Publications by authors named "Masaru Mezawa"
Objective: The purpose of this study was to verify the accuracy and utility of clinical parameters (plaque index, gingival crevicular fluid volume, probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing and gingival index) and biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, protein and haemoglobin) in a longitudinal analysis during the supportive periodontal therapy period.
Subjects And Methods: A total of 279 test sites of 128 patients were investigated clinically and biochemically. After the first examination of clinical and biochemical parameters, periodontal support treatments were administered immediately and performed once every three months up to the second examination.
Laminin 5, type 4 collagen, and α6β4 integrin contribute to the formation of hemidesmosomes in the epithelia of periodontal tissues, which is critical for the development and maintenance of the dentogingival junction. As it is not known whether TNF-α alters the composition of the epithelial pericellular matrix, human gingival epithelial cells were cultured in the presence or absence of TNF-α. Treatment with TNF-α accelerated epithelial cell migration and closure of in vitro wounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM) is produced by maturation stage ameloblasts and junctional epithelium (JE). The function of ODAM is thought to be involved in the attachment of teeth and JE. To elucidate transcriptional regulation of human ODAM gene in inflamed gingiva, we have analyzed the effects of TNF-α on the expression of ODAM gene in Ca9-22 and Sa3 gingival epithelial cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFew prospective studies have reported the effects of periodontal therapy on patients who attempted to quit smoking. This study aimed to assess how smoking cessation affects periodontal therapy. Twenty-five smokers with periodontitis were investigated by dividing them into two groups, a smoking cessation support group and a continued smoking group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Human fibroblast growth factor-2 (rhFGF-2) therapy has been used for periodontal tissue regeneration. However, few studies have reported their adjunctive procedures based on strategy of tissue engineering. The aim of this retrospective study is to assess the adjunctive effects of modified papilla preservation technique (mPPT) and combination with autogenous bone grafts (AG) on the rhFGF-2 therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Amelotin (AMTN) is an enamel protein found in the junctional epithelium of the gums, potentially playing a role in the connection between gums and tooth enamel.
- This study investigates how the microRNA miR-200b affects the expression of AMTN in human gingival cells and its relationship with the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α.
- Results showed that miR-200b can reduce AMTN expression and IKKβ levels, suggesting it regulates these proteins in response to inflammation, highlighting its role in gum health.
The junctional epithelium and dental enamel adhere because of hemidesmosomes containing laminin 5 and α6β4 integrin, which are important adhesion molecules in the internal basal lamina. Interleukin (IL)-1 is important in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. IL-1β induces bone resorption by activating osteoclasts; however, its effects on adhesion of epithelial cells remain to be clarified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFollicular dendritic cell-secreted protein (FDC-SP) is expressed in FDCs, human periodontal ligament (HPL) cells, and junctional epithelium. To evaluate the effects of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) on FDC-SP gene expression in immortalized HPL cells, FDC-SP mRNA and protein levels in HPL cells following stimulation by IL-1β were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Luciferase (LUC), gel mobility shift, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses were performed to study the interaction between transcription factors and promoter regions in the human FDC-SP gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in biological processes such as cell differentiation, development, infection, immune response, inflammation and tumorigenesis. We previously reported that the expression of miR-200b was significantly increased in inflamed gingiva compared with non-inflamed gingiva. To elucidate the roles of miR-200b in the inflamed gingiva, we have analyzed the effects of miR-200b on the expression of IL-6 in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF).
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- Chronic inflammation of the periodontium is a leading cause of tooth loss, and the protein Amelotin (AMTN) plays a crucial role in protecting the tissues around teeth.
- The study aimed to explore how interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, affects AMTN gene expression in human gingival epithelial cells, showing that IL-1β significantly increases AMTN mRNA and protein levels over time.
- The findings suggest that IL-1β promotes AMTN transcription through interactions with specific DNA-binding proteins (C/EBP1, C/EBP2, and YY1), and that this process can be inhibited by various protein inhibitors.
Article Synopsis
- Follicular dendritic cell-secreted protein (FDC-SP) is expressed in specific cells like follicular dendritic cells and plays a role in immune responses, particularly in the gum tissue.
- The study explores how tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) regulates the transcription of the FDC-SP gene using various experimental techniques, demonstrating that TNF-α boosts both mRNA and protein levels of FDC-SP over time.
- Key transcription factors, including YY1, GATA, and C/EBP, were found to interact with specific elements in the FDC-SP gene promoter, indicating that TNF-α activates FDC-SP gene transcription through these factors and that certain inhibitors can reduce this effect
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the role of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in gingival crevicular fluid as a measure of periodontal tissue destruction and effectiveness of therapy.
- Conducted on 38 healthy and 80 periodontitis sites, the research looks at the changes in PTM (periodontal tissue monitor) values and other periodontal parameters before and six months after treatment.
- Results show significant improvements in PTM values alongside clinical measurements (probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing), confirming PTM values as a potential predictor for the success of periodontal regeneration therapy.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the use of hemoglobin (Hb) detection in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) as a potential improvement in diagnosing periodontal disease, alongside traditional metrics like probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP).
- Hb was found in over 64% of GCF samples from BOP-negative sites, suggesting that it could indicate underlying issues even when traditional measures appear stable.
- The findings imply that analyzing Hb in GCF could enhance early diagnosis of periodontal conditions, particularly in patients who seem to be stable based on standard clinical parameters.
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- The study investigates how filamin A (FLNa), an actin-binding protein, influences the remodeling of the pericellular matrix (PCM) in fibroblasts.
- Mice lacking FLNa in fibroblasts showed increased collagen density but disorganized fibers under stress, indicating FLNa’s role in maintaining proper collagen structure.
- Additionally, FLNa knockdown led to significant changes in collagen phagocytosis and degradation pathways, highlighting its importance in collagen abundance and organization during cellular remodeling processes.
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- Estrogen is crucial for skeletal development and operates through estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), which act as transcription factors that regulate specific genes in bone cells.
- In a study, ERα was shown to enhance the expression of bone sialoprotein (BSP), a protein important for mineralized tissue formation, but this effect was not influenced by the hormone β-estradiol.
- The research indicates that ERα activates BSP gene transcription independently of estrogen by binding to specific regulatory elements in the BSP gene promoter, demonstrating the complexity of hormonal regulation of bone biology.
Article Synopsis
- Runx2, Dlx5, and Smad1 are key transcription factors involved in the differentiation of bone-forming cells called osteoblasts and the mineralization of bone.
- The study examined how overexpressing these transcription factors and the proto-oncogene c-Src impacts the expression of bone sialoprotein (BSP), an important protein for initial bone mineralization, in a specific rat osteoblast-like cell line.
- Results showed that overexpression of Runx2, Dlx5, or c-Src led to increased levels of BSP and Runx2 mRNA, as well as enhanced luciferase activity linked to the BSP gene promoter, while Smad1 did not induce similar effects, indicating
Article Synopsis
- - Protamine is a small protein crucial for sperm development that also plays roles in various biological activities, including bone metabolism, where it helps to stabilize DNA and aids the initial mineralization of bone through the regulation of bone sialoprotein (BSP) mRNA levels.
- - Experiments showed that protamine increases the luciferase activity in bone cells, indicating its ability to enhance gene expression of BSP, a key protein in bone formation, through specific binding sites on the gene promoter.
- - The mechanism by which protamine affects BSP transcription involves multiple transcription factors (like CREB and c-Fos) and certain response elements (CRE, FRE, and HOX) that are crucial for the binding and formation of protein
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers analyzed GCF from 401 sites and found that the amount of GCF correlated most strongly with other clinical parameters, leading to the identification of cut-off values for BOP and probing pocket depth (PPD).
- * The results showed that some sites with high enzyme levels were BOP-negative, suggesting that integrating biochemical tests with traditional examinations could enhance the accuracy of diagnosing periodontal disease, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic methods in future research.
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- Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) is linked to aggressive periodontitis and is known to affect bone formation through its lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which has a similar structure to E. coli LPS and interacts with Toll-like receptor 4.
- The study focused on how different concentrations of A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS impact bone sialoprotein (BSP), a marker for bone formation, showing that 0.1 µg/ml of LPS decreases BSP levels while 0.01 µg/ml increases them in osteoblast-like cells.
- Key molecular mechanisms involved in these effects include the cAMP
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- Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a cytokine important for various biological processes, including bone metabolism, and can enhance the expression of bone sialoprotein (BSP) in osteoblast-like cells.
- When IL-11 is introduced, it activates luciferase activity linked to specific regulatory elements in the BSP gene promoter, indicating its role in gene transcription.
- The stimulation of BSP transcription by IL-11 involves several transcription factors and is regulated through specific binding sites, with inhibition studies suggesting the involvement of multiple signaling pathways.
Article Synopsis
- - Bone sialoprotein (BSP) plays a key role in mineralized tissues and is involved in the formation of hydroxyapatite, while forskolin (FSK) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) are known to enhance the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.
- - In prostate cancer DU145 cells, FSK and FGF2 significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of BSP and Runx2, demonstrating their potential to influence bone-related processes in cancer cells.
- - Experiments showed that the mechanisms by which FSK and FGF2 enhance BSP transcription involve specific regulatory elements (CRE1 and CRE2) in the BSP gene promoter, and that these processes can be
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- Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis acts differently compared to E. coli LPS; while E. coli LPS activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), P. gingivalis LPS acts as an antagonist for this receptor.
- In experiments with rat osteoblast-like cells, low concentrations (0.01 microg/ml) of P. gingivalis LPS increased bone sialoprotein (BSP) mRNA levels, while higher concentrations (0.1 microg/ml) decreased them, indicating a concentration-dependent effect on BSP transcription.
- The study also found that the influence of P. gingivalis LPS on BSP transcription involves specific protein
Article Synopsis
- - Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is an important glycoprotein involved in bone tissue, while fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) acts as a strong growth factor for various cells, including osteoblasts.
- - Previous research showed that FGF2 influences the transcription of the BSP gene by interacting with specific binding sites in the gene's promoter region.
- - This study found that FGF2 increased the levels of BSP and Runx2 mRNA in MCF7 breast cancer cells and enhanced luciferase activity in BSP gene promoter constructs, demonstrating that FGF2 stimulates BSP transcription by targeting certain DNA elements.
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- Inorganic polyphosphate (poly(P)) is found in nearly all cells and plays important biological roles, especially in osteoblasts related to bone function.
- The study showed that sodium phosphate glass type 25 (SPG25) increased bone sialoprotein (BSP) mRNA levels in osteoblast-like cells and impacted luciferase activities linked to specific gene constructs.
- The effects of SPG25 on BSP transcription were shown to be mediated by key binding sites (FGF2 response element and HOX) and could be inhibited by various kinase inhibitors, indicating complex signaling pathways in bone mineralization.
Article Synopsis
- PDGF is produced by mesenchymal cells and platelets, stimulating the growth of osteoblasts and increasing the activity of osteoclasts, which leads to bone resorption.
- In experiments with Saos2 and ROS17/2.8 osteoblast-like cells, PDGF-BB significantly increased the levels of bone sialoprotein (BSP) mRNA and protein over time.
- The study found that PDGF-BB activates specific elements in the BSP gene promoter, suggesting that it regulates BSP transcription through pathways involving cAMP response elements and AP1, with potential involvement from various protein kinases.