Comparison of survival times of cats with hyperthyroidism treated with thyroidectomy or methimazole at a primary care hospital in Japan.

Objective: We identified the associated factors and compared the survival times of feline hyperthyroidism (FHT) between thyroidectomy and methimazole alone.

Methods: The medical records of 41 cats diagnosed with new-onset hyperthyroidism were retrospectively reviewed. The cats were categorized into the thyroidectomy (n = 15) and methimazole (26) treatment groups.

Comparison of polyclonal and monoclonal antibody assays for serum amyloid A in cats: a study based on an automated turbidimetric immunoassay in a primary care veterinary hospital.

Objective: Comparing the utility of the anti-human serum amyloid A (SAA)-specific monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies assays (LZ-SAA) with the pure monoclonal anti-human antibody assays (VET-SAA) during clinical practice in primary care hospital populations by measuring SAA measurement in healthy and diseased domestic cats.

Animals: 52 healthy and 185 diseased client-owned cats.

Methods: SAA concentration was measured using different LZ-SAA and VET-SAA measurements for healthy and various diseased cats.

Development of acute pancreatitis after oral administering a praziquantel, pyrantel pamoate, and febantel combination in a dog: A case report.

Oral praziquantel, pyrantel pamoate, and febantel combination (PPFC) is a highly safe anthelmintic treatment commonly administered for the purpose of canine gastrointestinal parasites with mild adverse effects such as anorexia, vomiting, lethargy, or diarrhea. A 12-year-old castrated Chihuahua was brought to our hospital for a periodic health examination. Although his general physical examination showed no abnormalities, blood test results showed increase in the liver enzyme, lipase activity, total bile acid, total cholesterol, and triglyceride concentration.

Diagnostic utility of measuring lactate dehydrogenase levels and its isoenzyme activities for the evaluation of malignancy in feline pleural effusion and ascitic fluid.

Background: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes may be useful in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion (PE) and ascitic fluid (AF) etiologies in cats since tissue damage induces their release, changing the pattern of their activity.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the diagnostic utility of measuring LDH levels and isoenzyme activities in PE or AF in cats with malignancy.

Methods: LDH levels and isoenzyme activities in the serum, PE, and AF were compared among cats in the malignant, infectious, and non-malignant, non-infectious groups.

Subclinical wandering spleen in a cat with gastrointestinal lymphoma.

We accidentally detected a subclinical wandering spleen on preoperative ultrasonography in a cat with gastrointestinal lymphoma. If the spleen is not in the normal position, the wandering spleen should be considered.

Obese status is associated with accelerated DNA methylation change in peripheral blood of senior dogs.

Obesity and its associated comorbidities constitute a major and growing health problem worldwide not only involved with people but also dogs and cats. Although few genetic mutations have been associated with obesity in dogs, molecular mechanism remains to be clearly understood. Given the fact that DNA methylation leads to gene expression variability and has plasticity affected by metabolic phenotypes such as obesity in human, the objective of this study is to identify obesity-associated differentially methylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) dinucleotide sites in dogs.

Prognostic utility of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in cats with malignant mammary tumors.

Although studies have determined the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to be a useful prognostic predictor in various human cancers, little is known regarding its preoperative prognostic significance in feline mammary tumors (FMTs). Thus, the present study aimed to determine the prognostic utility of preoperative peripheral blood NLR in malignant FMTs. Accordingly, medical records of 34 cats that had undergone mastectomy were searched, after which those histopathologically confirmed to have malignant FMTs were included.

Primary Adenosquamous Cell Carcinoma of the Ileum in a Dog.

A 9-year-old male, castrated Chihuahua was examined because of a 7-day history of intermittent vomiting. A mass in the small intestine was identified on abdominal radiography and ultrasonography. Laparotomy revealed a mass lesion originating in the ileum, and surgical resection was performed.

A Clinical Investigation on Serum Amyloid A Concentration in Client-Owned Healthy and Diseased Cats in a Primary Care Animal Hospital.

Although measurement of serum amyloid A (SAA) concentration in client-owned cats has already been shown to be clinically useful, limited data are available on common diseases at primary care hospitals. In this study, we measured the SAA concentration in cats with various diseases and investigated their clinical significance using a primary care hospital as a population. We measured the SAA concentrations in healthy cats (n = 98) and those with various clinical signs (n = 444).

Evaluation of atrial natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin I concentrations for assessment of disease severity in dogs with naturally occurring mitral valve disease.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the clinical usefulness of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) concentrations for assessment of disease severity in dogs with naturally occurring mitral valve disease (MVD).

Animals: 316 dogs with MVD and 40 healthy control dogs.

Procedures: Each dog underwent a physical examination and echocardiographic and thoracic radiographic assessments.

Resolution of reactive arthritis after splenectomy in a dog with a nonneoplastic splenic hyperplastic nodule.

Case Description: A 10-year-old spayed female Golden Retriever was examined because of a 3-month history of lethargy, anorexia, and stumbling gait.

Clinical Findings: A splenic mass was identified on abdominal radiography and ultrasonography, and results of clinicopathologic findings indicated nonregenerative anemia, leukocytosis, and high serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration. To further investigate the cause of the dog's high serum CRP concentration, radiography and arthrocentesis were performed bilaterally on the carpal and stifle joints.

Complete Remission of Associative Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia in a Dog Following Surgical Resection of Intestinal Leiomyosarcoma.

A twelve-year-old male castrated Chihuahua with a severe, microcytic, hypochromic, and nonregenerative direct antiglobulin test positive anemia characterized by marked spherocytosis was referred to the veterinary hospital. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a peritoneal mass of unclear origin. Transfusion, followed by mass resection, rapidly resolved the anemia without further immunosuppressive treatment.

Investigation of serum cortisol concentration as a potential prognostic marker in hospitalized dogs: a prospective observational study in a primary care animal hospital.

Background: Dogs with various medical diseases are usually treated at hospitals; however, the prognostic markers in dogs remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of serum cortisol concentration (SCC) to predict the prognosis of dogs with medical diseases. At 0 and 24 h after hospitalization, the neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, blood glucose concentration, and SCC were measured.

Diagnostic utility of cardiac troponin I in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is useful for assessing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in cats.

Objective: To measure plasma cTnI concentrations in healthy cats and evaluate the clinical utility of cTnI in determining the severity of HCM.

Animals: Clinically healthy cats (n = 88) and cats with HCM (n = 93).

Prevalence of food-responsive enteropathy among dogs with chronic enteropathy in Japan.

There have been limited reports on the prevalence of adverse food reactions among dogs suffering from chronic enteropathy (CE) in Japan. We examined the prevalence and histological features of food-responsive enteropathy (FRE) in a total of 32 dogs with history of CE. Fourteen of 18 cases (56.

Pyoderma gangrenosum after trauma in a dog.

A 12-year-old male entire Miniature Pinscher presented with excoriations at various body sites, progressively forming ulcers and enlarging until arrested by treatment. Based on the clinical presentation and histopathological analyses, sterile neutrophilic dermatosis was suspected. Therefore, the dog was started on prednisolone.

Long-term outcome of myotonia associated with hyperadrenocorticism in 2 dogs.

Two dogs were diagnosed with myotonia associated with hyperadrenocorticism and treated with trilostane. One dog showed temporary improvement, but the other dog showed no improvement. The dogs survived 2383 and 1902 days, respectively.

Parathyroid hormone-related protein-induced hypercalcemia due to osteosarcoma in a cat.

A 15-year-old castrated male mixed-breed cat was presented with a history of sarcoma of the distal right hind limb. Biochemical analysis revealed increased concentrations of blood urea, creatinine, total calcium, ionized calcium, and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP). The mass was removed surgically by amputation of the hind limb.

Markedly increased expression of interleukin-8 in the colorectal mucosa of inflammatory colorectal polyps in miniature dachshunds.

Inflammatory colorectal polyps (ICRPs) in miniature dachshunds were recently recognized as a major cause of large bowel diarrhea in this dog breed in Japan. ICRPs are characterized by the formation of multiple small polyps and/or space-occupying large polyps in the colorectal area and are thought to be a novel form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To explore key mediators in the pathogenesis of ICRPs, we analyzed several pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-12p35, IL-12/23p40, and IL-23p19) mRNA expressions in colorectal polyps in ICRP dogs by quantitative PCR.

Expression of CD4+ T cell cytokine genes in the colorectal mucosa of inflammatory colorectal polyps in miniature dachshunds.

Inflammatory colorectal polyps (ICRPs) in miniature dachshunds are recently recognized as a major cause of large bowel diarrhea in this dog breed in Japan. ICRPs are characterized by the formation of multiple small polyps and a space-occupying large polyp in the colorectal area, and are thought to be a novel form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In humans, specific cytokine patterns attributed to T helper (Th)1, Th17 and regulatory T cells have important roles in the pathogenesis of IBD.

Mastitis caused by Mycobacterium kansasii infection in a dog.

A 2-year, 7-month-old female Chihuahua was admitted for a mammary mass measuring one cm in diameter. The dog had a history of demodicosis for 4 months and showed signs of pseudopregnancy at the time of the visit. Cytologic examination of an aspirate of the mass revealed a large number of macrophages containing nonstaining bacterial rods, which were acid-fast in a Ziehl-Neelsen stain, suggesting mycobacterial infection.

GH-producing mammary tumors in two dogs with acromegaly.

Two intact female dogs were admitted for growing mammary tumors. They had symptoms of acromegaly including weight gain, enlargement of the head, excessive skin folds, and inspiratory stridor. Serum concentrations of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and insulin were elevated in the two cases.

In vitro and in vivo comparison of applanation tonometry and rebound tonometry in dogs.

Intraocular pressure (IOP) evaluated by applanation tonometry via TONO-PEN XL (TP), and rebound tonometry via TonoVet (TV) were compared in enucleated canine eyes with varied pressure of the anterior chamber (AC) and in clinical cases. TV measured IOP values were lower than IOP measurements of TP in the enucleated eyes with 5-10 mmHg of AC (P<0.0001), though there was no significant difference in IOP values obtained with TP and TV on the pressure ranges of 15-20 mmHg.