Prognostic significance of immunotherapy in postoperative recurrent non-small cell lung cancer without EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangements.

Background: Limited reports exist regarding postoperative recurrent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without major driver mutations [epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements] treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) when programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed in a real-world setting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ICIs for those NSCLC.

Methods: We enrolled 255 patients with postoperative recurrent NSCLC lacking EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangements who underwent lobectomy or more extensive resection between 2012 and 2021.

Association between pathological infiltrative tumor growth pattern and prognosis in patients with resected lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) usually shows expansive growth with large tumor nests; few reports on invasive growth patterns (INF) in LUSC have been associated with poor prognosis in gastrointestinal and urothelial cancers. In this study, we examine the association between INF and the prognosis of LUSC.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed INF as a potential prognostic factor in 254 consecutive patients with LUSC who underwent complete surgical resection at our hospital between 2008 and 2017.

Sublobar resection utilizing near-infrared thoracoscopy with intravenous indocyanine green for intralobar pulmonary sequestration: a case report and literature review.

Background: Pulmonary sequestration is a rare pulmonary malformation, with intralobar pulmonary sequestration being the most common subtype. Lobectomy has generally been performed for its treatment, owing to unclear boundaries of the lesion. However, recent reports have introduced lung resection using intravenous indocyanine green (ICG) as a treatment for pulmonary sequestrations.

Clinical utility of psoas muscle volume in assessment of sarcopenia in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: Sarcopenia influences postoperative outcomes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Imaging tools for evaluating and diagnosing sarcopenia have developed, and a novel method of psoas volume index (PVI) obtained by measuring bilateral psoas major muscle volume has been reported. However, the relationship between sarcopenia based on PVI and clinical outcomes has not been fully investigated for patients with early-stage NSCLC.

Prognostic impact of artificial intelligence-based volumetric quantification of the solid part of the tumor in clinical stage 0-I adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: The size of the solid part of a tumor, as measured using thin-section computed tomography, can help predict disease prognosis in patients with early-stage lung cancer. Although three-dimensional volumetric analysis may be more useful than two-dimensional evaluation, measuring the solid part of some lesions is difficult using this methods. We developed an artificial intelligence-based analysis software that can distinguish the solid and non-solid parts (ground-grass opacity).

Artificial intelligence analysis of three-dimensional imaging data derives factors associated with postoperative recurrence in patients with radiologically solid-predominant small-sized lung cancers.

Objectives: Indications of limited resection, such as segmentectomy, have recently been reported for patients with solid-predominant lung cancers ≤2 cm. This study aims to identify unfavourable prognostic factors using three-dimensional imaging analysis with artificial intelligence (AI) technology.

Methods: A total of 157 patients who had clinical N0 non-small cell lung cancer with a radiological size ≤2 cm, and a consolidation tumour ratio > 0.

Effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on a rat model of bleomycin-induced interstitial pneumonia.

Background: Even if lung cancer is detected at an early stage, surgery may be difficult in patients with severe comorbidities, like interstitial pneumonia (IP). Radiation therapy cannot be performed due to the high risk of acute IP exacerbation. Therefore, an effective alternative, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), is required.

The Correlation Between Fissureless Technique and Prolonged Air Leak for Patients Undergoing Video-Assisted Right Upper Lobectomy.

Purpose: We aimed to assess the clinical usefulness of the fissureless technique, which avoided dissection of the lung parenchyma over the pulmonary artery, in preventing prolonged air leak after video-assisted thoracic surgery right upper lobectomy (VATS RUL).

Methods: Perioperative outcomes, including the frequency of prolonged air leak after fissureless technique or traditional fissure dissection technique, which dissected the lung parenchyma through the fissure, were compared in patients who underwent VATS RUL (n = 213) between January 2016 and March 2020. We adopted our fissural grade to evaluate the degree of fused fissure ranging from II (light incomplete fissure) to IV (severe incomplete fissure), which covered all fissural grades in 213 patients.

Clinical usefulness of the 3-tier classification according to the proportion of morphological patterns for patients with pathological stage I invasive lung adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: We classified pathological stage I invasive lung adenocarcinomas according to our 3-tier classification, which was based on the proportion of invasive morphological patterns as follows: (1) patients with each predominant subtype, (2) those with a minor histological subtype, even not the predominant subtype and (3) those without each invasive component. We aimed to evaluate the classification's clinical impact in survival, recurrence, malignant grade, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutational status.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,269 patients with p-stage I lung adenocarcinoma underwent curative surgical resection between January 2008 and December 2017.

Comparative analysis of the results of video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy simulation using the three-dimensional-printed Biotexture wet-lung model and surgeons' experience.

Objectives: We performed a comparative analysis of the performance of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy simulation using three-dimensional-printed Biotexture lung models by surgeons classified according to their level of expertise. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between surgeons' experience and time to complete the VATS lobectomy simulation.

Methods: Participants were divided into 3 groups: group A included those who had no experience of actual VATS lobectomy (n = 11), group B included those who had performed 5-10 VATS lobectomies (n = 12) and group C included those who had performed >100 VATS lobectomies (n = 6).

Prognostic Significance of Ground-Glass Opacity Components in 5-Year Survivors With Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Reports on the prognosis for 5-year survivors with lung adenocarcinoma after resection are sparse. This study aimed to identify factors associated with overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) for 5-year survivors with completely resected lung adenocarcinoma, and to determine whether preoperative imaging factors, including the presence of ground-glass opacity (GGO) components, affect late recurrence in long-term survivors.

Methods: Complete resection of lung adenocarcinoma was performed for 1681 patients between January 2000 and December 2013.

Significant prognostic determinants in lung cancers of the superior sulcus: comparable analysis of resected and unresected cases.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to identify prognostic determinants and to comparably analyze clinical features of patients with both resected and unresected superior sulcus tumors (SSTs).

Methods: The data of 56 patients who underwent any treatment for an SST from 2004 through 2016 in our hospital were reviewed. Overall survival (OS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Profiles of Lung Adenocarcinoma With Multiple Ground-Glass Opacities and the Fate of Residual Lesions.

Background: We aimed to clarify clinical profiles of patients with adenocarcinoma presenting as multifocal ground-glass opacities (MGGOs) to assess their prognosis and the optimal management method for residual satellite lesions.

Methods: We identified 190 patients with cN0 MGGOs (MGGO cohort) and 1426 patients with solitary lung adenocarcinoma (control cohort) who underwent complete resection between 2004 and 2016. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics of both cohorts for survival analyses.

Epidermal growth factor receptor mutation subtype has differential effects on adjuvant chemotherapy for resected adenocarcinoma pathological stages II-III.

The aim of the present study was to investigate epidermal growth factor receptor () mutations as a prognostic factor for postoperative patients with positive mutations treated with postoperative platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy (PBAC), and whether two common mutations exhibit different responses to PBAC. A total of 110 patients who underwent complete surgical resection were enrolled, and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were investigated based on mutation status and PBAC. The 3 year OS rate in patient groups were as follows: Patients with mutations (MT) undergoing PBAC, 89.

Prognostic impact of solid-part tumour volume doubling time in patients with radiological part-solid or solid lung cancer.

Objectives: The measurement of part-solid and whole tumour sizes in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using computed tomography (CT) has been widely accepted for assessing clinical outcomes. Although the volume doubling time (VDT) of a tumour is useful for distinguishing high-risk nodules from low-risk ones, it remains to be clarified whether separate calculation of whole-tumour VDT and solid-part tumour VDT (SVDT) greatly affects the survival rate of patients with radiologically node-negative part-solid or solid NSCLC.

Methods: The study included 258 patients with NSCLC who had radiologically node-negative, part-solid or solid tumours and who had at least 2 preoperative CT scans taken more than 30 days apart followed by radical lobectomy and systemic lymph node dissection between January 2012 and December 2015.

A combination therapy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and airway stent placement using a transparent silicone stent.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a combination therapy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and airway stent placement using a transparent silicone stent (gold studded stent [GSS]). Laser irradiation (664 nm, continuous wave) was performed through the GSS using a straight and cylindrical fiber 1.0 cm away from a power meter.

Computed Tomography Histogram Approach to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Clinical Stage IA Lung Cancer.

Background: Quantitative computed tomography (CT) histogram analysis of tumors is reported to help distinguish between invasive and less invasive lung cancers. This study aimed to clarify whether CT histogram analysis of tumors can be used to classify patients with clinical stage 0 to IA non-small cell lung cancer according to pathologic lymph node (pN) status.

Methods: Predictive factors associated with pN metastasis were identified from the derivation dataset including 629 patients with clinical stage 0 to IA non-small cell lung cancer who underwent complete resection with lymph node dissection (surgeries between 2008 and 2013).

Clinicopathological characteristics and treatment strategies for young lung cancer patients.

Background: The reported age-specific survival rates of lung cancer patients have been largely inconsistent. Management strategies for younger patients and treatment outcomes are not well characterized.

Methods: Out of the 4,697 lung cancer patients with treatment history at Tokyo Medical University Hospital between January 2000 and December 2014, 266 patients were <49 years of age.

Cytological differences between invasive and noninvasive or minimally invasive lung adenocarcinomas diagnosed in Japanese patients using needle biopsy specimens of pulmonary lesions ≤3 cm in diameter.

Background: According to the WHO classification for lung cancer, adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) have a better prognosis than invasive adenocarcinoma (IAD). However, detecting the foci of invasion in lung adenocarcinomas radiologically remains difficult. The present study examined whether or not differences in the cytological characteristics between IAD and AIS or MIA (noninvasive or minimally invasive adenocarcinomas [NMIAD]) plays a role in the differential diagnosis.

Prognostic impact of the integration of volumetric quantification of the solid part of the tumor on 3DCT and FDG-PET imaging in clinical stage IA adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to conduct comparative analyses of the biological malignant potential of clinical stage IA adenocarcinoma using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), high-resolution CT (HRCT), and three-dimensional CT (3DCT). The predictive performance of these parameters was evaluated in terms of clinical outcomes and pathological invasiveness (positive lymphatic permeation, blood-vessel invasion, pleural invasion, and lymph-node metastasis).

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 170 patients with c-IA adenocarcinoma who underwent PET/CT, HRCT, and 3D reconstruction of lung structures using the Synapse Vincent system (Fujifilm Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) followed by complete resection.