A neck mounted interface for sensing the swallowing activity based on swallowing sound.

This study proposes a novel interface for sensing swallowing activities (based on the sound produced when swallowing) that is mounted on the back of the neck. Recently, owing to the aging of the population, the number of dysphagia patients has been increasing. Although various types of diacrisis and dysphagia testing methodologies already exist, several problems remain.

Zeolite formation from coal fly ash and heavy metal ion removal characteristics of thus-obtained Zeolite X in multi-metal systems.

Zeolitic materials have been prepared from coal fly ash as well as from a SiO(2)-Al(2)O(3) system upon NaOH fusion treatment, followed by subsequent hydrothermal processing at various NaOH concentrations and reaction times. During the preparation process, the starting material initially decomposed to an amorphous form, and the nucleation process of the zeolite began. The carbon content of the starting material influenced the formation of the zeolite by providing an active surface for nucleation.