Prediction of post-operative pulmonary function after lobectomy for primary lung cancer: A comparison among counting method, effective lobar volume, and lobar collapsibility using inspiratory/expiratory CT.

Purpose: To compare the predictabilities of postoperative pulmonary function after lobectomy for primary lung cancer among counting method, effective lobar volume, and lobar collapsibility.

Methods: Forty-nine patients who underwent lobectomy for primary lung cancer were enrolled. All patients underwent inspiratory/expiratory CT and pulmonary function tests 2 weeks before surgery and postoperative pulmonary function tests 6-7 months after surgery.

Volumetric measurement of artificial pure ground-glass nodules at low-dose CT: Comparisons between hybrid iterative reconstruction and filtered back projection.

Purpose: To compare hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) with filtered back projection (FBP) in the volumetry of artificial pure ground-glass nodules (GGNs) with low-dose computed tomography (CT).

Materials And Methods: Artificial GGNs (10 mm-diameter, 523.6 mm(3), -660 HU) in an anthropomorphic chest phantom were scanned by a 256-row multi-slice CT with three dose levels (10, 30, 100 mAs).

Feeding Arteries of Primary Tongue Cancers on Intra-arterial Infusion Chemotherapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the frequency and the predictive factor of each feeding artery on intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy (IAIC) in primary tongue cancer.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 20 patients who received IAIC for primary tongue cancer. The main and accompanying feeding arteries were identified on super-selective angiography of the branches of the external carotid artery.

Mediastinal paraganglioma.

We present a case of mediastinal paraganglioma with radiologic-pathologic correlation. A 48-year-old woman was found incidentally to have a middle mediastinal mass on CT. The mass showed iso-signal intensity compared to that of muscle on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images.

Prediction of adverse cardiac events in dilated cardiomyopathy using cardiac T2* MRI and MIBG scintigraphy.

Iron deficiency and cardiac sympathetic impairment play a role in the worsening of heart failure, and these two conditions may be linked. The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between myocardial iron deficiency, cardiac sympathetic activity, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Cardiac T2* MRI for iron deficiency and (123)I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) imaging for cardiac sympathetic activity were performed in 46 patients with DCM.

Geometrical characteristics of left ventricular dyssynchrony in advanced heart failure. Myocardial strain analysis by tagged MRI.

The aims of this study were to quantify the geometrical differences in left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony in patients with heart failure (HF) using cine-tagged MRI, and to investigate the relationship between dyssynchrony and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in HF.In 67 patients with HF [mean LV ejection fraction (LVEF), 34%], cardiac MRI using a 3-Tesla scanner was performed. The dyssynchrony time between septal and lateral segments (SL-DT) and between basal and apical segments (BA-DT) was computed by cross-correlation analysis of the strain time-curves from the cine-tagged MRI.

Detectability of T1a lung cancer on digital chest radiographs: an observer-performance comparison among 2-megapixel general-purpose, 2-megapixel medical-purpose, and 3-megapixel medical-purpose liquid-crystal display (LCD) monitors.

Background: There has been no comparison of detectability of small lung cancer between general and medical LCD monitors or no comparison of detectability of small lung cancer between solid and part-solid nodules.

Purpose: To compare the detectabilities of T1a lung cancer on chest radiographs on three LCD monitor types: 2-megapixel (MP) for general purpose (General), 2-MP for medical purpose (Medical), and 3-MP-Medical.

Material And Methods: Radiographs from forty patients with T1aN0M0 primary lung cancer (27 solid nodules, 13 part-solid nodules) and 60 patients with no abnormalities on both chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) were consecutively collected.

Interventricular Dyssynchrony Using Tagging Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predicts Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Adult Congenital Heart Disease.

Purpose: Right ventricular (RV) failure and ventricular dyssynchrony are strong determinants of prognosis in patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between interventricular dyssynchrony (IVD) using cine-tagged magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and RV dysfunction in ACHD patients.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-seven patients with ACHD (38 with repaired tetralogy of Fallot; 22 with atrial septal defect; seven with ventricular septal defect) underwent tagging MRI.

Quantitative assessment of right ventricular function and pulmonary regurgitation in surgically repaired tetralogy of Fallot using 256-slice CT: comparison with 3-Tesla MRI.

Objectives: To compare 256-slice cardiac computed tomography (CCT) with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to assess right ventricular (RV) function and pulmonary regurgitant fraction (PRF) in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).

Methods: Thirty-three consecutive patients with repaired TOF underwent retrospective ECG-gated CCT and 3-Tesla CMR. RV and left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV) and ejection fraction (EF) were measured using CCT and CMR.

Differentiation between benign phyllodes tumors and fibroadenomas of the breast on MR imaging.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that contribute to the differentiation between phyllodes tumors (PTs) and fibroadenomas (FAs) on MR imaging.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 19 PTs and 18 FAs with ≥ 2 cm diameter. The presence or absence of a capsule and internal septum, the extent of lobulation, and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were determined.

Improvement of automated right ventricular segmentation using dual-bolus contrast media injection with 256-slice coronary CT angiography.

Rationale And Objectives: To investigate the effect of dual-bolus contrast media injection (dual-CM) on the accuracy of automated right ventricular (RV) segmentation on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

Materials And Methods: A total of 104 patients with suspected and known coronary artery disease underwent 256-slice CCTA with retrospective electrocardiographic (ECG) gating. The patients were divided into 51 patients who underwent single-bolus CM injection (single-CM) and 53 patients who underwent dual-CM.

Quantitative analysis of 1.5-T whole-heart coronary MR angiograms obtained with 32-channel cardiac coils: a comparison with conventional quantitative coronary angiography.

Purpose: To develop a method to determine significant stenosis at whole-heart coronary magnetic resonance (MR) angiography and to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of this approach.

Materials And Methods: The institutional review board approved the study, and all participants provided written informed consent. Sixty-two patients who were suspected of having coronary artery disease (CAD) and were scheduled for conventional coronary angiography were included.

Quantification of myocardial iron deficiency in nonischemic heart failure by cardiac T2* magnetic resonance imaging.

The aim of this study was to use T2* cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to quantify myocardial iron content in patients with heart failure (HF) and to investigate the relation between iron content, cardiac function, and the cause of HF. CMR data were analyzed from 167 patients with nonischemic and 31 with ischemic HF and 50 patients with normal ventricular function. Short-axis T2* imaging was accomplished using 3-T scanner and multiecho gradient-echo sequence.

Apparent diffusion coefficient is a prognostic factor of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with radiotherapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively studied 41 patients (38 male and 3 female, ages 37-85 years) diagnosed with HNSCC (14 oropharynx, 22 hypopharynx, 4 larynx, 1 oral cavity) and treated with radiotherapy, with radiation dose to gross tumor volume over 60 Gy. The association between age, gender, performance status, tumor location, T stage, N stage, stage, dose, overall treatment time, treatment method, adjuvant therapy, or ADC and prognosis was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazard test.

Identification of the KDM2/7 histone lysine demethylase subfamily inhibitor and its antiproliferative activity.

Histone N(ε)-methyl lysine demethylases KDM2/7 have been identified as potential targets for cancer therapies. On the basis of the crystal structure of KDM7B, we designed and prepared a series of hydroxamate analogues bearing an alkyl chain. Enzyme assays revealed that compound 9 potently inhibits KDM2A, KDM7A, and KDM7B, with IC50s of 6.

Correlations between apparent diffusion coefficient values and prognostic factors of breast cancer.

Purpose: We investigated possible correlations between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and prognostic factors of breast cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 81 patients who underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the breast and were diagnosed pathologically with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) not otherwise specified with invasive foci one cm or larger. We excluded ductal carcinoma in situ and IDC with invasive foci smaller than one cm because small lesions decrease the reliability of signal intensity of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Detection of ground-glass opacities by use of hybrid iterative reconstruction (iDose) and low-dose 256-section computed tomography: a phantom study.

The detection of ground-glass opacities (GGOs) is an important issue in lung cancer screening with low-dose CT. The iterative reconstruction (IR) technique has the ability to improve the image quality relative to the filtered back projection (FBP) technique with low-dose CT. Our purpose was to investigate the ability to detect GGO in a chest phantom using a low-dose CT and hybrid IR, named iDose.

T1ρ is superior to T2 mapping for the evaluation of articular cartilage denaturalization with osteoarthritis: radiological-pathological correlation after total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: We compared the diagnostic performance of T1ρ and T2 mappings in the evaluation of denatured articular cartilage with osteoarthritis of the knee.

Materials And Methods: 2D-Sagittal T1ρ and T2 mappings of the knee were obtained from 16 patients before total knee arthroplasty. After surgery, specimens of the femur and tibia were regionally segmented according to a 5-point scale of the severity of denaturalization.

Evaluation of chronic ischemic heart disease with myocardial perfusion and regional contraction analysis by contrast-enhanced 256-MSCT.

Purpose: To investigate myocardial viability in chronic ischemic heart disease by myocardial perfusion and regional contraction analysis using 256-slice MSCT coronary angiography (CCTA).

Methods: In 30 patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI), CCTA with retrospective ECG-gating and stress-redistribution thallium-201 SPECT were performed. Using the same raw data as used for CCTA, myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) was reconstructed at four phases during the cardiac cycle.

PHF8 activates transcription of rRNA genes through H3K4me3 binding and H3K9me1/2 demethylation.

Histone lysine methylation is dynamically regulated by lysine methyltransferases and lysine demethylases. Here we show that PHD finger protein 8 (PHF8), a protein containing a PHD finger and a Jumonji C (JmjC) domain, is associated with hypomethylated rRNA genes (rDNA). PHF8 interacts with the RNA polymerase I transcription machinery and with WD repeat-containing protein 5 (WDR5)-containing H3K4 methyltransferase complexes.

Dynamic Histone H1 Isotype 4 Methylation and Demethylation by Histone Lysine Methyltransferase G9a/KMT1C and the Jumonji Domain-containing JMJD2/KDM4 Proteins.

The linker histone H1 generally participates in the establishment of chromatin structure. However, of the seven somatic H1 isotypes in humans some are also implicated in the regulation of local gene expression. Histone H1 isotype 4 (H1.