Subglacial discharge controls seasonal variations in the thermal structure of a glacial lake in Patagonia.

Water temperature in glacial lakes affects underwater melting and calving of glaciers terminating in lakes. Despite its importance, seasonal lake temperature variations are poorly understood because taking long-term measurements near the front of calving glaciers is challenging. To investigate the thermal structure and its seasonal variations, we performed year-around temperature and current measurement at depths of 58-392 m in Lago Grey, a 410-m-deep glacial lake in Patagonia.

Thermohaline structure and circulation beneath the Langhovde Glacier ice shelf in East Antarctica.

Basal melting of ice shelves is considered to be the principal driver of recent ice mass loss in Antarctica. Nevertheless, in-situ oceanic data covering the extensive areas of a subshelf cavity are sparse. Here we show comprehensive structures of temperature, salinity and current measured in January 2018 through four boreholes drilled at a ~3-km-long ice shelf of Langhovde Glacier in East Antarctica.

A modified measurement method of electrical properties for ZnO microvaristors by direct measurements.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) materials are fine ceramics with non-linear electrical properties. Their non-linear electrical properties appear from a double Schottky barrier formed in the grain boundaries (GBs). These microparticles are not easy to measure directly with electrical microprobes due to their small size (i.