Synthesis of six-membered silacycles by borane-catalyzed double sila-Friedel-Crafts reaction.

We have developed a catalytic synthetic method to prepare phenoxasilins. A borane-catalyzed double sila-Friedel-Crafts reaction between amino group-containing diaryl ethers and dihydrosilanes can be used to prepare a variety of phenoxasilin derivatives in good to excellent yields. The optimized reaction conditions were also applicable for diaryl thioethers to afford their corresponding six-membered silacyclic products.

Relationship between the lifestyle of a Siboglinid (Pogonophoran) polychaete, Oligobrachia mashikoi, and the total sulfide and nitrogen levels in its habitat.

A gutless polychaete of the family Siboglinidae, Oligobrachia mashikoi, known in the past as a beard worm of the group Pogonophora, inhabits Tsukumo Bay of the Noto Peninsula in the Sea of Japan. Photographs were taken of this polychaete projecting about one third of the length of its tentacles outside of its tube. The tube protruded several mm from the sea bottom.

Colonoscopic classification of internal hemorrhoids: usefulness in endoscopic band ligation.

Background: Bleeding is one of the main symptoms of internal hemorrhoids. However, the conventional Goligher's classification of internal hemorrhoids does not consider the severity of bleeding. We intended to establish a useful method for evaluating internal hemorrhoids using a colonoscope that reflected the severity of the symptoms.

[Pharmaceutical and pharmacological evaluation of Burow's solution (aluminum acetate solution), hospital preparation, and development of its rapid preparation method].

Burow's solution, or aluminum acetate solution, is effective in inhibiting various microorganisms including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) that are commonly observed in chronic suppurative otitis media. It takes several days to prepare Burow's solution using aluminum sulfate, and the pharmaceutical properties of the solution are not fully understood. In this study, the effect of storage (5 months) of Burow's solution prepared according to the Teine-Keijin Hospital manual on its pharmaceutical properties and antibacterial activities was examined.

Retroflexed endoscopic multiple band ligation of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids.

Background: Elastic band ligation is a well-established nonoperative method for treatment of internal hemorrhoids that give rise to symptoms. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of retroflexed endoscopic multiple band ligation, a procedure that involves extensive ligation of internal hemorrhoids, and the immediately proximal normal rectal mucosa, by means of a retroflexed endoscope.

Methods: Eighty-two patients with symptoms caused by internal hemorrhoids (15, stage I; 19, stage II; 47, stage III; 1, stage IV) were treated by retroflexed endoscopic multiple band ligation.

Capillary electrophoresis of small anions in complex samples with a hollow fiber sampling inlet end.

A hollow fiber sampling inlet end of capillary electrophoresis (CE) for small ions in complex samples is described. A short piece of hollow fiber, which only permits small ions to pass through its wall, was directly connected to one end of a capillary. Small ions in complex samples were injected into the capillary through the hollow fiber by an electrokinetic method.

Platelet count is independently associated with insulin resistance in non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between platelet count and insulin resistance in non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients. A total of 163 non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients (112 men and 51 women, aged 36 to 84 years, body mass index [BMI] 16.2 to 26.

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression and angiogenesis in gastric hyperplastic polyp--association with polyp size.

Background: Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is the rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin synthesis, and plays an important role in tumor enlargement. COX-2 is expressed in human gastric and colorectal tumors, and the expression increases in a tumor size-dependent manner. In the present study, we attempted to examine the COX-2 expression pattern in gastric hyperplastic polyp, a non-tumorous lesion.

Porphyromonas gingivalis infection is associated with carotid atherosclerosis in non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients with porphyromonas gingivalis infection have atherosclerotic vascular diseases. A total of 134 non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients (96 men and 38 women, aged 36 to 84 years, body mass index [BMI] 20.1 to 26.

C-reactive protein and insulin resistance in non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) and insulin resistance in non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients. A total of 135 non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients (96 men and 39 women, aged 36 to 83 years, with a body mass index [BMI] of 16.2 to 26.

XIB4035, a novel nonpeptidyl small molecule agonist for GFRalpha-1.

We investigated the agonistic activities of N(4)-(7-chloro-2-[(E)-2-(2-chloro-phenyl)-vinyl]-quinolin-4-yl)-N(1),N(1)-diethyl-pentane-1,4-diamine (XIB4035), at the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family receptoralpha-1(GFRalpha-1) in Neuro-2A cells, a mouse neuroblastoma cell line which is a suitable model for investigating functions mediated through GFRalpha-1. XIB4035 concentration-dependently inhibited [(125)I]GDNF binding in Neuro-2A cells with an IC(50) of 10.4 microM.

Relationship of regional adiposity to insulin resistance and serum triglyceride levels in nonobese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between insulin resistance and regional abdominal fat area, body mass index (BMI), and serum lipid profile in nonobese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients. A total of 63 nonobese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients aged 45 to 83 years were examined. The duration of diabetes was 8.

Ultrasonographically assessed carotid atherosclerosis in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients: Role of nonesterified fatty acids.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of carotid atherosclerosis (intimal-medial thickness [IMT] in plaque-free segments and carotid stenosis in plaque segments) with serum nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) in diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Fifty-one nonobese nonhypertensive Japanese type 2 diabetic patients aged 38 to 83 years (60.0 +/- 1.

A report from Japan: choices of Japanese patients in the face of disagreement.

Background: Patients in different countries have different attitudes toward self-determination and medical information. Little is known how much respect Japanese patients feel should be given for their wishes about medical care and for medical information, and what choices they would make in the face of disagreement.

Methods: Ambulatory patients in six clinics of internal medicine at a university hospital were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire.