Convergent organization of aberrant MYB complex controls oncogenic gene expression in acute myeloid leukemia.

Dysregulated gene expression contributes to most prevalent features in human cancers. Here, we show that most subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) depend on the aberrant assembly of MYB transcriptional co-activator complex. By rapid and selective peptidomimetic interference with the binding of CBP/P300 to MYB, but not CREB or MLL1, we find that the leukemic functions of MYB are mediated by CBP/P300 co-activation of a distinct set of transcription factor complexes.

[Role of ASXL1 mutations in hematological disorders].

Recent progress in whole genome sequencing has identified recurrent somatic mutations in the additional sex combs like 1 (ASXL1) gene in a variety of hematological disorders and even in premalignant conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms regarding the contribution of ASXL1 mutation to the pathogenesis of premalignant conditions remain largely unelucidated. Thus, we investigated the biological effects of mutant Asxl1 using newly-generated knock-in (KI) mice.

Modeling ASXL1 mutation revealed impaired hematopoiesis caused by derepression of p16Ink4a through aberrant PRC1-mediated histone modification.

In spite of distinct clinical importance, the molecular mechanisms how Additional sex combs-like 1 (ASXL1) mutation contributes to the pathogenesis of premalignant conditions are largely unknown. Here, with newly generated knock-in mice, we investigated the biological effects of the mutant. Asxl1 heterozygous (Asxl1) mice developed phenotypes recapitulating human low-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and some of them developed MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasm-like disease after long latency.

Efficacy of early switch from intravenous to oral antimicrobials in patients with aspiration pneumonia: A prospective observational study.

Background: Previous reports have documented the efficacy of an early switch from intravenous to oral antimicrobials in community-acquired pneumonia, but not aspiration pneumonia. Therefore, we assessed the feasibility and efficacy of these newly developed criteria for community-acquired pneumonia in patients with aspiration pneumonia.

Methods: This prospective observational study included consecutive patients admitted with aspiration pneumonia over a 10-month period at St.

Comparison of garenoxacin with levofloxacin as antimicrobial prophylaxis in acute myeloid leukemia.

Objective: Levofloxacin is widely used as antimicrobial prophylaxis against high-risk chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Garenoxacin, a fluoroquinolone developed in Japan, shows a stronger in vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria than levofloxacin.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed high-risk patients with acute myeloid leukemia who were administered garenoxacin (n = 36) or levofloxacin (n = 120) during chemotherapy.

Transformation of follicular lymphoma in the retroperitoneal muscles demonstrated by CT-guided needle biopsy of FDG-avid lesions; case series.

We herein report two cases of relapsed follicular lymphoma (FL) with transformation in the retroperitoneal muscles. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) showed high uptakes in the retroperitoneal muscles. We considered excisional biopsy at first, since it is definitely the most reliable means to obtain histological diagnosis.

Successful treatment with recombinant thrombomodulin for B-cell lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation.

We report here a 47-year-old male with the diagnosis of high-grade B-cell lymphoma and hemophagocytosis accompanying disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (LAHS) is a life-threatening disorder, and LAHS secondary to B-cell lymphoma is relatively rare compared to that secondary to T- or NK/T-cell lymphoma in Western countries. T- or NK/T-cell LAHS is sometimes combined with DIC, which makes patients' outcomes even worse, but few reports of B-cell LAHS accompanying DIC has been published so far.