A1 (PS-PLA1), a phospholipase that acts specifically on phosphatidylserine and produces lysophosphatidylserine, a lysophospholipid mediator, has not been fully elucidated. We evaluated the role of PS-PLA1 in oncogenesis and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Materials And Methods: Specimens from 85 patients with CRC were immunostained with a monoclonal antibody against PS-PLA1.

Successful treatment of rectovaginal fistula complicating ulcerative colitis with infliximab: a case report and review of the literature.

Rectovaginal fistula is a rare complication of ulcerative colitis (UC) regardless of surgical history of rectum. Various surgical treatment modalities for the closure of rectovaginal fistula have been developed, but a radically curative therapy remains to be developed. Recently, infliximab, the chimeric anti-human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) antibody, has been largely applied for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and a few reports have shown its partial effectiveness in the management of rectovaginal fistulas associated with UC.

Temsirolimus and chloroquine cooperatively exhibit a potent antitumor effect against colorectal cancer cells.

Purpose: Temsirolimus (TEM) is a novel, water-soluble mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor that has shown activity against a wide range of cancers in preclinical models, but its efficacy against colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been fully explored.

Methods: We evaluated the antitumor effect of TEM in CRC cell lines (CaR-1, HT-29, Colon26) in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, cell growth inhibition was assessed using a MTS assay.

The miR-363-GATA6-Lgr5 pathway is critical for colorectal tumourigenesis.

Aberrant activation of Wnt signalling results in colorectal tumours. Lgr5 is specifically expressed in stem cells of the intestine and has an essential role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Lgr5-positive stem cells are responsible for the intestinal adenoma initiated by mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli.

The miR-1-NOTCH3-Asef pathway is important for colorectal tumor cell migration.

The tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is mutated in sporadic and familial colorectal tumors. APC stimulates the activity of the Cdc42- and Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor Asef and promotes the migration and invasion of colorectal tumor cells. Furthermore, Asef is overexpressed in colorectal tumors and is required for colorectal tumorigenesis.

The expression of phospholipase A2 group X is inversely associated with metastasis in colorectal cancer.

Among the secretory phospholipase A2s (sPLA2), sPLA2 group X (PLA2GX) has the most potent hydrolyzing activity toward phosphatidylcholine, and has recently been shown to be implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate PLA2GX expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its correlation with patient clinicopathological features. The present study comprises a series of 158 patients who underwent surgical resection for primary CRC.