Comparative analysis of cytokine release from epithelial cell cultures of the upper airway.

Introduction: Upper airway epithelial cells show a multi-potential ability to produce a variety of cytokines/chemokines in the steady-state and under external stimuli.

Objective: To compare various cytokines/chemokines released from primary cultures of human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) derived from healthy controls and subjects with allergic rhinitis (AR), chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) in non- stimulated and IL-17A-stimulated conditions.

Methods: The supernatants derived from HNECs of healthy control, AR, CRSwNPs were used to measure 20 of cytokines/chemo- kines in the non-stimulated and IL-17A-stimulated conditions.

Fungal extracts detected in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis induced cytokines from the nasal polyp cells.

Objectives/hypothesis: The role of fungi in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is still controversial. The present study was conducted to detect and identify fungal species from the nasal polyp tissues of eosinophilic and noneosinophilic CRS, and to determine the role of fungal antigens in cytokine production.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by Eucalyptus and Populus at a tertiary treated municipal wastewater sprayfield.

Various progenies of Eucalyptus grandis and E. amplifolia, and clones of Populus deltoides, were evaluated for plant removal of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) for 26 months at a municipal waste spray field in north Florida. Tertiary treated wastewater containing 2.

Changes in intramaxillary sinus pressure following antrostomy, draining tubes, and YAMIK procedures in 25 patients treated for chronic paranasal sinusitis.

When conservative therapies are not effective in treating sinus infections, alternate steps can be taken to improve paranasal cavity ventilation. These measures may include surgical procedures such as intranasal endoscopic or maxillary sinus fenestration, and other procedures such as placement of a maxillary sinus tube or a YAMIK sinus catheter. We conducted a prospective study of 25 patients to investigate the effects on the nasal mucosa of improved ventilation between the nasal and paranasal cavities.

[Effects of topical Dry Nose Spray on the transepithelial water loss and potential difference in human nasal mucosa].

Background: Nasal airway is the entrance to the respiratory tract. The upper airway has function of humidification and secretion. We have already demonstrated the human nasal mucosal water loss as the transepithelial water loss.

Oncocytic carcinoma of the nasal cavity with widespread lymph node metastases.

The first case of oncocytic carcinoma which arose from the inferior turbinate of the nasal cavity with orbital invasion through the nasolacrimal canal and widespread lymph node metastases in the neck and face is reported here. The tumor metastasized rapidly, spread widely to the whole neck and face, and produced tumor emboli in the lymphatics and extranodal extension by rupture of the lymph node capsule in the absence of clinically palpable regional lymph node enlargement. We think the oncocytic carcinoma of the nasal cavity may be a high-grade malignancy tumor.

Hypertonic saline alters electrical barrier of the airway epithelium.

Objective: The effect of tonicity changes in nebulizer solutions and irrigations on nasal mucosa is not well known. The present study aims to determine the basic mechanism of hypertonic solution on airway epithelial barrier.

Study Design And Setting: We investigated the electrical potential difference (PD) that is influenced by both active transport and the transepithelial electrical resistance of the epithelial mucosa in the human nose in vivo.

[Age distribution of transepithelial water loss in human nasal mucosa].

Background: Dry nose is a common complaint in the elderly. Age distribution of transepithelial water loss of human nasal mucosa (TEWL) value was evaluated in this study.

Methods: Eighty-eight volunteers (50 men and 30 women) ranging from 10 to 75 years old were recruited for this study.

Measurement of water loss in human nasal mucosa.

Background: Regulation of the barrier function in the nasal epithelium seems to be affected by the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. The measurement of transepidermal water loss has proven to be an important noninvasive method for assessing the efficiency of the skin as a protective barrier. Although the nasal mucosal epithelium also has such a protective function, the precise mechanism still is unknown.

[Alternation of ion transport of airway epithelium by eicosanoids].

Background: Airway surface liquid is thought to be regulated by the ion transport processes across the airway epithelium in a vectorial manner. Short circuit current (Isc) measured by Ussing chamber is an indication of electric permeability because of mutually related transportation of amount of ion between apical and basolateral membrane.

Methods: Guinea pig trachea was mounted on Ussing chamber and short-circuited current was determined continuously.