Differences in the Knowledge and Experience of Physicians and Dentists About Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Osteoporotic Patients.

Aim: Prevention of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients with osteoporosis requires the cooperation of physicians and dentists. We investigated the knowledge, experience, and behaviour related to medical and dental cooperation for MRONJ prevention in patients with osteoporosis between physicians and dentists practising in the Shiga prefecture.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the cooperation between practising physicians and dentists for preventing osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in patients with osteoporosis using 2 separate questionnaires from July 28, 2018, to February 3, 2019.

Expressions of ezrin, ERK, STAT3, and AKT in tongue cancer and association with tumor characteristics and patient survival.

Background: Ezrin, ERK, STAT3, and AKT are proteins that are overexpressed in various types of cancer, although their expressions in tongue cancer has received less focus. This study aimed to address associations between the expression levels of these proteins and with characteristics of the tumor and patient survival.

Methods: We performed immunohistochemical staining of ezrin, ERK, STAT3, and AKT in tumors from patients with tongue carcinoma in situ (CIS, n = 17) and tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, n = 46).

ERK phosphorylation functions in invadopodia formation in tongue cancer cells in a novel silicate fibre-based 3D cell culture system.

To screen for additional treatment targets against tongue cancer, we evaluated the contributions of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), AKT and ezrin in cancer development. Immunohistochemical staining showed that ERK and ezrin expressions were significantly higher in invasive squamous cell carcinoma than in carcinoma in situ. To investigate the roles of ERK and ezrin in cancer development, we used the non-woven silica fibre sheet Cellbed with a structure resembling the loose connective tissue morphology in a novel 3D culture system.

The novel association between red complex of oral microbe and body mass index in healthy Japanese: a population based cross-sectional study.

Microbiota has been thought to be one of important environmental factors for obesity or Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Among oral microbe, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannellera forsythia are known as risk factors, so called red complex, for periodontitis. Red complex could also be a risk factor for obesity.

Periodontitis and Porphyromonas gingivalis in preclinical stage of arthritis patients.

Purpose: To determine whether the presence of periodontitis (PD) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) in the subgingival biofilm associates with the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in treatment naïve preclinical stage of arthritis patients.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 72 consecutive patients with arthralgia who had never been treated with any anti-rheumatic drugs or glucocorticoids. Periodontal status at baseline was assessed by dentists.

Risk factors and indices of osteomyelitis of the jaw in osteoporosis patients: results from a hospital-based cohort study in Japan.

Background: Several studies have reported osteomyelitis of the jaw (OMJ) as a side effect of bisphosphonates (BPs), and the risk of oral BPs has been recently clarified. However, other systemic risk factors of OMJ remain unclear. Importantly, the possibility of risk classification based on the clinical characteristics of patients has not been explored.

Mastication and risk for diabetes in a Japanese population: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Associations between mastication and insufficient nutrient intake, obesity, and glucose metabolism have been shown in previous studies. However, the association between mastication and diabetes has not been clarified. Our objective was to examine the association between mastication, namely masticatory performance or rate of eating, and diabetes in a population-based cohort.

A pragmatic method for electronic medical record-based observational studies: developing an electronic medical records retrieval system for clinical research.

Objective: The use of electronic medical record (EMR) data is necessary to improve clinical research efficiency. However, it is not easy to identify patients who meet research eligibility criteria and collect the necessary information from EMRs because the data collection process must integrate various techniques, including the development of a data warehouse and translation of eligibility criteria into computable criteria. This research aimed to demonstrate an electronic medical records retrieval system (ERS) and an example of a hospital-based cohort study that identified both patients and exposure with an ERS.

Assessing anteroposterior basal bone discrepancy with the Dental Aesthetic Index.

Objective: To investigate dental appearance and cephalometric features, using a sample of orthognathic and/or orthodontic patients. A special interest was to identify the relationship of the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) with anteroposterior basal bone discrepancy (APBBD) and cephalometric indicators.

Materials And Methods: A full sample of 159 patients in two Japanese hospitals was used.

Risk of osteomyelitis of the jaw induced by oral bisphosphonates in patients taking medications for osteoporosis: a hospital-based cohort study in Japan.

Oral bisphosphonates (BPs) represent the first line of prevention and treatment for osteoporosis. However, several studies have reported osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), also known as osteomyelitis of the jaw (OMJ), as a side effect of these drugs. Although absolute risk is suggested to be low, information to date on the relative risk or attributable risk has in fact been limited.

Hypertension, periodontal disease, and potassium intake in nonsmoking, nondrinker african women on no medication.

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association of periodontitis and/or tooth loss with hypertension by excluding the common confounders. Eighty-one Tanzanian women who were aged 46-58 years, nonsmokers, nonalcoholic drinkers, and on no medication underwent clinical examination. Multiple-regression analysis showed that the severity of periodontitis was significantly correlated with increased systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.

Isoflavones regulate innate immunity and inhibit experimental colitis.

Background And Aim: Dysregulated immune responses in the gut to luminal antigens can cause inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The roles played by dietary antigens in the pathogenesis or prevention of IBD are poorly understood. Soybean isoflavones are digested in large amounts and have many biological activities.

CD4+CD25+ T cells regulate colonic localization of CD4 T cells reactive to a microbial antigen.

Background: In patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, T-cell activation driven by microflora has been implicated as a mechanism causing clonal expansion and infiltration of CD4+ T cells in colonic lamina propria (LP). We explored a regulatory mechanism preventing infiltration of CD4+ T cells specific to a microbe-associated antigen in the gut.

Methods: SCID mice were reconstituted with CD4+ T cells specific to ovalbumin (OVA) and were orally administered with Escherichia coli engineered to produce OVA.

Antigenic activation of Th1 cells in the gastric mucosa enhances dysregulated apoptosis and turnover of the epithelial cells.

Colonization of Helicobacter pylori in the stomach leads to chronic gastritis with massive infiltration by Th1 cells. To assess a role played by those T cells in the remodeling of gastric epithelium, we activated gastric T cells utilizing mice with CD4 T cells bearing transgenic TCR with or without deficiency in either IL-4 or IFN-gamma or IL-12. Mice developed gastritis upon injection of an antigen into gastric mucosa.

A liver tolerates a portal antigen by generating CD11c+ cells, which select Fas ligand+ Th2 cells via apoptosis.

Administration of an antigen (Ag) per oral route leads to apoptosis of Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells and to development of Th2 cells expressing Fas ligand (FasL) in the liver. We determined whether presentation of an ingested Ag in the liver alone was enough to select these FasL(+)Th2 cells and explored how this selection was achieved in the liver. Ovalbumin (OVA) administered orally was colocalized with class II(+) cells in the periportal and parenchymal area of the liver.

Nutritional variation and cardiovascular risk factors in Tanzania--rural-urban difference.

Objective: To assess the relationship between dietary factors and cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors in middle-aged men and women, in urban, rural and pastoral settings in Tanzania.

Design: Cross-sectional epidemiological study designed according to the protocol of the World Health Organisation (WHO) Cardiovascular Diseases and Alimentary Comparison (CARDIAC) study.

Setting: Three centres in Tanzania, namely Dar es Salaam (urban), Handeni (rural) and Monduli (pastoral population).

Helper CD4+ T cells for IgE response to a dietary antigen develop in the liver.

Background: Although T-cell responses to food antigens are normally inhibited either by deletion, active suppression, or both of antigen-specific T cells, T helper cells for IgE response to a food antigen still develop by unknown mechanisms in a genetically susceptible host.

Objective: We determined the site at which those IgE helper T cells develop.

Methods: We administered ovalbumin (OVA) orally to DO11.

Differential localization of colitogenic Th1 and Th2 cells monospecific to a microflora-associated antigen in mice.

Background & Aims: Clonal expansion of T cells is associated with inflammatory bowel diseases, which indicates antigenic activation of the T cells. We investigated whether the introduction of CD4 T cells specific to a microflora would initiate colitis and assessed the cytokine requirements for colitogenic CD4 T cells.

Methods: Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) mice were reconstituted with CD4 T cells, which were either deficient in interleukin (IL)-4/interferon (IFN)-gamma production or differentiated in vitro to T-helper (Th) 1/Th 2 and bearing a transgenic T-cell receptor (TCR) specific to ovalbumin (OVA), and then inoculated with an Escherichia coli-producing OVA (ECOVA).

Prevalence of overweight and hypertension in Tanzania: special emphasis on resting energy expenditure and leptin.

1. In the present study we investigated the difference in the distribution of selected cardiovascular disease risk factors among three middle-aged Tanzanian populations with different lifestyles. 2.

Prevalence of overweight and hypertension in Tanzania: Special emphasis on resting energy expenditure and leptin.

1. In the present study we investigated the difference in the distribution of selected cardiovascular disease risk factors among three middle-aged Tanzanian populations with different lifestyles. 2.

Administration of an antigen at a high dose generates regulatory CD4+ T cells expressing CD95 ligand and secreting IL-4 in the liver.

Ags administered orally at a high dose are absorbed in immunogenic forms and perfuse the liver, which raises a question regarding the relevance of hepatic lymphocyte activation to the systemic hyporesponsiveness against the ingested Ag. Oral administration of 100 mg of OVA to the mice led to massive cell death of OVA-specific (KJ1-26+)CD4+ T cells by Fas-Fas ligand (FasL)-mediated apoptosis in the liver, which was associated with the emergence of hepatic KJ1-26+CD4+ T cells expressing FasL. Hepatic CD4+ T cells in OVA-fed mice secreted large amounts of IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-beta(1) upon restimulation in vitro and inhibited T cell proliferation.