Animal studies supporting the inhibition of mast cell activation by Eriobotrya japonica seed extract.

Objectives: The potent antioxidant activity of Eriobotrya japonica seed extract (ESE) and its usefulness in the prevention and treatment of various disorders has been reported previously. Its antioxidant activity associated with beta-sitosterol and polyphenols contained in the extract was also validated. In this study, anti-allergic activity of Eriobotrya japonica seed extract was investigated.

Gastroprotective activity of Eriobotrya japonica seed extract on experimentally induced gastric lesions in rats.

The effect of Eriobotrya japonica seed extract (ESE) prepared with 70% ethanol on gastric mucosal injury was investigated. Six experimental models with different action mechanisms were used for the evaluation. Three concentrations of ESE were prepared for each model.

Effect of Eriobotrya japonica seed extract on 5-fluorouracil-induced mucositis in hamsters.

In this study, we investigated the effects of an Eriobotrya japonica seed extract (ESE) on mucositis using a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced mucositis hamster model. This model was prepared by intraperitoneally administering 90 mg/kg of 5-FU to hamsters on Day 1, scratching 1 cm(2) of the left cheek pouch of hamsters with a wire brush on Days 2, 3, and 4, and intraperitoneally administering 60 mg/kg of 5-FU on Day 5. Mucositis was evaluated based on the mucositis score at the mucositis site, left cheek pouch thickness, histological findings on HE staining, and plasma lipid peroxide levels.

Effect of orally administered Eriobotrya japonica seed extract on allergic contact dermatitis in rats.

The anti-allergic activity of Eriobotrya japonica seeds extract (ESE) was investigated. Oral administration of ESE dramatically inhibited ear swelling due to allergic contact dermatitis caused by repeated application of two antigens, 4-ethoxymethylene-2-phenyl-2-oxazolin-5-one (oxazolone) and dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), respectively. The increase of histamine content in inflamed ear tissue induced by oxazolone and DNFB was significantly antagonized by orally administered ESE.

Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by Eriobotrya japonica seed extract.

We have clarified that Eriobotrya japonica seed extract has strong antioxidative activity, and is effective for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, such as hepatopathy and nephropathy. In this study, to investigate the influences of components of Eriobotrya japonica seed extract on its antioxidative activity, extracts were prepared using various solvents (n-hexane (Hex), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), methanol (MeOH) and H2O) and the antioxidative activity of the solvent fractions and components was evaluated based on the scavenging of various radicals (DPPH and O2(-)) measured by the ESR method and the inhibition of Fe3+-ADP induced NADPH dependent lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. The radical scavenging activities and inhibitory activities on lipid peroxidation differed among the solvent fractions and components.

The effect of Eriobotrya japonica seed extract on oxidative stress in adriamycin-induced nephropathy in rats.

Eriobotrya japonica has been used as a medicinal plant for a long time, and its leaves are known to have many physiological actions such as anti-inflammatory, antitussive, and expectoran. In contrast, Eriobotrya japonica seeds are only known to contain amygdalin, and almost no investigations of its pharmacological action have been performed. Moreover, some anticancer agents such as adriamycin cause renal disorders as an adverse effect, and the mechanism of the adverse effect is considered to involve oxidative stress.

Difference between deep seawater and surface seawater in the preventive effect of atherosclerosis.

Using surface and deep seawater collected in the sea area of Muroto Cape (Kochi, Japan), desalinated drinking samples of about 1200 hardness were prepared and examined for the effects on the prevention of atherosclerosis in dietary induced hyperlipidemia rabbits. The plasma LDL cholesterol level was lower in the deep seawater group than in the surface seawater group. GPx activity was significantly higher in the deep seawater group than in the control group, while there was no difference between the surface seawater and control groups.

Pharmacological activity of deep-sea water: examination of hyperlipemia prevention and medical treatment effect.

When normal rabbits were administered various samples of deep-sea water, their biochemical values changed within normal limits, and no differences from distilled water administration (control) group levels were observed. Furthermore, no histopathological changes were observed in internal organs on the 28th day after administration. The serum total cholesterol (T-Cho) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Cho) levels of normal rabbits fed with a 1% cholesterol-containing diet simultaneously administered deep-sea water (desalinated water, hardness 28, 300, and 1200) increased with time up to about 1500 mg/dl.

Relationship between the eosinophilia of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the severity of pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin in rats.

A large number of studies have demonstrated that the presence of eosinophils in the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis correlates with poor prognosis or resistance to therapy. However, direct evidence of the relationship between the influx of eosinophil and pulmonary fibrosis has not yet been described experimentally. In this article, pulmonary fibrosis was induced by different doses of bleomycin (BLM) and using different aged rats.

Effect of Sho-saiko-to extract on hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in dimethylnitrosamine induced liver injury rats.

Sho-saiko-to extract, a Chinese herbal medicine, is widely used for treatment of chronic hepatitis in Japan. However, it is not clear what conditions Sho-saiko-to extract improves hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. We therefore induced various stages of liver injury in model rats and administered Sho-saiko-to extract.

Effects of extract derived from Eriobotrya japonica on liver function improvement in rats.

Eriobotrya japonica is considered a medicinal plant, and its leaves (Eriobotrya folia) have been used to treat skin diseases, as well as to relieve inflammation, pain, coughing, and sputa. In our evaluation of the pharmacological efficacy of the seed extracts, constituents of the seeds were found to contain the unsaturated fatty acids linolenic and linoleic acids and the sterol beta-sitosterol in the 70% EtOH and the MeOH extracts. The seed extracts were orally administered to rats with dimethylnitrosamine-induced hepatopathy, and blood L-asparate aminotransferase (AST) and L-alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, liver retinoid level, and hydroxyproline level were measured.