Physiological background parenchymal uptake of F-FDG in normal breast tissues using dedicated breast PET: correlation with mammographic breast composition, menopausal status, and menstrual cycle.

Objective: This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effects of age, mammographic density, menopausal status, and menstrual cycle on background parenchymal uptake (BPU) using ring-shaped dedicated breast positron emission tomography (dbPET).

Methods: This study included 186 adult women who underwent mammography and dbPET on the same day and had no abnormalities classified as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 1 on both examinations. The volume of interest (VOI) was placed in the glandular tissue of both breasts, and the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV), mean standardized uptake value (SUV), and metabolic breast volume (MBV) were measured as indicators of BPU.

Retraction: 'Effect of blonanserin on cognitive function in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia'.

Unlabelled: The above article from Human Psychopharmacology, first published on 25 January 2012 in Wiley OnlineLibrary (onlinelibrary.wiley.com), and in Volume 90, pp.

Attenuation correction of (111)In planar images by use of dual energy, fundamental study by Monte Carlo simulation.

In this study, we devised and evaluated a method for attenuation correction of the hot spot in (111)In planar images. By use of the difference in transmittance between two energies (171 and 245 keV), the depth of the hot spot was calculated. Planar images of point sources in a numerical phantom (water) with depths from 0 to 20 cm at 2 cm intervals were prepared by Monte Carlo simulation.

(89)Sr bremsstrahlung single photon emission computed tomography using a gamma camera for bone metastases.

Objective: Strontium-89 chloride ((89)Sr) bremsstrahlung single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging was evaluated for detecting more detailed whole body (89)Sr distribution.

Methods: (89)Sr bremsstrahlung whole body planar and merged SPECT images were acquired using two-detector SPECT system. Energy window A (100 keV ± 50 %) for planar imaging and energy window A plus adjacent energy window B (300 keV ± 50 %) for SPECT imaging were set on the continuous spectrum.

Effect of blonanserin on cognitive function in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of blonanserin, a novel antipsychotic, on cognitive function in first-episode schizophrenia.

Methods: Twenty-four antipsychotic-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia participated in the study. Blonanserin was given in an open-label design for 8 weeks.

Effects of tapering of long-term benzodiazepines on cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia receiving a second-generation antipsychotic.

Background: The high use of long-term benzodiazepines (BZDs) with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) has been identified as an important issue in the treatment of schizophrenia in Japan. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of gradual reduction or discontinuation of daytime BZD use on cognitive function and quality of life (QOL) in patients with chronic schizophrenia receiving an SGA.

Methods: Thirty schizophrenic patients who had received an SGA with concomitant BZDs for at least 3 months were enrolled.

[A trial of 89Sr bremsstrahlung SPECT].

Objective: 89Sr bremsstrahlung SPECT imaging has been evaluated for detecting the more detailed whole body 89Sr distribution.

Methods: 89Sr bremsstrahlung whole body planar and merged SPECT images were acquired by using two detectors type SPECT system. Energy window A (100 keV +/- 50%) for planar imaging, and energy window A plus adjacent energy window B (300 keV +/- 50%) for SPECT imaging were set on the continuous spectrum.

Effects of discontinuation of long-term biperiden use on cognitive function and quality of life in schizophrenia.

Background: The high use of long-term antiparkinsonian anticholinergic drugs with antipsychotics has been identified as an important issue in the treatment of schizophrenia in Japan. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of gradual discontinuation of biperiden, an anticholinergic drug, on cognitive function and quality of life (QOL) in schizophrenia.

Methods: Thirty-four schizophrenic patients who had received a second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) with concomitant biperiden for at least 3 months were enrolled.

Diagnostic whole-body scanning before radioiodine therapy for pulmonary metastases of differentiated thyroid cancer: predictive value and recommendations.

Rationale: Radioiodine therapy improves the survival of patients with pulmonary metastases of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). It is controversial whether the diagnostic whole-body I-131 scan (DWS) before therapy is essential. We determined whether DWS could predict the efficacy of I-131 therapy for pulmonary metastases.

Comparison of 18F-FDG PET and bone scintigraphy in detection of bone metastases of thyroid cancer.

Unlabelled: We compared the efficacies of (18)F-FDG PET and (99m)Tc-bone scintigraphy for the detection of bone metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).

Methods: We examined 47 patients (32 women, 15 men; mean age +/- SD, 57.0 +/- 10.

Low efficacy of 18F-FDG PET for detection of uveal malignant melanoma compared with 123I-IMP SPECT.

Unlabelled: Earlier investigations showed that N-isopropyl-p-123I-iodoamphetamine SPECT (123I-IMP SPECT) is useful for the diagnosis of uveal malignant melanoma, whereas the feasibility and usefulness of 18F-FDG PET in uveal malignant melanoma have not yet been established. We compared the usefulness of 123I-IMP SPECT and 18F-FDG PET for the detection of uveal malignant melanoma on the same subjects.

Methods: Nineteen patients (10 men, 9 women) with suspected uveal malignant melanoma were examined by 123I-IMP SPECT.

Solitary pulmonary nodules: optimal slice thickness of high-resolution CT in differentiating malignant from benign.

The purpose of this study was to determine an optimal slice thickness that was efficient in differentiating malignant from benign solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images. For a total of 92 SPNs, four radiologist indicated their confidence level for the malignant or benign SPN on the CT images presented in 1-, 3-, and 5-mm slice thickness. HRCT could be used to differentiate more accurately the malignant nodules from the benign ones using 1-mm-thick sections than 3- or 5-mm-thick sections.

Prognostic value of positron emission tomography in cryptogenic West syndrome.

The relationship between positron emission tomography (PET) findings and developmental or seizure outcome was examined in 17 infants (11 males, six females; mean age at onset of spasms 7 months, range 3 to 26 months) with newly diagnosed cryptogenic West syndrome. The predictive value of PET in these infants was assessed. PET was performed in the infants at the onset of spasms and 3 months after initial therapy using 18F-labelled 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose.

Changes of neural activity correlate with the severity of cortical ischemia in patients with unilateral major cerebral artery occlusion.

Background And Purpose: In major cerebral arterial steno-occlusive diseases, there can be remarkably decreased hemodynamic reserve without marked neurological impairments. In such settings, it is not known whether the neural activity is well maintained or disturbed according to the severity of cerebral ischemia. The present study was therefore undertaken to examine the neural activity under mild cerebral ischemia resulting from major cerebral arterial occlusion.