[A case of severe hypokalemia caused by a Chinese herbal remedy (Yokukansan) in an 81-year-old woman with dementia].

An 81-year-old woman had been visiting 2 hospitals for hypertension and dementia, prior to admission to our emergency room for nausea, hypertension, severe hypokalemia (K 1.29 mEq/l) and abnormal electrocardiography findings. She had been taking a Chinese herbal remedy (Yokukansan, 7.

[Thiazide diuretics for hypertensive treatment induced severe hyponatremia with consciousness disturbance in two elderly cases].

The salt intake of the Japanese is among the highest in the world, leading to a high prevalence of salt-sensitive hypertension. To prevent this, salt restriction, suppression of the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and natriuresis are important. Therefore, the use of a combination of an angiotensin II receptor blocker and thiazide diuretics is used for antihypertensive treatment.

[Effect of glucose and bone metabolism in endocrinal disorder].

It is well known that endocrine disorders; glucocorticoid excess including Cushing syndrome, high dose or long term steroid therapy and hyperthyroidism, induce secondary osteoporosis. These common endocrinal disorders affect not only bone metabolism but also glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolisms also play a important role in the progression of osteoporosis.