Publications by authors named "Masahiro Yamazaki"

Purpose: Despite the low overall death rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), no study has examined the association between COVID-19 severity and the total daily insulin dose required for glycemic control. The aim of this study was to determine the maximum total daily insulin dose required according to COVID-19 severity, and the number of days required to reach the maximum insulin dose in patients with COVID-19 who used insulin during hospitalization.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included participants aged 20-90 years with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 who used insulin during hospitalization at Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Hospital between March 4, 2020, and May 31, 2021.

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  • The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of deep wound cultures versus superficial swab cultures in identifying pathogens in patients with Fournier's gangrene, as well as how these microorganisms relate to blood or urine samples.
  • Researchers analyzed data from 25 patients who underwent debridement between 2006 and 2023, finding that deep wound cultures detected more anaerobic bacteria compared to superficial swabs and had a low concordance rate.
  • The results indicated that superficial swab cultures are not a reliable stand-in for deep wound cultures, but blood and urine cultures can help guide antibiotic treatment, despite their lower positivity rates.
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Background: The association between surgical performance ratings and clinical outcomes in robotic surgery is poorly understood. Additionally, no studies have reported on the relationship between the surgeon's initial case-skill evaluation and the learning curve in robot-assisted surgery. We evaluated whether an objective surgical technique evaluation score for initial robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) was associated with clinical outcomes and surgeons' learning curves.

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  • Renal artery pseudoaneurysm (RAP) is a serious complication after partial nephrectomy for kidney cancer, and the study explores the effectiveness of a soft coagulation system in reducing its incidence during robotic surgeries.
  • The study analyzed outcomes from 208 surgeries, showing a significant decrease in pseudoaneurysm rates (1.2% in users vs. 22.5% in non-users, P<0.001) and better renal function measurements at various post-surgery time points in the soft coagulation group.
  • While short-term decreases in renal function were noted in the user group, no significant long-term differences in kidney function were observed after one year, indicating that soft coagulation is beneficial for preventing complications
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Air pollution, especially particulate matter (PM), is a significant environmental pollution worldwide. Studying the chemical, environmental, and life-related cellular physical characteristics of size-fractionated PMs is important because of their different degrees of harmful effects on human respiratory tracts and organ systems, causing severe diseases. This study evaluates the chemical components of size-fractionated PMs down to PM collected during a biomass-burning episode, including elemental/organic carbon and trace elements.

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Aims/introduction: We aimed to investigate the association between glycemic variability and quality of life (QOL) in patients with diabetes, which has not been studied previously.

Materials And Methods: Patients who were undergoing treatment at the Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Hospital and Kameoka City Hospital participated in the KAMOGAWA-DM study, and completed the diabetes therapy-related (DTR)-QOL questionnaire from January 2016 to July 2020 were included in this study. We used linear regression analyses to compare the association between DTR-QOL scores and glycemic variability.

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Purpose: To evaluate international prostate symptom score and urinary quality of life in patients with prostate cancer who underwent low-dose-rate brachytherapy, and to identify lower urinary tract symptoms that must be improved to enhance post-operative urinary quality of life and factors associated with lower urinary tract symptoms.

Material And Methods: This study included 193 patients who underwent low-dose-rate brachytherapy alone (145 Gy). Importance-performance analysis was conducted to identify lower urinary tract symptoms that should be prioritized to improve urinary quality of life.

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Diet therapy is one of the most important treatments for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, dietary restrictions due to diet therapy may reduce quality of life (QOL). This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between diabetes diet-related QOL and dietary fiber intake in 238 people with T2D.

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Objectives: Schwannoma expansion after radiotherapy has not been well-studied despite the clinical importance of distinguishing transient increase from permanent expansion. Thus, this study aimed to identify the underlying mechanism and novel radiological predictors of schwannoma expansion after radiotherapy.

Materials & Methods: We retrospectively examined the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy on schwannomas and magnetic resonance images of 43 patients with vestibular schwannomas who underwent stereotactic radiotherapy or radiosurgery at our facility between June 1, 2012 and September 1, 2018.

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Introduction: This study aimed to identify cases that require a three-dimensional-printed kidney model in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.

Methods: We enrolled 93 patients undergoing robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for renal tumors at a single institution between November 2018 and May 2021. The endpoints were how often and how long the surgeon consulted the three-dimensional-printed model, determined using intraoperative video.

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Purpose: Recommendations on perioperative glycemic control in cardiac surgery are based on coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), though coronary artery disease and valvular disease are pathologically distinct. We aimed to compare the postoperative insulin requirement between CABG and other cardiac surgeries in type 2 diabetic patients and identify predictive factors for the maximum postoperative insulin dose.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively included 60 Japanese patients with diabetes/glucose intolerance (HbA1c > 37 mmol/mol [5.

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Objectives: To compare the incidence of surgical site infections (SSI) between robot-assisted and open radical cystectomies and investigate the risk factors for SSI after radical cystectomies.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent radical cystectomy between July 2008 and December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The prevalence and characteristics of SSI after open and robot-assisted radical cystectomies were compared, and the risk factors for SSI were investigated using propensity score matching.

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Aims/introduction: Isolated high home systolic blood pressure (IHHSBP) is a risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, no study has shown an association between IHHSBP and CVD in diabetes. We examined the association between IHHSBP and CVD in type 2 diabetes.

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Aim: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are available for individuals with type 1 diabetes, but appropriate use is recommended to prevent ketosis or ketoacidosis. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of ketosis in people with type 1 diabetes, focusing on the relationship between nutritional assessment, glycaemic status, c-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) index and body composition.

Materials And Methods: In total, 46 Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes were included, and dietary assessment from food photographs and ketone levels were evaluated before and after taking SGLT2is.

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Aims/introduction: Dapagliflozin is used for individuals with type 1 diabetes, although the effect of this medication on skeletal muscle mass is not well established. In addition, there are few studies examining the effects of good glycemic control on skeletal muscle mass in type 1 diabetes patients. We investigated changes in glycemic control and skeletal muscle mass with dapagliflozin in individuals with type 1 diabetes, and the association between these changes.

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  • The study aimed to evaluate how dapagliflozin affects kidney function in patients with type 1 diabetes over a 24-month period.
  • A total of 295 type 1 diabetes patients were assessed, focusing on changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and other key health indicators like HbA1c and insulin dosage.
  • Results showed that patients on dapagliflozin experienced a smaller decline in kidney function compared to those not using the drug, without any increase in serious side effects like diabetic ketoacidosis or hypoglycemia.
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  • - The study aimed to assess how COVID-19 impacted diet, stress, and sleep among Japanese patients undergoing hemodialysis.
  • - Data were collected from 81 participants (47 men) regarding their nutritional habits before and during the COVID-19 emergency, showing significant dietary changes, particularly for women.
  • - Results indicated that women experienced greater negative effects on stress and sleep compared to men, with women scoring higher in both areas (stress: 29.5 vs 25.3 and sleep disturbance: 14.4 vs 11.6).
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Background: Insulin resistance, which is closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a cause of sarcopenia and people with T2DM have a high risk of sarcopenia. Keeping good oral condition by dental care is important for people with T2DM. Keeping good oral condition by dental care is important for people with T2DM.

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  • Microplastics (MPs) are tiny plastic particles that pose health risks when ingested, especially in combination with a high-fat diet (HFD), which can lead to leaky gut syndrome (LGS) in mice.
  • Research aimed to understand how consuming an HFD along with MPs affects gut health and metabolic processes by examining glucose levels, gut permeability, and inflammation in mice.
  • Results showed that mice on an HFD with MPs had higher blood glucose and lipid levels, increased intestinal permeability, and more inflammatory cells compared to those on an HFD without MPs, indicating that MPs could exacerbate dietary fat-related health issues.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the patterns of failure in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treated using chemoradiotherapy in the Standard radiotherapy (60 Gy/30 fractions; Standard) or Short course (40 Gy/15 fractions: Short).

Materials And Methods: Ninety-three consecutive patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma treated at our hospital between April 2007 and December 2016, and 68 patients who could be followed up were included. All patients underwent surgical resection followed by radiotherapy with concurrent temozolomide.

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Albuminuria is a prognostic marker of worsening renal outcomes in people with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. High home systolic blood pressure is associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy. We assessed the impact of chronic high home blood pressure on diabetic nephropathy progression 10 years after study entry.

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Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are major host cells for biopharmaceuticals. During culture, the chromosome number of CHO cells alters spontaneously. Here, we investigated the effects of artificial changes in the chromosome number on productivity.

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