Remarkable response to capmatinib in a patient with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma harboring - fusion.

Dysregulation of mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor () gene due to amplification, mutation, and fusion has been reported in various types of human cancers. Recently, the efficacy of small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting MET has been demonstrated in a wide range of -dysregulated tumors. The majority of biliary tract cancers including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) are diagnosed at an advanced stage, and the utility of conventional chemotherapy is limited.

Response to capmatinib in a patient with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder origin harboring amplification.

Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the gallbladder origin is particularly rare, accounting for only 0.38% of primary malignancies of the gallbladder, and standard therapies are limited. The gene encodes the tyrosine kinase receptor, c-Met.

Inter-assay variability of next-generation sequencing-based gene panels.

Background: Tumor heterogeneity has been known to cause inter-assay discordance among next-generation sequencing (NGS) results. However, whether preclinical factors such as sample type, sample quality and analytical features of gene panel can affect the concordance between two different assays remains largely unexplored.

Methods: Replicate sets of DNA samples extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues (FFPE) (n = 20) and fresh frozen (FF) tissues (n = 10) were herein analyzed using a tumor-only (TO) and paired tumor-normal (TN) gene panel in laboratories certified by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment.

Current status and issues related to secondary findings in the first public insurance covered tumor genomic profiling in Japan: multi-site questionnaire survey.

In June 2019, the Japanese National Health Insurance (NHI) system introduced coverage for two types of tumor genomic profiling (TGP): FoundationOne CDx (F1) and OncoGuide™ NCC OncoPanel System (NCCOP). TGP sometimes reveals germline variants that are potentially pathogenic as secondary findings (SFs). We conducted a questionnaire-based survey to find out the operational statuses of F1 and NCCOP at institutions where TGP was performed to elucidate issues related to SFs.

[From the Standpoint of a Core Center Hospital for Cancer Genome Medicine-Establishment of a Provision System for Wide-Area Precision Oncology].

In Japan, 2 comprehensive genome profiling(CGP)tests for cancer was covered by national health insurance in June 2019, and cancer genome medicine was introduced at a total of 225 hospitals designated by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare as"core center hospitals for cancer genome medicine(12 hospitals)"," core hospitals for cancer genome medicine (33 hospitals)", and"collaborative hospitals for cancer genome medicine(180 hospitals)". On the other hand, the interpretation of the results of the cancer CGP test must be discussed by an expert panel conducted at the core center hospitals for cancer genome medicine or the core hospitals for cancer genome medicine, and the results must be explained to patients in order to be covered by insurance. In other words, these hospitals are required to review not only their own cases but also those of collaborating hospitals.

Repeated talaporfin sodium photodynamic therapy for esophageal cancer: safety and efficacy.

Background: Talaporfin sodium photodynamic therapy (tPDT) is an effective salvage treatment for local failure after chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer. Repeated tPDT could also be indicated for local recurrence or residue after the first salvage tPDT. However, the safety and efficacy of repeated tPDT have not been elucidated.

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Posttreatment Strategy After Endoscopic Resection for Patients with T1 Colorectal Cancer at High Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis.

Background: Although endoscopic resection is increasingly performed to treat submucosal invasive colorectal cancer (T1CRC), approximately 10% are at risk of lymph node metastasis. The Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum guideline indicates that the following risk factors should be considered when deciding whether to perform additional surgical resection with lymph node dissection: depth of T1 invasion, lymphovascular invasion, poor histological grade, and budding grade 2/3. However, there is little information about the prognosis of T1CRC patients, or factors to consider when deciding subsequent treatment of high-risk T1CRC.

Distinct effects of EGFR inhibitors on epithelial- and mesenchymal-like esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the clinical effects of EGFR inhibitors on ESCC are controversial. This study sought to identify the factors determining the therapeutic efficacy of EGFR inhibitors in ESCC cells.

Novel 5-fluorouracil-resistant human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase overexpression.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a key drug for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); however, resistance to it remains a critical limitation to its clinical use. To clarify the mechanisms of 5-FU resistance of ESCC, we originally established 5-FU-resistant ESCC cells, TE-5R, by step-wise treatment with continuously increasing concentrations of 5-FU. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of 5-FU showed that TE-5R cells were 15.

Intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas penetrating to the stomach and the common bile duct.

Context: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas occasionally penetrates to others organs. We present a case of IPMN penetrating to the stomach and the common bile duct.

Case Report: A 75-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of epigastric pain.

Anthocyanins extracted from Chinese blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) and its anticancer effects on DLD-1 and COLO205 cells.

Background: Vaccinium uliginosum L. is a type of blueberry found in the Chinese Changbai Mountains. We extracted Vaccinium uliginosum Anthocyanins (A(V.

Combination of abducens nerve palsy and ipsilateral postganglionic Horner syndrome as an initial manifestation of uterine cervical cancer.

A 74-year-old woman presented with abducens nerve palsy, postganglionic Horner syndrome and sensory disturbance in the territory of the ophthalmic nerve on the left side. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a gadolinium-enhanced lesion within the left cavernous sinus. Thereafter, uterine cervical cancer was detected as the origin of this intra-cavernous sinus metastasis.

Induction therapy with twice-daily interferon-beta does not improve the therapeutic efficacy of consensus interferon monotherapy for chronic hepatitis C.

We examined therapeutic superiority of induction therapy with twice-daily IFN-beta (3X2=6 million units/day) onto 6-months consensus interferon monotherapy for chronic hepatitis C. Patients were randomly assigned to monotherapy without (group I, n=16) and with induction therapy (group II, n=12). The mean age of group II was older than that of group I, and other baseline condition was not statistically significant.

Additive therapeutic effects of the liver extract preparation mixture adelavin-9 on interferon-beta treatment for chronic hepatitis C.

Background/aims: We previously reported that intravenous interferon-beta administration was effective in treating patients with chronic hepatitis C and that there was no significant correlation between the response to therapy and host in vitro immunoglobulin production. The aims of this study were to evaluate the additive effect of a liver extract preparation and flavin adenine dinucleotide mixture and to reevaluate the correlation.

Methodology: 65 patients with chronic hepatitis C received intravenously 6 million units of interferon-beta and 2 mL of a liver extract preparation and flavin adenine dinucleotide mixture.

Hepatic injury in 12 patients taking the herbal weight loss AIDS Chaso or Onshido.

Background: The Chinese herbal dietary supplements Chaso and Onshido are marketed for weight loss in Japan. The safety of these weight loss aids is unknown.

Objective: To describe patients who developed liver injury while taking Chaso or Onshido.