Expansion of mixed immune cells using CD3/CD161 co-stimulation for the treatment of cancer.

Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is a type of personalized immunotherapy in which expanded immune cells are administered to patients with cancer. However, single-cell populations, such as killer T cells, dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and NKT (NKT) cells, have been generally used, and their effectiveness remains limited. Here, we established a novel culture method via CD3/CD161 co-stimulation and successfully expanded CD3/CD4 helper T cells, CD3/CD8 cytotoxic T cells (CTLs), CD3/CD56 NK cells, CD3/CD1d NKT cells, CD3/CD56 NKT cells, CD3/TCRγδ T cells, and CD3/CD11c/HLA-DR dendritic cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors; their respective numbers were 155.

Therapeutic effects of trehalose liposomes against lymphoblastic leukemia leading to apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.

Inhibitory effects of trehalose liposomes (DMTre) composed of 30mol% l-α-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and 70mol% trehalose surfactants on the growth of lymphoblastic leukemia (MOLT-4) cells in vitro and therapeutic effects of DMTre for xenograft mice model of carcinoma in vivo were examined. DMTre inhibited the growth of MOLT-4 cells in a dose-dependent manner due to apoptosis. The activation of caspase-3, -8, and 9 was obtained for MOLT-4 cells after the treatment with DMTre.