[Autopsy of anaplastic carcinoma of the pancreas producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor].

A 50-year-old man presented to a nearby hospital with high fever and anorexia. An abdominal tumor was detected, and he was referred to our hospital. A pancreatic tumor was detected by computed tomography and abdominal ultrasonography.

[Histopathological Study of the Relationship between Lymphoid Follicles and Different Endoscopic Types of Nodular Gastritis].

Nodular gastritis is characterized histologically by hyperplasia and enlargement of lymphoid follicles in the lamina propria. With the objective of elucidating the relationship between different endoscopic types of nodular gastritis and lymphoid follicles, distributions of lymphoid follicles in the lamina propria were investigated in young gastric cancer patients with nodular gastritis. For the study, whole-mucosal step sectioning of each resected stomach was performed, the densities of lymphoid follicles of all specimens were measured microscopically, and the horizontal and depth distributions were calculated.

Plaunotol induces a comparative increase of acidic mucin fraction in gastric juice.

Background/aims: Gastric mucus protects the gastric mucosa. Plaunotol, a gastroprotective agent, has been shown to increase mucus production in animal models. However, it is unclear whether plaunotol benefits human gastric mucus secretion.

Clinical significance of mucosal suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 expression in ulcerative colitis.

Aim: To investigate the clinical significance of mucosal expression of suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and SOCS3 in human ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: Biopsy specimens for histological analysis and mRNA detection were obtained endoscopically from the rectum of 62 patients with UC (36 men; age 13-76 years). The patients were classified endoscopically according to Matts' grade (grade 1 to 4).

Cavernous hemangioma in the ascending colon treated by endoscopic mucosal resection.

Hemangioma of the large intestine is rare, but it is a clinically important entity because of the possibility of massive hemorrhage. The case is reported of a patient with a formed, sessile, polypoid-type cavernous hemangioma in the ascending colon that was removed successfully by endoscopic mucosal resection.

Basis of decreased risk of gastric cancer in severe atrophic gastritis with eradication of Helicobacter pylori.

Helicobacter pylori infection induces chronic gastritis and lowers gastric juice ascorbic acid concentrations. We investigated how H. pylori eradication affected multiple variables that could prevent or delay development of new or occult gastric cancer in patients with early gastric cancer treated by endoscopic mucosal resection.

A combination of the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test and urea breath test is useful for clinical evaluation of eradication therapy: a multicenter study.

Background: Helicobacter pylori stool antigen (HpSA) test is a new tool for evaluating the H. pylori infection. The present study was carried out to investigate the clinical usefulness of the HpSA test in the evaluation of eradication therapy by comparing it with the (13)C-urea breath test (UBT).

Effects of aged garlic extract (AGE) on colorectal adenomas: a double-blinded study.

Aged garlic extract (AGE) is a material that has the possibility of a cancer-preventive effect according to epidemiologic and animal studies. In order to confirm the effects of AGE on colorectal adenomas, we conducted a double-blinded randomized study using high-AGE (AGE 2.4 ml/day) and low-AGE (AGE 0.

Single dose of OCH improves mucosal T helper type 1/T helper type 2 cytokine balance and prevents experimental colitis in the presence of valpha14 natural killer T cells in mice.

Background And Aims: Valpha14 natural killer T (NKT) cells seem to play important roles in the development of various autoimmune diseases. However, the pathophysiologic role of NKT cells in inflammatory bowel disease remains unclear. To clarify the mechanism by which the activation of NKT cells mediates protection against intestinal inflammation, we investigated the antiinflammatory role of specifically activated Valpha14 NKT cells by glycolipids in a mouse experimental model of colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).

Magnifying colonoscopic features of ulcerative colitis reflect histologic inflammation.

Background: Colonoscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and the determination of disease activity. Standard colonoscopic findings, however, do not often agree with histologic findings. The aim of this study was to clarify the relation between magnifying colonoscopic features and histologic inflammation in the course of ulcerative colitis.

Does intragastric nitrite concentration reflect gastric carcinogenesis in Japanese Helicobacter pylori-infected patients?

Established risk factors for gastric cancer include a diet high in nitrate or nitrite and low in vitamin C and the presence of achlorhydria or hypochlorhydria. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between intragastric nitrite concentration and atrophic change of the stomach or gastric carcinogenesis in Japanese Helicobacter pylori-infected patients. Gastric juice pH, nitrite, and total vitamin C concentrations in gastric juice, serum pepsinogen I and II concentrations, and specific Helicobacter pylori antibody were analyzed.

Somatic mutation in mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellite instability in gastric cancer.

It was reported that somatic mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are associated with high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H) of the nuclear in gastric cancers. However, no correlation between mtDNA mutations and nuclear MSI-H was found in colorectal, breast, and renal cancers. Therefore, the association between mtDNA mutations and nuclear MSI-H in gastric cancers is controversial.

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole determined by 23S ribosomal RNA and rdxA gene analyses in Hiroshima, Japan.

Background And Aims: Resistance to antibiotics in Helicobacter pylori is increasing and becoming a serious problem in eradication treatment of H. pylori. The prevalence of H.

Clinical significance of Fhit expression in development of colorectal carcinoma of various macroscopic types.

It is unclear how expression of the FHIT (fragile histidine triad) gene by the colorectal neoplasm correlates with histogenesis and progression of the disease. We studied the association between expression of Fhit protein and development of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). We also examined relations between Fhit protein expression, macroscopic type, Ki-67 labeling index (LI), and p53 overexpression in carcinoma in situ.

Gastric juice nitrite and vitamin C in patients with gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis: is low acidity solely responsible for cancer risk?

Background: N-nitroso compounds are carcinogens formed from nitrite, a process that is inhibited by vitamin C in gastric juice. Helicobacter pylori infection has been reported to increase nitrite and decrease vitamin C in gastric juice. Therefore, susceptibility to gastric cancer in H.

p53 expression, K-ras gene mutation and microsatellite instability in gastric B-cell lymphomas.

Background And Aims: Genetic mechanisms involved in the development of gastric B-cell lymphomas remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to clarify the roles of mutations of the p53 and K-ras genes, and microsatellite instability (MSI) in the development of gastric B-cell lymphomas.

Methods: We investigated p53 immunoreactivity, mutations of the K-ras gene, and MSI in 27 gastric marginal zone B-cell lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type (MZBCL) and 24 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL).

Frequent loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 10p15, a putative telomerase repressor/senescence gene locus, in gastric cancer.

Previous studies suggest that a telomerase repressor/senescence gene, which acts as a tumor suppressor gene, may be located on chromosome 10p15. However, there are no studies on alterations on chromosome 10p15 in gastric cancers. We, therefore, examined loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on the 10p15 in gastric cancers by microsatellite assay.

Somatic mutation of mitochondrial DNA in Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis in patients with and without gastric cancer.

Somatic mutations of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are associated with development of various types of human cancer. To elucidate the significance of somatic mutations of the mtDNA in gastric carcinogenesis, we examined mtDNA mutations in gastric cancers and in Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis (H. pylori-CG), which is associated with an increased risk for gastric cancer development.

Food deprivation enhances somatostatin and somatostatin receptor subtype expression in rat colon.

Somatostatin, a peptide distributed widely throughout the gut, inhibits a variety of gastrointestinal functions. We previously reported that fasting for 48 h increased gastric somatostatin peptide and mRNA content. Thus, somatostatin could contribute to the inhibition of gastric G cells during fasting.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha expression and angiogenesis in gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach.

Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1 is reported to transactivate expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is an important angiogenic factor. The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical significance of HIF-1alpha expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Specimens obtained from 53 patients who underwent surgical resection for GIST of the stomach were used in this study.

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenesis in gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach.

Unlabelled: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is associated with the malignant potential of several types of carcinoma. The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical significance of VEGF expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).

Methods: Specimens obtained from 53 patients who had underwent surgical resection for GIST of the stomach were used in this study.

Small rectal carcinoid with lymph node metastasis diagnosed prior to treatment.

We treated a 59-year-old man with a small, yellowish, submucosal rectal tumour that was detected incidentally during a colonoscopic examination. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed a hypoechoic submucosal tumour 13 mm in diameter. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies were performed, and pararectal and para-obturator lymph node involvement was confirmed.