Relation between cooling sheet effect and tear histamine concenration in allergic conjunctivitis.

Six allergic conjunctivitis patients (12 eyes) and 4 healthy volunteers (8 eyes) were investigated in terms of the effect of cooling sheets on eye itching and tear histamine concentration, before and 5 min after cooling the eyelids with cooling sheets. The severity of itching was evaluated with a five-level itching score. The combination treatment of levocabastine with cooling sheets significantly reduced eye itching, while no significant change in tear histamine concentration was observed before and after cooling sheet use.

Effect of reconstruction algorithm on image quality and identification of ground-glass opacities and partly solid nodules on low-dose thin-section CT: experimental study using chest phantom.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of reconstruction algorithm on identification and image quality of ground-glass opacities (GGOs) and partly solid nodules on low-dose thin-section CT.

Materials And Methods: A chest CT phantom including simulated GGOs and partly solid nodules was scanned with five different tube currents and reconstructed by using standard (A) and newly developed (B) high-resolution reconstruction algorithms, followed by visually assessment of identification and image quality of GGOs and partly solid nodules by two chest radiologists. Inter-observer agreement, ROC analysis and ANOVA were performed to compare identification and image quality of each data set with those of the standard reference.

[Verification of multifocal electroretinogram Veris III system for clinical problems].

Purpose: To verify the usefulness of the Veris III system, which is said to be problematic in clinical applications for recording multifocal electroretinograms (mfERG) by an ophthalmologist.

Methods: A test wave was input to the system and the data were analyzed using Veris Science software. The items tested were overlapping, spatial averaging, combination procedures, and emission properties of the cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor (B 4).

[Case of eyelid nodular fasciitis in which magnetic resonance imaging was useful for clinical diagnosis].

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.

Case: A 70-year-old man. He noticed that the right side of his upper lid had swollen 3 weeks previously.

External Dacryocystorhinostomy: outcomes after the introduction of two new forceps and transnasal endoscopy.

Background: There are few lacrimal surgeons in the field of clinical Ophthalmology, while the number of patients with an obstruction of tear duct increases. The success rate for the external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) procedure is approximately 90%. The outcome of external DCR using two new forceps and postoperative transnasal endoscopy was studied.

[Electrophysiological and histopathological study on visual toxicity of clioquinol].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of clioquinol on the optic nerve and retina of rhesus monkeys by ophthalmoscopy, electrophysiology and histopathology.

Methods: Clioquinol was given orally to 5 monkeys, gradually increasingly from 100 mg/kg/day up to 14 months(total dosage 227 g/kg). Ophthalmoscopy, erectroretinogram(ERG), visual evoked potential(VEP) and histopathological examination of enucleated eyeballs were done periodically up to 10 years.

Nonlinear component of the electroretinogram recorded from the posterior pole of normal and highly myopic human eyes.

To extract the nonlinear component of the electroretinogram (ERG) from the posterior pole (pp) of the human ocular fundus and to evaluate the possibility of its clinical application, three types of stimulus modes - double-flash, single-flash, and delayed single-flash stimuli - were produced using a conventional electrophysiological system. A large hexagonal element was presented on a CRT monitor, and ppERGs were recorded from 14 normal eyes and 16 eyes of eight highly myopic patients. The nonlinear component of the ppERG was obtained by subtracting the single-flash ERG and delayed single-flash ERG responses from the double flash ERG response.

Multifocal visual evoked potential is dependent on electrode position.

Purpose: To investigate whether the multifocal visual evoked potential (mVEP) is dependent on the electrode position, and to confirm the reproducibility of the mVEP.

Methods: The mVEPs were recorded using the Veris III system with two different bipolar electrode settings. In Position 1, electrodes were placed at equal distances in vertical alignment 2 cm above and below the inion.

Multifocal electroretinograms in early primary open-angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To determine the utility of multifocal electroretinograms (mfERGs) in patients with early primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) with unilateral visual field abnormalities.

Methods: mfERGs were recorded from 24 eyes of 12 cases of early POAG (stage I for 1 eye and stage II for the other eye on the Kosaki scale). The implicit times and amplitudes of the second-order kernel summed for the whole visual field, for the superior and inferior hemi-fields, and for quadrantic fields of the stage I and stage II eyes were compared.

Two new forceps for use during and after dacryocystorhinostomy.

Purpose: To report two new forceps for use during and after external dacryocystorhinostomy (E-DCR). Description of surgical instruments is provided.

Methods: Interventional case series.