Long-term risk factors for poor visual outcomes in patients with epiretinal membrane and open-angle glaucoma: a retrospective study.

We aimed to identify prognostic risk factors for visual deterioration in eyes with epiretinal membrane (ERM) and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) through long-term follow-up. In this retrospective observational case series, we examined consecutive eyes with ERM and OAG over a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Visual outcomes and prognostic factors were analyzed in patients' eyes undergoing ERM peeling with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) (peeling group) and only observation (observation group).

Preoperative hemoglobin A1c is associated with postoperative bleeding after vitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

We previously reported that a high HbA1c level 3 months before vitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage or a large preoperative decrease in the HbA1c level over 3 months tended to increase the risk of rebleeding in diabetic retinopathy patients evaluated between 2010 and 2014. Here, we aimed to confirm these results with an extended study period and an increased number of operated eyes. This study included 121 diabetic patients who were admitted to Osaka University Hospital between 2010 and 2019 and who underwent vitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage.

Embedding Technique versus Conventional Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for Lamellar Macular Holes with Epiretinal Proliferation.

Purpose: To examine the outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP) embedding and conventional internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for lamellar macular holes (LMHs) with LHEP.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Subjects: Forty eyes of 39 consecutive patients with LMHs and LHEP who underwent 3-port PPV with a minimum follow-up of 3 months.

Basal cortisol concentrations related to maternal behavior during puppy development predict post-growth resilience in dogs.

A prolonged stress hyporesponsive period (SHRP) due to the mother's presence may delay the timing of glucocorticoid (GC) elevation in infants, thereby reducing the excessive stress response that would affect post-growth temperament. In dogs, the SHRP has been suggested to persist until postnatal week (PW) 4; therefore, PW 5, which SHRP may be prolonged by the mother dog, may be a critical point in the developmental stage of dogs to establish stress responsiveness. We conducted a long-term survey on the development of dogs to investigate i) whether the degree of the stress response at PW 5 is determined by maternal behavior and ii) whether it can predict post-growth stress responses and temperament in dogs.

Analysis of Progressive Neovascularization in Diabetic Retinopathy Using Widefield OCT Angiography.

Purpose: To document enlarged neovascularization elsewhere (NVE) quantitatively and morphologically using widefield swept-source (SS) OCT angiography (OCTA) with vitreoretinal interface (VRI) slab images.

Design: Retrospective, observational imaging study.

Participants: The study included 46 NVE examples in 25 eyes of 21 consecutive patients who demonstrated severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy with NVE between March 2018 and June 2020 at Osaka University Hospital.

Impact of photoreceptor density in a 3D simulation of panretinal laser photocoagulation.

Background: During panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), the outer retina, especially the photoreceptors, are destroyed. During such procedures, the impact of the retinal photocoagulation, which is performed in the same photocoagulated area, may change if it is applied to different locations with different photoreceptor densities. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the influence of photoreceptor density on PRP.

Association of disorganization of retinal inner layers with optical coherence tomography angiography features in branch retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: To examine the associations between the disorganization of the retinal inner layers (DRIL) and optical coherence tomography angiography characteristics and visual acuity (VA) outcomes in eyes with macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

Methods: In this single-center cross-sectional cohort study, the data of 43 patients with macular edema secondary to BRVO that received pro re nata anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy were analyzed. B-scan and en face angiographic images were obtained by swept-source-based wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography performed at a single visit 1 month after the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy session and evaluated.

Surgical Factors Affecting Changes in Ocular Surface Dynamics in the Early Postoperative Period After 25-Gauge Vitrectomy.

Objectives: Because vitrectomy-associated postoperative ocular surface changes are not well known, we evaluated such changes before and after vitrectomy in eyes with posterior segment diseases and investigated their associations with patients' characteristics and surgical procedures.

Methods: Thirty-five eyes of 32 consecutive patients (16 women; average age 66.6±11.

Clinical features and visual function in a patient with Fish-eye disease: Quantitative measurements and optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: We describe a case of fish-eye disease (FED) where the clinical features and visual function were investigated using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) and quantitative measurements.

Observations: A 36-year-old Japanese woman with FED presented with bilateral corneal opacities and visual complaints. Both contrast sensitivity and straylight were measured and OCT imaging was performed.

[Anesthetic management of a pneumothorax patient with complete situs inversus].

We experienced a case of pneumothorax in a patient with complete situs inversus. A 30-year-old man was scheduled for partial resection of the left lung under video assisted thoracic surgery. He had asymptomatic complete situs inversus.

The behavioral and endocrinological development of stress response in dogs.

Endocrinological stress response has been shown to be absent in a specific period of the early life of rodents; this is named the stress-hyporesponsive period (SHRP). The SHRP is a significant period for the appropriate development of infants. In this study, the presence of SHRP in dogs was identified by conducting a 5-min separation test in 142 Labrador retriever puppies in their early socialization period and measuring the changes in urinary cortisol levels.

[Comparison of intraoperative stress hormones release between propofol-remifentanil anesthesia and propofol with epidural anesthesia during gynecological surgery].

Background: Remifentanil recently comes to be used for intraoperative analgesia instead of epidural anesthesia in gynecological surgery. It seems to offer the same stability in vital signs, but stress response during remifentanil anesthesia has not been evaluated. Therefore, we compared remifentanil anesthesia with epidural anesthesia regarding stress hormones.

[Anaphylactic reaction to epidural block in an outpatient].

A healthy 29-year-old woman received epidural block for severe lumbago in an outpatient clinic. Fifteen minutes after injection of mepivacaine 0.5% with dexamethasone into the epidural space, the patient complained of itching of eyelids followed by generalized pruritus.

[The direction and the position of epidural catheter tips inserted 5 cm or 7 cm cephalad did not differ].

Background: Epidural catheter insertion is a common procedure in gynecological surgeries. At a previous study, we investigated the catheter's direction and position, inserted 7cm cephalad from T12-L1, with postoperative plain X-P using picture archiving communication system (PACS). 74% of the catheters advanced in cephalad direction and 71.

[Assessment of the quality of the newly developed rapid oscillometric blood pressure measurement].

Background: The purpose of this study is to examine the accuracy of the Fukuda Denshi DS-7000 noninvasive blood pressure measurement device equipped with two cuff deflation mode: a normal mode and quick mode.

Methods: Twenty-one patients undergoing elective surgery were divided into two groups by using cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI): no atherosclerotic group and atherosclerotic group. During anesthesia, two modes of blood pressure measurements were examined with the normal mode followed by the quick mode.

[Efficacy of traditional herbal medicine, Yokukansan on patients with neuropathic pain].

Background: Neuropathic pain that is the chronic, severe, and intractable pain, interferes with activities of daily living (ADL) and consequently reduces quality of life (QOL). We reported the efficacy of Yokukansan in patients with neuropathic pain, including acute herpetic pain, postherpetic neuralgia, central poststroke pain, post-traumatic spinal cord injury pain, thalamic syndrome, complex regional pain syndrome and symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia. Yokukansan was more effective compared with traditional medicines, such as tricyclic antidepressants, carbamazepine, gabapentin, and opioids etc.

[Confirmation of the position of the epidural catheter regarding its intended direction and location for lumbar epidural block].

Background: Epidural catheter insertion is a common procedure for gynecological surgeries. Epidural puncture is usually performed according to the anatomical landmarks without radiographic means. The aim of his study was to confirm the actual level of puncture, and the distance as well as the direction of epidural catheters threaded.

[Retrospective evaluation of optimal doses of fentanyl by patient-controlled epidural analgesia in management of postoperative pain after gynecological surgery in the elderly].

Background: Patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) is a useful method in alleviation of postoperative pain; however, PCEA sometimes provided inadequate pain relief in the elderly. Therefore, we investigated optimal doses of fentanyl by PCEA in management of postoperative pain after gynecological surgery in the elderly.

Methods: We investigated the pain at rest using 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) on the 1st day and 2nd day after the operations.

[Yokuininto improves treatment resistant burning pain in legs].

Yokuininto was effective in treating burning pain in both lower legs of a 58-year-old woman. She felt her lower legs feverish: however, no neurological deficit or abnormal finding in angiography was found. The burning pain was increased by cold and decreased by warm, but was alleviated by epidural block with local anesthetics.

[Effective treatment of acute pain and related symptoms in elderly with herpes zoster].

Background: The incidence of herpes zoster increases with age. Immediate pain relief is required for prevention of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and also its related symptoms that worsen the general condition because acute herpetic pain often interferes with sleep, mood, and general activities in elderly patients. Nerve block is useful to relief acute pain and recommended for prevention of PHN.