Ofatumumab for multiple sclerosis with disability accumulation.

Background: The ASCLEPIOS/APLIOS/APOLITOS/ALITHIOS trials highlighted the benefits of ofatumumab in reducing relapse rates and disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, its effects on patients with severe disability status remains uncertain. This study aimed to clarify the outcomes of ofatumumab in MS patients with high Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores and prolonged disease durations.

[Amaurosis fugax in Marfan syndrome with myxomatous degeneration].

A 28-year-old male presented with a sudden, transient visual impairment in the right eye. Brain MRI revealed no obvious ischemic lesions, and he was diagnosed with amaurosis fugax. Physical examination revealed characteristic features of Marfan syndrome, along with a family history of tall stature and valvular heart disease.

Serum phosphorus levels associated with nigrostriatal dopaminergic deficits in drug-naïve Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: A major component of Lewy bodies is phosphorylated α-synuclein. This post-translational modification of α-synuclein, phosphorylation, may consume a great amount of serum phosphorus. We aimed to investigate serum phosphorus levels and their associations with clinical phenotype and the degeneration of cardiac sympathetic and nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Peripheral immune profile in drug-naïve dementia with Lewy bodies.

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that peripheral inflammation is associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). We examined peripheral immune profiles and their association with clinical characteristics in patients with DLB and compared these with values in patients with PD.

Methods: We analyzed peripheral blood from 93 participants (drug-naïve DLB, 31; drug-naïve PD, 31; controls, 31).

Recurrent Watershed Infarction Without Evident Intracranial Arterial Stenosis Due to Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Case Report.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by arterial, venous, or small vessel thromboembolic events. We present here a rare case of APS with repeated multiple cerebral infarctions in the same watershed area without visible arterial stenosis. A 53-year-old woman without a past medical history presented with a headache and numbness of the right fingers.

Urinary Immunoglobulin G Is a Novel Biomarker for Atherosclerotic Burden in Mild Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients.

Aims: Urinary immunoglobulin G (IgG) may be a stronger marker of atherosclerosis than microalbuminuria are because urinary IgG reflects proteinuria level and size-selectivity loss. Microalbuminuria-not urinary IgG-is associated with mild acute ischemic stroke (MAIS).

Methods: Using the Jikei University School of Medicine Stroke Registry, we selected and screened patients with symptomatic acute ischemic stroke (onset-to-door time ≤ 24 h).

Effects of monotherapy with a monoamine oxidase B inhibitor on motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease are dependent on frontal function.

Background: Monotherapy with monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors enhances the level of endogenous dopamine in treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD) and provides some benefits. Certain neuropsychiatric functions are also regulated by central dopaminergic activity.

Aim: To investigate the relationship of the efficacy of monotherapy with MAO-B inhibitors on motor symptoms in PD with baseline cognitive function.

Urinary Immunoglobulin G Is Associated with Deep and Infratentorial Cerebral Microbleeds in Stroke Patients.

Background: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) detected on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) are associated with cerebral small vessel disease. Chronic kidney disease and microalbuminuria have been associated with the presence of CMBs in stroke patients. Urinary immunoglobulin G (IgG) is measured to document glomerular injury; however, the relationship between urinary IgG and CMBs is unknown.

Generalized myasthenia gravis patients infected with COVID-19 should continue eculizumab.

Eculizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody, is a complement inhibitor indicated for refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (MG). However, there are limited data on the safety of eculizumab for MG during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. We report a case in which eculizumab was continued for MG after contracting COVID-19, followed by a favorable outcome.

Convexity Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Accompanied by Hyperacute Ischemic Stroke.

Introduction And Objectives: The clinical characteristics of convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (cSAH) accompanying hyperacute ischemic stroke are unknown. We aimed to investigate the incidence and clinical characteristics of cSAH with hyperacute ischemic stroke.

Methods: Participants comprised symptomatic ischemic stroke patients with ≤4.