Specific and effective targeting cancer immunotherapy with a combination of three bispecific antibodies.

For the purpose of establishing a new adoptive immunotherapy for bile duct carcinoma (BDC), we previously constructed two kinds of bispecific antibodies (bsAbs), anti-MUC1 x anti-CD3 (M x 3) and anti-MUC1 x anti-CD28 (M x 28), which activate T cells and form bridges between them and MUC1-expressing tumor cells. In our previous studies [Cancer Res. 56 (1996) 4205] specific targeting therapy (STT) consisting of i.