Publications by authors named "Masahiro Hatakeyama"

Background: Despite advances in reperfusion therapies, ischemic stroke remains a major cause of long-term disability due to residual hypoxic lesions persisting after macrovascular reperfusion. These residual hypoxic lesions, caused by microvascular dysfunction, represent an important therapeutic target. We previously demonstrated that oxygen-glucose-deprived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (OGD-PBMCs) migrate to ischemic brain regions and promote functional recovery after stroke.

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Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a major atypical parkinsonism. Because diagnosis based on the cardinal clinical features is often difficult, misdiagnosis with Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) is common in PSP patients. Iron metabolism genes are reportedly involved in tau-accumulating neuronal cell death and ferroptosis in PSP, which is more severe than PD and MSA.

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Background: In recent years, cases of dystextia (texting disabilities) and dystypia (typing disabilities) have been reported. However, reports describing isolated dystextia without aphasia or other cognitive impairments are rare, and the detailed pathophysiology is not fully understood. Most Japanese people use the alphabetical spelling system (Romaji) for texting and typing.

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Article Synopsis
  • Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by symptoms like parkinsonism, limb apraxia, and language issues, often linked to tauopathies, while Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome (FCMS) presents differently, featuring facial and speech difficulties, typically due to stroke or TDP-43 proteinopathy.
  • A clinical case of a 68-year-old woman initially thought to have FCMS progressively developed symptoms that led to a final diagnosis of CBS, characterized by significant speech degradation and neurological signs reflective of frontal lobe dysfunction.
  • Neuroimaging revealed 4-repeat tauopathy as the underlying pathology of CBS, and despite treatment efforts, the patient’s condition worsened rapidly, leading
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Stroke is the leading cause of severe long-term disability. Cell therapy has recently emerged as an approach to facilitate functional recovery in stroke. Although administration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells preconditioned by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD-PBMCs) has been shown to be a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke, the recovery mechanisms remain largely unknown.

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Background: Reperfusion therapies by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) have ushered in a new era in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, reperfusion therapy-related HT remains an enigma.

Aim: To provide a comprehensive review focused on emerging concepts of stroke and therapeutic strategies, including the use of protective agents to prevent HT after reperfusion therapies for AIS.

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Many studies in recent years have reported cell therapies using embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells for cerebral ischemia. However, obtaining these cells is challenging, and these cell therapies require complicated procedures to prepare cells for administration. Notably, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are a useful cell source for clinical applications because cell collection is easier.

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Stroke remains a major cause of serious disability because the brain has a limited capacity to regenerate. In the last two decades, therapies for stroke have dramatically changed. However, half of the patients cannot achieve functional independence after treatment.

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We report the case of a 76-year-old woman who presented with recurrent episodes of complex visual hallucinations in her right visual field without an anopsia. The electroencephalogram showed sharp transients in the left parietotemporal region with phase reversals at T5 and P3. FLAIR MRI revealed hyperintense lesions in the left temporo-occipital lobe, located mainly in the left inferior temporal lobe.

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Cell therapies that invoke pleiotropic mechanisms may facilitate functional recovery in patients with stroke. Based on previous experiments using microglia preconditioned by oxygen-glucose deprivation, we hypothesized that the administration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) preconditioned by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD-PBMCs) to be a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. Here, OGD-PBMCs were identified to secrete remodelling factors, including the vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β in vitro, while intra-arterial administration of OGD-PBMCs at 7 days after focal cerebral ischemia prompted expression of such factors in the brain parenchyma at 28 days following focal cerebral ischemia in vivo.

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Increased microvessel density in the peri-infarct region has been reported and has been correlated with longer survival times in ischemic stroke patients and has improved outcomes in ischemic animal models.This raises the possibility that enhancement of angiogenesis is one of the strategies to facilitate functional recovery after ischemic stroke. Blood vessels and neuronal cells communicate with each other using various mediators and contribute to the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia as a unit.

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Objective: To determine predictors of cognitive impairment and frontal dysfunction in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA).

Methods: We recruited 59 patients with MSA and determined the predictors of a decline in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) scores.

Results: The MMSE scores negatively correlated with disease duration, Unified MSA Rating Scale (UMSARS) part 1 and 4 scores, and residual urine volume, and positively correlated with the coefficient of variation of electrocardiographic RR intervals.

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Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and consists of two types, ischemic and hemorrhagic. Currently, there is no effective treatment to increase the survival rate or improve the quality of life after ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in the subacute to chronic phases. Therefore, it is necessary to establish therapeutic strategies to facilitate functional recovery in patients with stroke during both phases.

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Cell-therapies that invoke pleiotropic mechanisms may facilitate functional recovery in stroke patients. We hypothesized that a cell therapy using microglia preconditioned by optimal oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) is a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke because optimal ischemia induces anti-inflammatory M2 microglia. We first delineated changes in angiogenesis and axonal outgrowth in the ischemic cortex using rats.

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Article Synopsis
  • Pyogenic ventriculitis is a rare but serious brain infection that can have grave consequences if treatment is delayed, often due to vague symptoms.
  • MRI scans are crucial for diagnosing this condition, revealing unique features like hyperintense lesions with fluid-fluid levels in the ventricles.
  • Two patients with distinct backgrounds were successfully treated with high-dose antibiotics after MRI indicated pyogenic ventriculitis, leading to their complete recovery.
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