Objectives: The right posterior segment graft can be selected in cases where neither the right nor left lobe graft satisfies the selection criteria for adult living donor liver transplant. However, vascular and biliary anatomy may cause technical difficulties in procurement of posterior segments in donors of living donor liver transplant and may require specific attention in vascular and biliary reconstruction in the recipient. In this study, we examined the feasibility of right posterior segment grafts in adult living donor liver transplants through donor safety and recipient outcomes and clarified the anatomic points of the surgical technique.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Donor safety is paramount in living donor liver transplantation. However, there remains a risk of postoperative complications for some donors. Here, we provide a comprehensive assessment of donor morbidity by a single team with 17 years of experience at a single center.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: POLG is one of several nuclear genes associated with mitochondrial DNA maintenance defects and is a group of diseases caused by mitochondrial DNA deficiency that results in impaired adenosine triphosphate production and organ dysfunction. Myocerebrohepatopathy spectrum (MCHS) is the most severe and earliest presentation of POLG mutations, and liver transplantation (LT) for MCHS has never been reported.
Case Presentation: The patient was a 3-month-old boy with acute liver failure and no neurological manifestations (e.
Background: In some pediatric patients undergoing living-donor liver transplantation, segment IV without the middle hepatic vein can be added to a left lateral segment graft to obtain larger graft volume. Because no clear consensus on this technique exists, this study investigated the effects of congested areas on postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients with biliary atresia undergoing living-donor liver transplantation.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data of recipients with biliary atresia aged ≤15 y who had undergone living-donor liver transplantation at Kyoto University Hospital between 2006 and 2021 and with graft-to-recipient weight ratios (GRWR) of ≤2%.
Global surveillance has been conducted to elucidate the pathogenesis of acute hepatitis of unknown origin (AHUO), However, the factors associated with the aggravation of this serious disease are unclear. Therefore, we conducted a HLA association study to identify HLA alleles or haplotypes predisposing or protective against Japanese AHUO. The HLA 5 locus (HLA-A, HLA-B, C, DRB1, and DQB1) 4-digit genotyping results of 72 AHUO patients who underwent liver transplantation at our institution between 2000 and 2021 were compared to those of 873 healthy Japanese controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo date, many kinds of immune cells have been identified, but their precise roles in intestinal immunity remain unclear. Understanding the in vivo behavior of these immune cells and their function in gastrointestinal inflammation, including colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and neutrophil extracellular traps, is critical for gastrointestinal research to proceed to the next step. Additionally, understanding the immune responses involved in gastrointestinal tumors and tissue repair is becoming increasingly important for the elucidation of disease mechanisms that have been unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn post-liver transplant recipients, SARS-CoV-2 infection is a health threat, and novel messenger RNA vaccines such as Pfizer BioNTech BNT162b2 and Moderna mRNA-1273 are aggressively recommended. However, there are few reports on their adverse effects, some of which may be potentially fatal. We have experienced 2 post-liver transplant recipients with exacerbated chronic rejection after vaccination, one of whom had to undergo retransplant and the other who is still in the process of liver function without improvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common malignant liver tumor in children. Although the development of treatment strategies with advances in chemotherapy has greatly improved the prognosis of HB, surgical resection and liver transplantation still play a vital role in the treatment of HB. In recent years, technological innovations have led to the development of new surgical approaches for HB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The rupture of a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm (HAP) is a rare but lethal complication after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and often manifests as acute gastrointestinal bleeding.
Case Presentation: This report describes three patients who experienced HAP after LDLT. These patients initially presented with active bleeding of a duodenal ulcer (DU) in the duodenal bulb, followed by diagnosis of the ruptured HAP by angiography.
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have protumor functions in various cancers. However, their significance in hepatoblastoma, the most common liver tumor in children, remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the potential roles of TAMs in hepatoblastoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatoblastoma is the most common pediatric liver tumor, but little research has been done on the role of macrophages in hepatoblastoma. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into potential roles for macrophages in hepatoblastoma. Paraffin-embedded specimens from 56 patients who underwent surgical resection were examined with immunohistochemical staining for the macrophage-specific markers, Iba1 and CD163.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecruitment of bone marrow derived monocytes via bloodstream and their subsequent conversion to CX3CR1 macrophages in response to intestinal injury is dependent on CCR2, Nr4a1, and the microbiome. This process is critical for proper tissue repair; however, GATA6 peritoneal cavity macrophages might represent an alternative, more readily available source of mature and functional myeloid cells at the damaged intestinal locations. Here we show, using spinning-disk confocal microscopy, that large F4/80GATA6 peritoneal cavity macrophages promptly accumulate at damaged intestinal sites upon intestinal thermal injury and upon dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis in mice via a direct route from the peritoneal cavity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The impact of pediatric liver transplantation on intellectual development has yet to be determined. We investigated the intellectual outcomes of school-aged patients after living donor liver transplantation for biliary atresia in infancy.
Methods: The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-fourth edition test was administered to 20 patients who survived [Formula: see text] 5 years after living donor liver transplantation.
Background: Hepatic artery dissection after liver transplantation is an uncommon morbidity. The onset mechanism and management for this disorder remain unclear. The present report describes the cases of two patients with hepatic artery dissection after living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) with simultaneous splenectomy and provides new insight into the onset mechanism of this disorder.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Confirmation of bile excretion into the gastrointestinal tract is important to exclude biliary atresia (BA). We compared the duodenal tube test (DTT) with hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HS) for their efficiency in detecting bile secretion.
Methods: The subjects of this retrospective study were 47 infants who underwent both DTT and HS to diagnose or exclude BA between January 2000 and March 2018.
Background: The use of elderly donors (≥60 y) in living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to determine the safety of surgery for elderly donors and the impact of donor age on LDLT outcomes.
Methods: We, retrospectively, reviewed 470 cases of LDLT at Kumamoto University Hospital from December 1998 to March 2017.
Adhesions due to previous upper abdominal surgery may complicate later liver transplantation. Here we report successful living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in a patient with a history of total gastrectomy. A 32-year-old Japanese woman developed end-stage liver failure due to alcoholic cirrhosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLT is a practical therapeutic alternative for unresectable hepatoblastoma; however, deciding when to perform LT is difficult. The aim of this study was to optimize the timing of LT for hepatoblastoma using pretransplant trends in AFP levels. Trends in pretransplant AFP levels and their influence on post-transplant outcomes were retrospectively evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: ABO-incompatible (ABOi) living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been performed to compensate for donor shortage. To date, few studies have reported detailed B-cell desensitization protocols and long-term outcomes of ABOi pediatric LDLT.
Methods: Twenty-nine pediatric ABOi LDLT recipients were retrospectively analyzed.
MSUD is a hereditary metabolic disorder that is characterized by impaired activity of the BCKADC. Liver transplantation has been approved as a treatment for some MSUD cases in which the control of BCAAs is insufficient. Although there have been several reports about DDLT for MSUD, few LDLT cases have been reported.
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