External Validation of a Prognostic Model Predicting Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Survival in Patients Receiving Post-Docetaxel Second-Line Chemotherapy.

Introduction: The Halabi model predicts the overall survival (OS) of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with second-line therapy after docetaxel. We aimed to validate this model externally with an independent cohort, outside the setting of a clinical trial.

Methods: In a multi-institutional study, we included 66 patients treated with cabazitaxel after docetaxel for mCRPC.

Efficacy and safety of cabazitaxel therapy in elderly (≥75 years) patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: A multiinstitutional study.

Background: There is little data on the outcome of cabazitaxel (CBZ) treatment of elderly patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This study assessed the efficacy and safety of CBZ chemotherapy in patients with CRPC aged 75 years or older in a multiinstitutional study.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the 74 patients with CRPC treated with CBZ enrolled in 10 institutions.

Prognostic significance of lactate dehydrogenase in cabazitaxel chemotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multi-institutional study.

This multi-institutional study aimed to identify prognostic factors for cabazitaxel treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This study included 74 Japanese patients with CRPC who were treated with cabazitaxel between 2014 and 2017. Associations between clinicopathological factors including serum markers and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were investigated.

Prognostic Impact of Prior Androgen Receptor Axis-targeting Agents in Cabazitaxel Chemotherapy After Docetaxel.

Background/aim: The novel taxane cabazitaxel has been shown to exert excellent anticancer effects after androgen receptor axis-targeting (ARAT) agents in clinical data, but not in in vitro data. We investigated the clinical outcome of cabazitaxel chemotherapy after docetaxel according to use of ARAT agents.

Patients And Methods: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) response, progression-free survival, and overall survival were compared between cases with and without prior use of ARAT agents in 74 Japanese patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with cabazitaxel chemotherapy.

Therapeutic Outcome of >10 Cycles of Cabazitaxel for Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: A Multi-institutional Study.

Background/aim: Cabazitaxel use has usually been limited to up to 10 cycles in most countries according to the protocol in the TROPIC trial. Therefore, clinical data on cabazitaxel use beyond 10 cycles is limited. The aim of this study was to report the therapeutic outcome of cabazitaxel chemotherapy administered for >10 cycles.

Efficacy and safety of 4-weekly cabazitaxel for castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multi-institutional study.

Objective: This study aimed to reveal the efficacy and safety profiles of 4-weekly cabazitaxel in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

Methods: The study included 62 Japanese patients who were treated for CRPC with ≥ 2 courses of cabazitaxel between 2014 and 2017. The oncological outcomes and adverse events were compared between 16 (25.

Efficacy and safety of cabazitaxel for castration-resistant prostate cancer in patients with > 10 cycles of docetaxel chemotherapy: a multi-institutional study.

This multi-institutional study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety profiles of cabazitaxel after prior docetaxel chemotherapy in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This study included 63 Japanese patients with CRPC who were treated with cabazitaxel from 2014 to 2017. The oncological outcomes and adverse events (AEs) were documented, and prognostic factors for oncological outcomes and predictive factors for AEs were analysed.

Donor CD4 T cells are critical in allogeneic stem cell transplantation against murine solid tumor.

Nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) has been used for various malignancies, although detailed mechanisms of antitumor effects remain unclear. We showed that a nonmyeloablative allogeneic SCT regimen, which consists of mixed chimerism induced by an injection of donor spleen and bone marrow cells followed by cyclophosphamide treatment and a donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI), exerted antitumor effects on established murine bladder tumor, MBT-2. An expansion of donor CD4 T cells accompanied by transient but vigorous IFN-gamma production was detected shortly after DLI.

What affects the results of a laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma? Evaluation with respect to intraoperative blood pressure and state of tumor.

Purpose: To investigate the factors that affect the operative data and to evaluate the validity of a laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) for pheochromocytoma.

Patients And Methods: Between July 1993 and January 2008, 172 LAs were performed in this department, and 34 of them were for pheochromocytoma. The characteristics and operative data of LAs for pheochromocytoma were examined with respect to the intraoperative systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the side of tumor.

Allogeneic cell therapy from immunized donors with tumor antigen peptide enhances the antitumor effect after cyclophosphamide-using non-myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Non-myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation is an option for the treatment of hematological malignancies as well as solid tumors. We recently proposed a cyclophosphamide-using non-myeloablative cell therapy in which donor lymphocytes infusion (DLI) was carried out after tolerance induction to donor cells. In this study, we tested the possibility that the cyclophosphamide-using cell therapy could be augmented by pre-immunization of donors before DLI.

Dendritic cell therapy in combination with interferon-alpha for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of dendritic cell (DC) therapy in combination with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: Seven patients, with progressive disease following IFN-alpha and interleukin (IL)-2 treatment, were treated with monocyte-derived DC (Mo-DC) and IFN-alpha between February 2004 and September 2006. They received Mo-DC once a week for 5 weeks and then every 2 weeks either intradermally or intratumorally.

The efficacy of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal cell cancer in the elderly: an oncological outcome analysis.

Objectives: The efficacy and outcome of a laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) were retrospectively evaluated in patients aged >or=70 years, and the results were compared with those obtained from patients younger than 70 years undergoing laparoscopic surgery for the same indications.

Methods: Data were collected for all patients undergoing an LRN for renal cell carcinoma between March 1999 and November 2006. A total of 129 LRN were performed.

Posttransplant administration of cyclophosphamide and donor lymphocyte infusion induces potent antitumor immunity to solid tumor.

Purpose: Nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) has been increasingly used for the treatment of hematologic and solid malignancies, and mature donor T cells are considered to be the main effectors of the graft-versus-tumor (GVT) activity. However, the association between degree of donor chimerism and intensity of GVT effects has not been fully elucidated. We recently proposed a unique nonmyeloablative cell therapy using posttransplant cyclophosphamide and donor lymphocyte infusion, by which a significant antitumor effect against murine renal cell carcinoma, RENCA, was induced, although the level of mixed chimerism was relatively low.

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for malignant tumors.

Objectives: The treatment of malignant adrenal tumors using laparoscopic surgery remains controversial. We thus compared the perioperative outcome of the laparoscopic adrenalectomy for the treatment of malignant tumors with the outcome for benign tumors. We also evaluated the oncological outcome of the laparoscopic adrenalectomy for a malignancy.

Comparison of standard and hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma.

A laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) for renal cancer can be performed using two methods, hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) and standard laparoscopic surgery (SLS). This institute initially used HALS to perform all radical nephrectomy, but gradually shifted to SLS. This study compared the two methods of radical nephrectomy: HALS vs.

A pilot study of the assessment of the quality of life, functional results, and complications in patients with an ileal neobladder for invasive bladder cancer.

Objective: To assess the functional results, health-related quality of life (QOL) outcomes, and complications in patients with an ileal neobladder in comparison to those with cutaneous diversion (ileal conduit and cutaneostomy).

Methods: Between September 1992 and February 2003, we consecutively performed an ileal neobladder (the Studer method) in 30 patients and cutaneous diversion in 38 patients. In August 2004, questionnaires were mailed to 54 patients.

Cyclophosphamide-using nonmyeloablative allogeneic cell therapy against renal cancer with a reduced risk of graft-versus-host disease.

Purpose: Much attention has been paid to nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of renal cancer. We recently proposed a cyclophosphamide-using nonmyeloablative cell therapy in which donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) was carried out after the tolerance induction to donor cells. In considering the clinical application of the cyclophosphamide-using cell therapy, attempts to reduce graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) are crucial.

Clinical outcomes and learning curve of a laparoscopic adrenalectomy in 103 consecutive cases at a single institute.

Objective: We examined the clinical outcomes and the learning curve for a laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) in 103 consecutive cases performed by three surgeons at our institute, according to the type of adrenal disorder.

Patients And Methods: One hundred and three patients with adrenal tumors, including 38 cases of primary aldosteronism, 33 cases of Cushing syndrome (including preclinical Cushing syndrome), 15 cases of pheochromocytoma, and nine cases of non-functioning adenoma were evaluated, while focusing on the approaches, intraoperative and postoperative data, and the learning curve of LA, according the type of adrenal disorder.

Results: There was no significant difference in the operation time, estimated blood loss, incidence of conversion to open surgery and blood transfusion, or postoperative recovery among the patients treated by LA for aldosteronoma, Cushing adenoma, pheochromocytoma, and non-functioning adenoma.

The change of the split renal function before and after a nephrectomy using Tc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3).

Objective: We examined the change in the renal function in the normal side kidney before and after a nephrectomy, by means of a newly developed diuretic renography technique utilizing Tc 99m-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3).

Materials And Methods: Forty patients who underwent a nephrectomy were evaluated using MAG3 diuretic renography. We measured the effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and Tmax time before and after a nephrectomy.

Renal cancer treatment with low levels of mixed chimerism induced by nonmyeloablative regimen using cyclophosphamide in mice.

Recently, much attention has been paid to nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of metastatic renal cancer. Mature donor T cells cause graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) although they are also the main mediators of the beneficial graft-versus-tumor activity associated with this treatment. Hence, the segregation of the graft-versus-tumor activity from GVHD is an important challenge in managing the clinical course of treatment.

Long-term outcome of hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for localized stage T1/T2 renal-cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (HALRN) in patients with localized stage T(1)/T(2) renal-cell carcinoma, we analyzed the clinical results of our patients treated in this way.

Patients And Methods: From March 1999 to March 2003, a total of 96 patients aged 28 to 86 years (mean 61 years) with clinical stage T(1)/T(2)N(0)M(0), pathologically confirmed renal-cell carcinoma underwent HALRN. The outcomes were compared with those of open radical nephrectomy, which was performed in 86 patients from November 1991 to February 1999 in our institution.

Anti-tumour activity of heat-shock protein 60-recognizing CD4+ T cells against syngeneic murine renal cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To determine whether heat-shock protein (HSP) 60-recognizing CD4(+) T cells show antitumour activity against renal carcinoma (RENCA) cells, as HSP is highly expressed by tumour cells and induced in cells by various stresses, including transformation.

Materials And Methods: RENCA, a renal cortical adenocarcinoma cell line of BALB/c origin, was used. Expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, class II and HSP-60 on RENCA tumour cells was analysed by flow cytometry.

[Examination of the change in plasma concentration of OH-flutamide in low-dose flutamide (250 mg/day) monotherapy for prostate cancer patients].

An examination of the change in plasma concentration of OH-flutamide in low-dose flutamide (250 mg/day) monotherapy for 5 prostate cancer patients was performed. We treated 5 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer between September and November 2002. The plasma concentrations of OH-flutamide, PSA and AST/ALT were measured before and after low-dose flutamide monotherapy was started.