A case of unilateral shoulder joint hydrarthrosis with wild-type amyloidogenic transthyretin amyloidosis.

Wild-type amyloidogenic transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis, known as systemic senile amyloidosis (SSA), is an age-related nonhereditary amyloidosis, which is known to cause cardiomyopathy and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Herein, we report a case of unilateral hydrarthrosis with arthritis of the right shoulder joint in an 82-year-old Japanese housewife who has a seven year history of polyneuropathy due to an unknown aetiology. At first, her joint pain was thought to be caused by overuse of her right upper arm.

Cervical Superficially Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Supraclavicular Lymph Node Metastasis: A Case Report.

Typically, local spread and lymph-vascular space invasion (LVSI) occur before lymph node (LN) and distant metastases during the progression of uterine cervical cancer. The prognostic value of LVSI in cervical superficially invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SISCC) is still debated. We encountered a rare case of cervical SISCC without LVSI presenting with multiple LN metastases, including pelvic, para-aortic, and left supraclavicular LNs.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma with desmoid-type fibromatosis: A clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical study of 14 cases.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with desmoid-type fibromatosis (DTF) is characterized by genetic alterations of the fibroblasts. PTC-DTF is extremely rare, and the reports on such cases have been sporadic. Immunohistochemical staining using the antibody for beta-catenin is useful in diagnosing the variant.

Skin cancer incidence among atomic bomb survivors from 1958 to 1996.

The radiation risk of skin cancer by histological types has been evaluated in the atomic bomb survivors. We examined 80,158 of the 120,321 cohort members who had their radiation dose estimated by the latest dosimetry system (DS02). Potential skin tumors diagnosed from 1958 to 1996 were reviewed by a panel of pathologists, and radiation risk of the first primary skin cancer was analyzed by histological types using a Poisson regression model.

Hybrid schwannoma/perineurioma of the spinal nerve: multifocal occurrence, and recurrence as an intraneural perineurioma.

A 63-year-old Japanese man complained of lower back pain and numbness and was diagnosed as intradural tumors at the T11/12 and L1 level. The thoracic tumor originated from the posterior nerve root, and the lumbar tumor originated from the cauda equina. Five months after surgical resection, the patient developed recurrent tumor consisting of enlargement of multiple caudal nerves.

Molecular basis of basal cell carcinogenesis in the atomic-bomb survivor population: p53 and PTCH gene alterations.

Epidemiological studies suggest that UV exposure from sunlight is the major etiology for skin cancers, both melanocytic and non-melanocytic. However, the radiation-related risk for skin cancer among atomic bomb survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki is primarily derived from the excess risk of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), with no demonstrable excess in squamous cell carcinoma or melanoma. The BCCs in this cohort are therefore unusual in being potentially attributable to two types of radiation-UV and ionizing (IR).

Expression and identification of a new splice variant of neuroglycan C, a transmembrane chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, in the human brain.

Neuroglycan C (NGC) is a transmembrane chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan with an EGF module. We studied the expression of NGC in the human brain, mainly in the hippocampus, and confirmed some observations by conducting experiments using rat brain. In humans, NGC mRNA was expressed exclusively in the brain, especially in the immature brain.

Histologic characteristics of skin cancer in Hiroshima and Nagasaki: background incidence and radiation effects.

Skin cancers, though rare in Japan, have reportedly been on the rise, but little else is known about epidemiologic features of different histologic types of skin cancer. The Life Span Study cohort, which consists of 93,700 atomic-bomb survivors, many of whom were exposed to negligibly low radiation doses, and 26,600 people not exposed to radiation, enables a population-based study of spontaneous as well as radiation-related cancer risk. Skin tumor incident cases diagnosed between 1958 and 1987 were ascertained by linkage to the Hiroshima and Nagasaki tumor registries augmented by searches of other data sources.

Clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of first primary tumors of the central nervous system and related organs among atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1958-1995.

Background: Analysis conducted in the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort of atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki found a significant dose-related excess of tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) and the pituitary gland. The objective of the current study was to evaluate clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of first primary tumors of the CNS and the pituitary gland in this cohort and to compare them with characteristics among other populations.

Methods: CNS and pituitary gland tumors that were diagnosed between 1958 and 1995 among 80,160 LSS cohort members were ascertained through Hiroshima and Nagasaki tumor registries, autopsy reports, and other sources.

Expression of presenilin 1 and synapse-related proteins during postnatal development is not different between accelerated senescence-prone and -resistant mice.

SAMP1TA/Ngs is an inbred strain of senescence-accelerated mice in which there is delayed development of cognitive functions and dendritic spine formation compared with normal control SAMR1TA//Ngs mice. It is hypothesized that abnormalities might be in the postnatal expression of synapse-related proteins in SAMP1TA/Ngs mice. Quantitative western blot analyses showed that the postnatal developmental changes in the expression of synaptophysin, post-synaptic density protein 95 and presenilin 1 in the cerebrum were similar between SAMP1TA/Ngs and SAMR1TA//Ngs mice.

Age-related loss of synapses in the frontal cortex of SAMP10 mouse: a model of cerebral degeneration.

SAMP10 mouse is a model of brain aging in which senescence is characterized by cerebral atrophy most prominent in the frontal cortex, deterioration in performance of learning and memory tasks, and alterations of the central dopaminergic system. The present study investigates age-related changes in the expression of synapse-related proteins to determine whether the number of synapses is decreased in SAMP10 mice. We quantified expression levels of synaptophysin, a presynaptic protein, and of PSD-95, a postsynaptic protein in various brain regions by immunoblotting.

Age-related progressive neuronal DNA damage associated with cerebral degeneration in a mouse model of accelerated senescence.

The DNA of cerebral neurons in subjects with Alzheimer's disease is extensively damaged, although the morphological features of apoptosis are absent. We investigated whether DNA is damaged in the brains of the SAMP10 strain of mouse, in which accelerated senescence is characterized by age-related cerebral atrophy and cognitive impairment. We performed quantitative terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated digoxigenin-labeled dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), using paraffin sections.

Tumors of the nervous system and pituitary gland associated with atomic bomb radiation exposure.

Background: The risk of developing nervous system tumors following exposure to ionizing radiation is not well quantified. We characterized the incidence of nervous system tumors among atomic bomb survivors as a function of radiation dose.

Methods: Tumors of the nervous system and pituitary gland diagnosed between 1958 and 1995 among 80 160 atomic bomb survivors were ascertained using the Hiroshima and Nagasaki tumor registries, medical records, and death certificates.