Publications by authors named "Masatomo Kuno"
Article Synopsis
- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has poor outcomes when it relapses after stem cell transplants, but blinatumomab, a new treatment, shows promise, especially for advanced B-cell ALL.
- The case study highlights a 56-year-old woman who achieved a third complete remission (CR) with two cycles of blinatumomab after developing isolated extramedullary relapse (EMR) post-transplant.
- The patient remained free of complications and experienced a confirmed 2-year treatment-free remission, suggesting that blinatumomab is an effective option for treating EMR of B-ALL after allo-HCT due to its association with lower tumor burdens.
Article Synopsis
- Traditional relapse prediction models for post-transplant patients don't adapt based on new information collected after the transplant, making them less effective for treatment adjustments.
- This study focused on creating a dynamic relapse prediction model specifically for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), utilizing WT1mRNA levels from blood tests.
- The new model demonstrated significantly better predictive performance compared to older models, allowing for real-time predictions of relapse risk and is accessible through a user-friendly web application.
Article Synopsis
- - A 55-year-old man with a history of allo-HCT for myelodysplastic syndrome developed late-onset idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS) after experiencing acute respiratory distress and skin GVHD flare-up.
- - Despite multiple tests showing no infections and a poor response to standard steroid treatment, the patient improved significantly after receiving eight infusions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), successfully preventing IPS recurrence for over a year.
- - This case reinforces recent preclinical findings suggesting that MSC infusion could be a promising new treatment for late-onset IPS, which traditionally has seen poor outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- * A study examined immune cell types and immunoglobulin levels in 39 patients who survived more than a year post-transplant, revealing significant differences based on the type of GVHD prophylaxis used.
- * Results indicated that patients receiving posttransplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) had better B-cell recovery and higher serum IgG levels compared to those treated conventionally, suggesting PTCy could help mitigate cGVHD.
Article Synopsis
- Traditional phone surveys for tracking health after peripheral blood stem cell harvest (PBSCH) are inefficient, prompting the creation of a web-based donor app for better patient-reported outcomes (ePRO).* -
- A study compared the donor app to phone surveys, discovering that app users reported their health status more frequently and required less follow-up time from healthcare professionals.* -
- Results indicated that the app yields more detailed health data without adding extra strain on donors or healthcare providers, showing promise for improving monitoring processes.*
Article Synopsis
- * A study of 69 MDS patients undergoing their first allo-HSCT found that having SIADs before the transplant significantly increases the risk of death (HR, 3.36; p = 0.009).
- * Patients with SIADs faced a higher likelihood of developing serious complications like endothelial dysfunction syndrome, which contributed to early mortality after allo-HSCT.
Article Synopsis
- Veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (VOD/SOS) is a serious complication following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), with a significant need for identifying high-risk patients prior to the procedure.
- A study of 252 patients found that higher serum autotaxin (ATX) levels before conditioning were linked to an increased incidence of VOD/SOS, showing that patients with elevated ATX had a 22.7% incidence compared to just 3.5% in those with normal levels.
- Elevated baseline ATX was determined to be an independent risk factor for VOD/SOS, indicating its potential as a valuable predictive marker for assessing risk in patients undergoing allo
Article Synopsis
- - The study examines how the HLA-B leader dimorphism (either methionine or threonine at position -21) affects outcomes in patients who underwent a specific type of stem cell transplant (PTCy-haplo) using posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy).
- - Results showed that in patients receiving low doses of PTCy, having the methionine (M+) genotype correlated with poorer overall survival, while in the high-dose group, this genotype was linked to a reduced risk of relapse.
- - The research concludes that the HLA-B leader genotype's effects are influenced by the PTCy dose and highlights the need for further studies to explore the biological mechanisms behind these findings.
Article Synopsis
- Hepatomegaly, or enlarged liver, is an important extramedullary disease symptom in patients with hematological cancers but its role before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is not fully understood.
- A study of 140 patients with acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome indicated that higher liver index (LI) ratios based on height were linked to an increased risk of relapse after allo-HCT, particularly in patients not in complete remission (NonCR).
- The analysis revealed that while the LI/height ratio was a significant predictor of relapse in NonCR patients, it did not show the same effect in patients who achieved complete remission (CR), suggesting the need for further investigation into
Article Synopsis
- A study compared the survival outcomes of hematopoietic cell transplants using either mismatched unrelated donors (MMUD) or cord blood (CB) under specific reduced-intensity conditioning methods, finding no significant previous differences reported.* -
- The MMUD group showed lower rates of severe acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and non-relapse mortality, alongside better overall survival rates at 5 years compared to the CB group (62% vs. 31%).* -
- The results suggest that MMUD transplants, especially with improved GVHD prevention methods, may be a better option for older patients or those with additional health issues.*
Article Synopsis
- Blastobotrys mokoenaii is a rare yeast linked to invasive fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
- A case study details a 46-year-old man with AML who developed a B. mokoenaii infection after a second stem cell transplant, leading to his death from multiorgan failure.
- The yeast was misidentified in routine tests but confirmed through DNA sequencing, highlighting the importance of advanced diagnostic methods in recognizing rare fungal pathogens.
Article Synopsis
- Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a serious and often fatal complication that can occur after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), with few known risk factors, including sepsis.
- A 35-year-old male with acute lymphoblastic leukemia underwent HSCT but developed symptoms like fatigue and abdominal pain, leading to his death just days later.
- An autopsy revealed SOS and a widespread infection by Toxoplasma gondii, suggesting a potential connection between T. gondii infection and the development of SOS post-transplant.
Article Synopsis
- In a case study, a 69-year-old man experienced serious late-onset inflammatory reactions and deterioration of nervous system functions seven months after treatment, which ultimately led to his death.
- Persistent central memory CD4+ CAR T cells were found in his blood nearly a year later, suggesting that these cells may contribute to unique late-onset toxicities, highlighting the need for further research to understand and address these issues.
Article Synopsis
- * There are rare cases of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) linked to S. maltophilia, with one notable condition being metastatic cellulitis characterized by painful, red lesions with warm swelling underneath.
- * A specific case illustrated the severe impact of S. maltophilia on an immunocompromised patient, leading to extensive skin damage and ultimately death due to a secondary fungal infection, despite initial treatment of the bloodstream infection.
Article Synopsis
- - A case was reported involving a 39-year-old man who developed idiopathic refractory ascites after undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.
- - The patient's ascites were linked to high portal venous pressure but showed no signs of common complications, leading to the administration of ibrutinib as treatment.
- - Following treatment with ibrutinib, the patient's ascites improved significantly, contributing to a better understanding of the condition's mechanisms and potential treatment strategies.
Article Synopsis
- Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) can effectively treat relapsed hematological cancers by fostering a graft-versus-tumor effect, but it carries risks such as graft-versus-host disease and pulmonary complications.
- Pulmonary complications following DLI can be linked to viral infections, with poorly understood mechanisms, making diagnosis difficult without invasive procedures like bronchoalveolar lavage.
- A specific case of a 62-year-old man reveals that infections from viruses like Human-Rhinovirus (HRV) and Enterovirus (EnV) can lead to serious respiratory issues after DLI, emphasizing the importance of controlling viral replication rather than just inflammation in treatment.
Article Synopsis
- Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are rare but can occur after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), particularly when the donor has allergic conditions.
- In a study involving two patients with acute leukemia, both developed food allergies post-cord blood transplantation, leading to eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE).
- The cases emphasize that unexpected food allergy acquisition after transplantation can lead to EGIDs, particularly in individuals receiving T-cell non-depletion graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, with non-steroidal dietary treatment proving effective.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is being increasingly recognized as a severe complication that contributes to poor prognoses among patients with COVID-19. However, little is known regarding the clinical course of CAPA with hematological malignancies, especially after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). A 29-year-old woman was diagnosed with proven CAPA with an Aspergillus fumigatus identified by cultures of bronchoalveolar lavage and lung biopsy four years after haploidentical HSCT for acute myelogenous leukemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere is currently no evidence that a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccine might be associated with the development of autoimmune hemolytic anemia or disease progression in patients with mature B-cell neoplasm. Our patient was a 71-year-old man with indolent mature B-cell neoplasm who had been monitored for many years without treatment. After receiving the second dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, he developed severe warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe optimal dose of posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) for use in patients undergoing HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation with posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy-haplo) has not been sufficiently examined. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation with a reduced dose of PTCy for patients with a poor prognosis or those with refractory hematological malignancies. We conducted a prospective clinical study of PTCy-haplo with peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) using a modified PTCy dosage regimen consisting of 50 mg/kg on day 3 posttransplantation and a reduced dose of 25 mg/kg on day 4.
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