Rise in Haemophilus influenzae With Reduced Quinolone Susceptibility and Development of a Simple Screening Method.

Background: β-Lactamase-nonproducing ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae are prevalent in Japan. Resistance has increased as a consequence of the expanded use of antimicrobial agents, raising concerns about the rise of multidrug (macrolide and fluoroquinolone)-resistant H. influenzae.

Prevalence of macrolide-non-susceptible isolates among β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae in a tertiary care hospital in Japan.

β-Lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) Haemophilus influenzae account for a large portion of H. influenzae clinical isolates in Japan. The aim of this study was to clarify the antimicrobial susceptibility of BLNAR H.

Clinical and molecular analysis of six Japanese patients with a renal form of pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1.

Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (PHA1) is a rare condition characterized by neonatal salt loss with elevated plasma aldosterone and renin levels. Two types of PHA1 have been described: an autosomal recessive systemic form and an autosomal dominant renal form, in which the target organ defect is confined to the renal tubules. The dominant renal form of PHA1 is caused by heterozygous mutations in the NR3C2 gene, which encodes the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR).

Marked elevation of interferon-γ in acute focal bacterial nephritis.

Acute focal bacterial nephritis (AFBN) is a localized, interstitial bacterial infection of the renal parenchyma. In this study, we measured the serum levels of several cytokines in patients with AFBN. A total of 11 children were enrolled in the study and classified into two groups of patients: an AFBN group and a control group.

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in children with seizures from respiratory syncytial virus infection.

We report 3 cases of respiratory syncytial virus infection-associated seizures; their abnormalities of cerebrospinal fluid (increased interleukin-6 and positive for virus by highly sensitive assay) were documented. These data revealed that neurological involvement might be caused by a direct invasion.

Detection of respiratory syncytial virus genome by subgroups-A, B specific reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP).

Annual seasonal outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection occur every winter. Most patients are diagnosed clinically by a rapid detection kit for RSV protein(s) from nasopharyngeal secretion (NPS), but some problems have been reported on the specificity and sensitivity of such rapid detection kits. To ratify these issues, a sensitive, specific, simple, and rapid molecular based diagnostic method is expected to be introduced and we have developed a method to detect the RSV genome of subgroups A and B independently by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP).