Polymorphisms of biotransforming enzymes (GSTs) and their association with colorectal cancer in the Slovak population.

The aim of present study was to summarize the results of a case-control study focused on genetic polymorphisms of selected Phase II metabolizing enzymes (GSTM1, T1, P1) and to investigate the association of these polymorphisms with the colorectal cancer risk among the Slovak population. A case-control study with 183 colorectal cancer cases and 422 controls was conducted. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes, and the polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 enzymes were determined by PCR-based methods.

Oral N-acetylcysteine reverses hyperoxia-related cough suppression in guinea pigs.

Hyperoxia-induced lung injury is well known in animal and human studies. We have previously shown that hyperoxic exposure of guinea pigs is associated with suppression of cough reflex. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress in lung tissue directed on cough reflex.

[Vascular and neurological complications of supracondylar humeral fractures in children].

The author reports two cases of pediatric patients with supracondylar humeral fractures complicated by concomitant vascular injury. One of the patients also presented with neurological symptoms from compression of the ulnar and median nerves. In the case of vascular injury only, it was necessary to resect a 1-cm segment of the brachial artery which was thrombosed due to intimal disruption.

[Ten-year experience with the Aldinger custom-made total hip arthroplasty: evaluation of the results].

Purpose Of The Study: The author presents the results of treatment with total hip arthroplasty (THA), in the Aldinger modification, in 91 patients receiving a total of 98 custom-made total hip implants in the period from 1993 to 2002. Eighty-eight patients (96.9 %) with 95 THAs were available for evaluation at the last follow-up.

[A Rare Fracture-dislocation of Talus.].

In the introduction the authors analyze the issues of the fractures of talus which is a key connection between the foot and the lower limb. For the prognosis of the healing of fractures of the talus they consider the most important its retrograde vascularization. Further they decribe types of fractures of the talus according to Hawkins.

[Treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation after bosworth.].

The authors present a group of 60 acromioclavicular dislocations of Tossy III type in 59 patients whom they operated on in the period of 1992-1996. Within the use of a variety of methods of the surgery of acromioclavicular dislocation they achieved the best results by a timely suture of the coracoclavicular ligament and stabilization of the clavicula by a Bosworth screw. They have been using this method most frequently since 1990 as when performed in time and technically correctly it is very efficient despite its certain drawbacks.

[Arthropathy of the wrist - extrapulmonary sarcoidosis.].

In the submitted paper the authors present a brief theoretical account and characteristics of sarcoidosis focused on its manifestations in the locomotor apparatus, found in 10 - 14 % of the patients. The course of this very rare form of sarcoidosis of the locomotor apparatus is demonstrated on a 50-year-old female patient with severe sarcoid arthropathy of the wrist. They draw special attention to diagnostic problems in extrapulmonary forms of sarcoidosis.

[Incidence of congenital orthopaedic defect in the martin district (longitudinal survey).].

The authors submit a model of the detection rate, monitoring and treatment of inborn defects of the locomotor system used in the Martin district. During the investigation period from 1972 - 1994 they examined and processed data from 41 281 neonates, i. e.

[Gastrointestinal Tonometry in Orthopaedics (Results of a Prospective Randomized Pilot Study GATOAN-1 in Patients with General and Regional Anaesthesia During Replacement of the Hip Joint).].

In the submited pilot study the authors present a recently introduced method of monitoring of the regional perfusion by gastric tonometry during implantation of an endoprosthesis of the hip joint. The objective of the investigation was in addition to introduction of a new method to assess the influence of the type of anaesthesia on markers of the gastrointestinal tract perfusion. The method was used in 10 patients aged 27 - 75 years where in four instances a cemented endoprosthesis was implanted and an uncemented one in six cases.

[Classification of anterior instability of the shoulder by arthroscopy - the authors clinical material.].

The authors review briefly the evaluation of anterior instability of the shoulder joint from different aspects. The objective of their work was to present different types of morphological changes, as suggested by Resch (6). During the two-year period since June 1995 so far a total of 96 patients with the clinical picture of anterior instability of the humeroscapular joint were examined arthroscopically.

[Use of radiocolloids in orthopaedic practice.].

The authors submit in their paper the results of treatment with radiocolloids 198Au and Y90 in patients with chronic synovialitis associated with rheumatoid arthritis, degenerative diseases, haemophilia, posttraumatic conditions, arthropathy and gout. During the period between 1970 and 1995 they administered radiocolloid 1259 times to 865 patients. Up to 1986 they administered radiocolloid of gold 198, since 1986 to the present time only radiocolloid of yttrium 90.

[Impingement syndrome - diagnosis and treatment.].

In the introduction the authors describe the anatomical features of the subacromial space from which the concept of impingement syndrome is derived. In a review of the literature they describe the development of views on the pathology of the subacromial space. According to Neer (11) impingement syndrome develops i three stages.

[Contribution of Three-phase Scintigraphy to Indication of Revision Arthroplasty of the Hip Joint.].

In the introduction of the paper the authors abalyze the problem of stable and long-term fixation of endoprostheses of the hip joint. They present statistics on the ratio of surgical revisions of endoprostheses of the hip joint in 1993-1996 which has a rising trend. In the subsequent part of the paper they deal with the problem of early diagnosis of loosening in the stage when only subjective data reported by the patient are available and the X-ray finding does not yet show signs of osteolysis and loosening of the TEP.