Prevention of Cervical Cancer in Low-Resource African Settings.

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer among women. Approximately 350,000 women die from cervical needlessly from cancer each year, and 85% of the global burden occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Disparities in the incidence and mortality between LMICs and industrialized countries can be attributed to differences in access to human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening and treatment.

Mapping the cervical cancer screening cascade among women living with HIV in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Objective: To map the cervical cancer screening cascade among women living with HIV attending a public-sector cytology screening program in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of routinely collected clinical data captured in an electronic medical record system. Women (≥18 years) living with HIV with an abnormal Pap result between January 2013 and May 2018 were included.

Provider perspectives on contraceptive service delivery: findings from a qualitative study in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Background: Healthcare providers' skills and attitudes are both barriers and facilitators of contraceptive uptake. In South Africa, migration of healthcare workers and the demands of the HIV epidemic have also contributed to inequitable access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) care. Yet, the country has committed to achieving universal access to SRH services.

Women's costs for accessing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services: findings from an observational study in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Background: Evaluating progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal of universal access to sexual and reproductive (SRH) services requires an understanding of the health needs of individuals and what constitutes access to services. We explored women's costs of accessing SRH services in Johannesburg, South Africa and contextualized costs based on estimates of household income.

Methods: We conducted an observational study of women aged 18-49 at a public HIV treatment site and two public primary health care facilities from June 2015 to August 2016.

Cryotherapy Reduces Progression of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 1 in South African HIV-Infected Women: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Background: HIV-infected women are at an increased risk of cervical cancer, especially in resource-limited countries. Cervical cancer prevention strategies focus treating cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). The management of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) in HIV-infected women is unknown.

Cost-effectiveness of using the Cervex-Brush (broom) compared to the elongated spatula for collection of conventional cervical cytology samples within a high-burden HIV setting: a model-based analysis.

Background: From 2010 to 2014, approximately 2 million Pap smears from HIV-infected women were submitted to the South African National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS) through the national cervical cancer screening programme. The objective of this analysis was to determine whether using the plastic Cervex brush ("broom") would be a cost-effective approach to improve cytology specimen quality as compared to the wooden spatula used currently.

Methods: A decision analysis model was built using the expected adequacy rates for samples collected with the spatula (<$0.