SOCS7-Derived BC-Box Motif Peptide Mediated Cholinergic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) are a type of pluripotent somatic stem cells that differentiate into various cell types such as osteoblast, chondrocyte, and neuronal cells. ADMSCs as donor cells are used to produce regenerative medicines at hospitals and clinics. However, it has not been reported that ADMSCs were differentiated to a specific type of neuron with a peptide.

Anaplastic myxopapillary ependymoma: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE) is a pathological grade I tumor that arises in the filum terminale. MPE with anaplastic features is extremely rare, and only 5 cases have shown malignancy at the time of recurrence.

Case Summary: The patient (a 46-year-old woman) had undergone a MPE operation 30 years ago.

Efficacy of Supraclavicular Scalenotomy Followed by External Neurolysis without Rib Resection for Post-traumatic Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome.

Most patients with neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (NTOS) have a history of trauma. Scar tissue formation within the scalene muscle and around the nerves after injury cause arm and hand symptoms. We report that supraclavicular scalenotomy followed by external neurolysis without rib resection is very effective as the surgical treatment.

BC-Box Motif in SOCS6 Induces Differentiation of Epidermal Stem Cells into GABAnergic Neurons.

The BC-box motif in suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 (SOCS6) promotes the neuronal differentiation of somatic stem cells, including epidermal stem cells. SOCS6 protein belongs to the group of SOCS proteins and inhibits cytokine signaling. Here we showed that epidermal stem cells were induced to differentiate into GABAnergic neurons by the intracellular delivery of a peptide composed of the amino-acid sequences encoded by the BC-box motif in SOCS6 protein.

Role of VHL-JAK-STAT signaling pathway in central nervous system hemangioblastoma associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease.

Introduction: Central nervous system hemangioblastoma is a benign tumor associated with or without von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease which is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease that results from a germline mutation in the VHL gene. A main axis of signaling pathways in central nervous system hemangioblastoma is VHL-HIF signaling pathway. Here, we propose an alternative VHL-JAK-STAT signaling pathway in hemangioblastoma and discuss the role.

Predictors of the Response to an Epidural Blood Patch in Patients with Spinal Leakage of Cerebrospinal Fluid.

Background And Purpose: An epidural blood patch (EBP) is a highly effective therapy for spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. However, the factors predicting the response to an EBP have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to elucidate factors predicting the response to an EBP.

VHL-Associated Optic Nerve Hemangioblastoma Treated with Stereotactic Radiosurgery.

Central nervous system hemangioblastomas are generally restricted to the cerebellum, spinal cord, and brainstem. Supratentorial hemangioblastomas are uncommon, and optic nerve hemangioblastomas are extremely rare, with fewer than 25 reports including this case. In this report, we present the case of a 36-year-old woman with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease who presented with progressive diminution of vision in the left eye due to a retrobulbar optic nerve hemangioblastoma.

[Chondroblastoma of the Temporal Bone Removed Using a Middle Cranial Fossa Approach].

We report a case of chondroblastoma of the middle cranial fossa, probably arising from the (infra) mandibular fossa, and expanding to the attic and external auditory canal that was successfully removed using a middle cranial fossa approach. No recurrences occurred during an 8-year postoperative follow-up period. Initial biopsy findings suggested a pathological diagnosis of giant cell tumor that was later confirmed to be a chondroblastoma based on an immunohistochemical study of S-100.

[The present state and view of the cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia research].

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is a rare disease characterized by orthostatic headache, low cerebrospinal fluid pressure and diffuse dural enhancement in brain MRI. German neurologist Schaltenbrand reported that orthostatic headache by low cerebrospinal fluid pressure in 1938. This disease came to be known after development of radiological diagnosis in 1990'.

Conservative treatment of ruptured vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysm.

Ruptured vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysm is usually treated surgically because rebleeding negatively affects outcome. However, the risk of rebleeding decreases markedly once several hours have passed from the initial bleeding. Moreover, surgery-related complications are not rare.

Brain abscess caused by Nocardia nova.

Nocardia nova is a newly identified species of the Nocardia asteroides group and has recently been characterized as a human pathogen. To date, a few cases of N. nova pneumonia or subcutaneous abscess have been reported.

Three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography with low loads of contrast agent in acute subarachnoid hemorrhage.

In the pre-operative evaluation of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography (3D-CTA) is very helpful. However, it is usually difficult to perform 3D-CTA following four-vessel cerebral angiography in the setting of acute SAH because of high loads of contrast agent. The present report is designed to enable 3D-CTA following catheter angiography for surgical planning.