Role of Oxidative Stress in Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Hearing is essential for communication, and its loss can cause a serious disruption to one's social life. Hearing loss is also recognized as a major risk factor for dementia; therefore, addressing hearing loss is a pressing global issue. Sensorineural hearing loss, the predominant type of hearing loss, is mainly due to damage to the inner ear along with a variety of pathologies including ischemia, noise, trauma, aging, and ototoxic drugs.

Cricotracheostomy for patients with severe COVID-19: A case control study.

Background: Tracheostomy is an important procedure for the treatment of severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Older age and obesity have been reported to be associated with the risk of severe COVID-19 and prolonged intubation, and anticoagulants are often administered in patients with severe COVID-19; these factors are also related to a higher risk of tracheostomy. Cricotracheostomy, a modified procedure for opening the airway through intentional partial cricoid cartilage resection, was recently reported to be useful in cases with low-lying larynx, obesity, stiff neck, and bleeding tendency.

Laryngeal complications after endotracheal intubation and prone positioning in patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

Objectives: Laryngeal complications have been reported after endotracheal intubation and prone positioning in patients with critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but their association is unclear. In this study, we investigated the rate of laryngeal complications in patients with COVID-19 compared to an alternative condition (control group).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 40 patients who underwent endotracheal intubation for either COVID-19 or an alternative condition (control group).

A double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial of hydrogen inhalation therapy for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Background: Hydrogen (H) has been reported to be effective in reducing hearing loss due to several causes in animal studies. However, no study has examined the effectiveness of H in treating hearing loss in humans. Thus, we investigated whether H is effective for the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL).

Relationship between hearing loss and prevalence of depressive symptoms in Japan: Baseline data from the Aidai Cohort study in Yawatahama and Uchiko.

Objective: Epidemiological evidence on the relationship between hearing loss (HL) and depressive symptoms, especially in the middle aged, is limited. The present cross-sectional study investigated this issue in middle-aged and older Japanese individuals separately.

Methods: Study subjects were 1018 Japanese adults aged 36-84 years.

Imaging characteristics of hypertrophic pachymeningitis due to ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Objective: Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is a rare disorder that causes localized or diffuse inflammatory fibrosis and thickening of the dura mater. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV)-related HP is the most frequent form of HP. Otitis media with AAV (OMAAV) patients with HP are associated with higher rates of both ANCA-negative phenotypes and disease-related mortality.

Higher number of teeth is associated with decreased prevalence of hearing impairment in Japan.

Background/objectives: There is limited evidence on the association between tooth loss and hearing impairment (HI). The present cross-sectional study investigated the association between tooth loss and the prevalence of HI in 1004 Japanese adults aged 36 to 84 years.

Methods: HI was defined as present when pure-tone average was > 25 dB at a frequency of 0.

Intratympanic Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Administration Via the Otic Bulla in a Severe Facial Paralysis Model.

Hypothesis: We investigated the treatment effect of intratympanic insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on severe facial paralysis in guinea pigs.

Background: The use of regenerative medicine involving growth factors has been reported in the treatment of peripheral nerve diseases. IGF-1 plays a crucial role in nerve regeneration.

The association between ear involvement and clinical features and prognosis in ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Objective: The concept of otitis media with ANCA-associated vasculitis (OMAAV) was recently proposed by the study group of the Japan Otological Society. However, little is known about the effect of ear involvement on the clinical features and prognosis of AAV. We investigate this issue in this study.

The hearing prognosis of otitis media with ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Objective: The concept of otitis media with ANCA-associated vasculitis (OMAAV) was recently proposed by the study group of the Japan Otological Society. However, information remains limited regarding the hearing outcome of OMAAV. Thus, we investigated this issue in this study.

Non-recovery animal model of severe facial paralysis induced by freezing the facial canal.

Objective: Some cases of peripheral facial paralysis are resistant to treatment, thus, a non-recovery model of facial paralysis is needed to develop new treatment strategies for this condition. The purpose of the current study was to develop an animal model of which facial palsy was severe and prolonged.

Methods: Ten 8-week-old female Hartley guinea pigs weighing between 400 and 500 g were used for the animal model.

Association between hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes and prevalence of hearing impairment in Japan.

Epidemiological information regarding the relationship between hypertension, dyslipidemia, and/or diabetes and hearing impairment (HI) has been controversial. The present cross-sectional study investigated this issue in Japan. The subjects were 371 men and 639 women aged 36‒84 years.

Mid-Frequency Hearing Loss Is Characteristic Clinical Feature of -Associated Hearing Loss.

The gene (Locus: DFNB22) is reported to be one of the causative genes for non-syndromic autosomal recessive hearing loss. The copy number variations (CNVs) identified in this gene are also known to cause hearing loss, but have not been identified in Japanese patients with hearing loss. Furthermore, the clinical features of -associated hearing loss have not yet been clarified.

Hearing Impairment and Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Japan: Baseline Data From the Aidai Cohort Study in Yawatahama and Uchiko.

Objectives: Hearing impairment (HI) in midlife may increase the risk of dementia. However, epidemiological research on the association between HI and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is very limited.

Design: The present cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between HI and MCI using baseline data from the Aidai Cohort Study.

Association of household income and education with prevalence of hearing impairment in Japan.

Objectives/hypothesis: Epidemiological information regarding the relationship between household income and education and hearing impairment (HI) is limited. The present cross-sectional study investigated this issue in Japan.

Study Design: Cross-sectional investigation.

Intractable Otitis Media Presenting as Falsely Positive for Proteinase 3-ANCA: A Case Report.

Herein, we report a case of otitis media caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), presenting as falsely positive for proteinase 3 (PR3)-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA). A 47-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a complaint of left otorrhea. An otorrhea culture yielded MRSA, and the patient was treated using tympanoplasty.

The treatment outcomes of rituximab for intractable otitis media with ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Objective: To investigate treatment outcomes, hearing outcomes, and adverse effects of rituximab (RTX) for intractable otitis media with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (OMAAV).

Methods: Twenty-three patients who met the criteria proposed by the OMAAV study group were included. RTX was used for patients who had difficulty achieving induction of remission using glucocorticoids (GC) and intravenous cyclophosphamide (IVCY).

Japanese translation, cross-cultural adaption and multicentre validation of the Zurich chronic middle ear inventory (ZCMEI-21-Jap).

Objective: In the assessment of chronic otitis media (COM) and its treatment, patient-reported outcomes are becoming increasingly important. The aim of the present study was to translate and validate the Zurich chronic middle ear inventory (ZCMEI-21) in Japanese in order to provide the first Japanese-language instrument for measuring health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in COM.

Methods: The ZCMEI-21 was translated into Japanese according to published guidelines.

WITHDRAWN: Serum uric acid and prevalence of age-related hearing loss in the Japanese population: Baseline data from the Aidai Cohort Study in Yawatahama.

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Comparison of Localized and Systemic Otitis Media With ANCA-Associated Vasculitis.

Objective: To investigate differences in immune activity based on the presence of multiple organ involvement in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) and whether hearing outcomes are different between patients with AAV localized to the ear and patients with systemic AAV.

Study Design: Retrospective case review.

Setting: University hospital.

Myogenin expression in facial muscle following damage to the facial nerve.

Conclusion: Gene analysis of facial muscle may be a promising way to detect denervation of facial muscle, helping to determine the prognosis of a facial palsy early in its progression.

Objectives: In the treatment of intratemporal facial palsy, early diagnosis of neural damage is important in deciding about therapeutic modalities. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the severity of facial palsy and the level of myogenin expressed in the facial muscle.

Facial nerve decompression surgery using bFGF-impregnated biodegradable gelatin hydrogel in patients with Bell palsy.

Objective: Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) promotes the regeneration of denervated nerves. The aim of this study was to evaluate the regeneration-facilitating effects of novel facial nerve decompression surgery using bFGF in a gelatin hydrogel in patients with severe Bell palsy.

Study Design: Prospective clinical study.

Basic fibroblast growth factor combined with biodegradable hydrogel promotes healing of facial nerve after compression injury: an experimental study.

Conclusion: Topical application of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) hydrogel facilitates faster healing from traumatic facial paralysis due to continuous release of bFGF.

Objectives: bFGF is considered a potent agent to facilitate recovery from neuronal damage; however, exogenously applied bFGF does not work well because of its short acting time. To enhance the effects in vivo, we developed a new drug delivery system by embedding bFGF in a gelatin hydrogel that degrades slowly.